Abstract
The effects of biofertilizers on the growth, yielding, and nutritional status of apple trees (in comparison with the standard mineral fertilization) was evaluated in 3-years experiment (2018–2020). The experiment included the following treatments: (i) Super Fos Dar, (ii) Polifoska 6, (iii) Super Fos Dar + fungi (Aspergillus niger, Purpureocillium lilacinum), (iv) Urea enriched with fungi, (v) Urea dose reduced to 60% enriched with fungi, (vi) Super Fos Dar + bacteria applied on their own to the soil (Bacillus sp., Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Paenibacillus polymyxa), (vii) Super Fos Dar enriched with bacteria, (viii) Super Fos Dar 60% enriched with bacteria, (ix) Polifoska 6 enriched with bacteria, (x) Polifoska 6 60% enriched with bacteria. The application of mineral fertilizers (even in reduced doses) enriched with beneficial microorganisms enhanced the growth of apple trees. The most abundant flowering was recorded when fertilization (with Super Fos Dar) was supplemented with beneficial microorganisms applied to the soil. No significant differences in plant yielding were noted (due to damages caused by spring frosts), but the highest fruit weight was recorded in the case of the trees fertilized with microbiologically enriched Super Fos Dar.
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Claims 4
Claim · model-written summary
Mineral fertilizers (even at reduced doses) enriched with beneficial microorganisms enhanced apple tree growth compared with standard mineral fertilization.
- Taxon
- apple trees
Malus domesticae1 - Treatment
- mineral fertilizers (even in reduced doses) enriched with beneficial microorganismse1
- Interactor
- beneficial microorganismse1symbiont
- Outcome
- growthe1
- Direction
- enhancede1
- Comparator
- standard mineral fertilizatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“The application of mineral fertilizers (even in reduced doses) enriched with beneficial microorganisms enhanced the growth of apple trees”
e0“The effects of biofertilizers on the growth, yielding, and nutritional status of apple trees (in comparison with the standard mineral fertilization)”
Claim · model-written summary
Super Fos Dar fertilization supplemented with beneficial microorganisms applied to the soil gave the most abundant flowering.
- Taxon
- apple treesMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- Super Fos Dare2
- Interactor
- beneficial microorganismse2symbiont
- Outcome
- floweringe2
- Direction
- most abundante2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“The most abundant flowering was recorded when fertilization (with Super Fos Dar) was supplemented with beneficial microorganisms applied to the soil”
t0“'Sampion' apple trees”
Claim · model-written summary
Biofertilizers gave no significant difference in apple plant yielding compared with standard mineral fertilization, attributed to spring frost damage.
- Taxon
- apple treesMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- biofertilizerse0
- Outcome
- plant yieldinge3
- Direction
- No significant differencese3
- Qualifier
- due to damages caused by spring frostse3
- Comparator
- standard mineral fertilizatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“No significant differences in plant yielding were noted (due to damages caused by spring frosts)”
e0“The effects of biofertilizers on the growth, yielding, and nutritional status of apple trees (in comparison with the standard mineral fertilization)”
t0“'Sampion' apple trees”
Claim · model-written summary
Trees fertilized with microbiologically enriched Super Fos Dar had the highest fruit weight.
- Taxon
- apple treesMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- microbiologically enriched Super Fos Dare4
- Outcome
- fruit weighte4
- Direction
- higheste4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“the highest fruit weight was recorded in the case of the trees fertilized with microbiologically enriched Super Fos Dar”
t0“'Sampion' apple trees”
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