Abstract
The amount of chemical fertilizer for vegetables is on the high level in China. The use of organic fertilizers to meet the nutrient requirement of crops will be an inevitable practice in sustainable agriculture. In this study, we compared the effects of pig manure fertilizer, rabbit manure fertilizer and chemical fertilizer on yield, quality of Brassica rapa var. Chinensis , soil physico-chemical properties and microbial community by using two consecutive seasons of three fertilizers in a pot experiment. The results were as follows: (1) In the first season, the fresh yield of Brassica rapa var. Chinensis applying chemical fertilizer was significantly ( p ≤ 5%) higher than those of applying the pig manure and rabbit manure fertilizer, and the results were the opposite in the second season. The total soluble sugar concentration of fresh Brassica rapa var. Chinensis applying rabbit manure fertilizer was significantly ( p ≤ 5%) higher than those of applying pig manure fertilizer and chemical fertilizer in the first season, and the NO 3 -N content of fresh Brassica rapa var. Chinensis on the contrary. (2) The organic fertilizer increased the concentration of total nitrogen, total phosphorus and organic carbon in soil in both two seasons. Rabbit manure fertilizer increased the soil pH and EC and significantly ( p ≤ 5%) reduced the soil NO 3 -N content. (3) The pig manure and rabbit manure fertilizer significantly ( p ≤ 5%) increased the diversity and abundance of soil bacterial of Brassica rapa var. Chinensis , but had no significant effect on soil fungi. Pearson correlation analysis showed that soil TN, TP, organic carbon content and EC were significantly correlated with soil bacterial α - diversity. There were significant differences ( p ≤ 5%) in the bacterial community structures between three treatments in two seasons, and significant differences ( p ≤ 5%) in the fungal community structures between fertilizer treatments while not between two seasons. Pig manure and rabbit manure fertilizer decreased the relative abundance of soil Acidobacteria and Crenarchaeota , rabbit manure fertilizer significantly increased the abundance of Actinobacteria in the second season. Distance-based redundancy analysis (dbRDA) showed that soil EC, TN, and organic carbon content were key physico-chemical factors in determining bacterial community structure in Brassica rapa var. Chinensis soil, and soil NO 3 -N, EC, SOC concentration and soil pH in the fungal community structure.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
In the first season, chemical fertilizer gave a significantly higher fresh yield of Brassica rapa var. Chinensis than pig manure and rabbit manure fertilizers.
- Taxon
- Brassica rapa var. Chinensis
.jpg?width=60)
Brassica rapa subsp. chinensise1 - Treatment
- chemical fertilizere1
- Outcome
- fresh yielde1
- Direction
- highere1
- Comparator
- pig manure and rabbit manure fertilizere1
- Setting
- pot experimente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“by using two consecutive seasons of three fertilizers in a pot experiment”
e1“In the first season, the fresh yield of Brassica rapa var. Chinensis applying chemical fertilizer was significantly ( p ≤ 5%) higher than those of applying the pig manure and rabbit manure fertilizer”
Claim · model-written summary
In the second season, pig manure and rabbit manure fertilizers gave a higher fresh yield of Brassica rapa var. Chinensis than chemical fertilizer.
- Taxon
- Brassica rapa var. ChinensisBrassica rapa subsp. chinensise1
- Treatment
- pig manure and rabbit manure fertilizere1
- Outcome
- fresh yielde1
- Direction
- higherinferrede2
- Comparator
- chemical fertilizere1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“In the first season, the fresh yield of Brassica rapa var. Chinensis applying chemical fertilizer was significantly ( p ≤ 5%) higher than those of applying the pig manure and rabbit manure fertilizer”
e2“and the results were the opposite in the second season”
Claim · model-written summary
In the first season, rabbit manure fertilizer gave a significantly higher total soluble sugar concentration in fresh Brassica rapa var. Chinensis than pig manure and chemical fertilizers.
- Taxon
- Brassica rapa var. ChinensisBrassica rapa subsp. chinensise3
- Treatment
- rabbit manure fertilizere3
- Outcome
- total soluble sugar concentratione3
- Direction
- highere3
- Comparator
- pig manure fertilizer and chemical fertilizere3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“The total soluble sugar concentration of fresh Brassica rapa var. Chinensis applying rabbit manure fertilizer was significantly ( p ≤ 5%) higher than those of applying pig manure fertilizer and chemical fertilizer in the first season”
Claim · model-written summary
Rabbit manure fertilizer gave a lower NO3-N content in fresh Brassica rapa var. Chinensis than pig manure and chemical fertilizers.
- Taxon
- Brassica rapa var. ChinensisBrassica rapa subsp. chinensise4
- Treatment
- rabbit manure fertilizere3
- Outcome
- NO 3 -N contente4
- Direction
- lowerinferrede4
- Comparator
- pig manure fertilizer and chemical fertilizere3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“The total soluble sugar concentration of fresh Brassica rapa var. Chinensis applying rabbit manure fertilizer was significantly ( p ≤ 5%) higher than those of applying pig manure fertilizer and chemical fertilizer in the first season”
e4“and the NO 3 -N content of fresh Brassica rapa var. Chinensis on the contrary”
Claim · model-written summary
Organic fertilizers increased total nitrogen, total phosphorus and organic carbon in soil in both seasons.
- Taxon
- Brassica rapa var. ChinensisBrassica rapa subsp. chinensise1
- Treatment
- organic fertilizere5
- Outcome
- concentration of total nitrogen, total phosphorus and organic carbon in soile5
- Direction
- increasede5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“by using two consecutive seasons of three fertilizers in a pot experiment”
e1“In the first season, the fresh yield of Brassica rapa var. Chinensis applying chemical fertilizer was significantly ( p ≤ 5%) higher than those of applying the pig manure and rabbit manure fertilizer”
e5“The organic fertilizer increased the concentration of total nitrogen, total phosphorus and organic carbon in soil in both two seasons”
Claim · model-written summary
Rabbit manure fertilizer increased soil pH and EC.
- Taxon
- Brassica rapa var. ChinensisBrassica rapa subsp. chinensise1
- Treatment
- Rabbit manure fertilizere6
- Outcome
- soil pH and ECe6
- Direction
- increasede6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“In the first season, the fresh yield of Brassica rapa var. Chinensis applying chemical fertilizer was significantly ( p ≤ 5%) higher than those of applying the pig manure and rabbit manure fertilizer”
e6“Rabbit manure fertilizer increased the soil pH and EC and significantly ( p ≤ 5%) reduced the soil NO 3 -N content”
Claim · model-written summary
Rabbit manure fertilizer significantly reduced soil NO3-N content.
- Taxon
- Brassica rapa var. ChinensisBrassica rapa subsp. chinensise1
- Treatment
- Rabbit manure fertilizere6
- Outcome
- soil NO 3 -N contente6
- Direction
- reducede6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“In the first season, the fresh yield of Brassica rapa var. Chinensis applying chemical fertilizer was significantly ( p ≤ 5%) higher than those of applying the pig manure and rabbit manure fertilizer”
e6“Rabbit manure fertilizer increased the soil pH and EC and significantly ( p ≤ 5%) reduced the soil NO 3 -N content”
Claim · model-written summary
Pig manure and rabbit manure fertilizers significantly increased the diversity and abundance of soil bacteria of Brassica rapa var. Chinensis.
- Taxon
- Brassica rapa var. ChinensisBrassica rapa subsp. chinensise7
- Treatment
- pig manure and rabbit manure fertilizere7
- Outcome
- diversity and abundance of soil bacteriale7
- Direction
- increasede7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“The pig manure and rabbit manure fertilizer significantly ( p ≤ 5%) increased the diversity and abundance of soil bacterial of Brassica rapa var. Chinensis , but had no significant effect on soil fungi”
Claim · model-written summary
Pig manure and rabbit manure fertilizers had no significant effect on soil fungi of Brassica rapa var. Chinensis.
- Taxon
- Brassica rapa var. ChinensisBrassica rapa subsp. chinensise7
- Treatment
- pig manure and rabbit manure fertilizere7
- Outcome
- soil fungie7
- Direction
- no significant effecte7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“The pig manure and rabbit manure fertilizer significantly ( p ≤ 5%) increased the diversity and abundance of soil bacterial of Brassica rapa var. Chinensis , but had no significant effect on soil fungi”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil TN, TP, organic carbon content and EC are significantly correlated with soil bacterial alpha-diversity in Brassica rapa var. Chinensis soil.
- Taxon
- Brassica rapa var. ChinensisBrassica rapa subsp. chinensise1
- Compound
- soil TN, TP, organic carbon content and ECe7
- Outcome
- soil bacterial α - diversitye7
- Direction
- significantly correlatede7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“In the first season, the fresh yield of Brassica rapa var. Chinensis applying chemical fertilizer was significantly ( p ≤ 5%) higher than those of applying the pig manure and rabbit manure fertilizer”
e7“Pearson correlation analysis showed that soil TN, TP, organic carbon content and EC were significantly correlated with soil bacterial α - diversity”
Claim · model-written summary
Bacterial community structures differed significantly between the three fertilizer treatments in both seasons.
- Taxon
- Brassica rapa var. ChinensisBrassica rapa subsp. chinensise1
- Outcome
- bacterial community structurese4
- Qualifier
- in two seasonse4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“In the first season, the fresh yield of Brassica rapa var. Chinensis applying chemical fertilizer was significantly ( p ≤ 5%) higher than those of applying the pig manure and rabbit manure fertilizer”
e4“There were significant differences ( p ≤ 5%) in the bacterial community structures between three treatments in two seasons”
Claim · model-written summary
Pig manure and rabbit manure fertilizers decreased the relative abundance of soil Acidobacteria and Crenarchaeota.
- Taxon
- Brassica rapa var. ChinensisBrassica rapa subsp. chinensise1
- Treatment
- Pig manure and rabbit manure fertilizere2
- Outcome
- relative abundance of soil Acidobacteria and Crenarchaeotae2
- Direction
- decreasede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“In the first season, the fresh yield of Brassica rapa var. Chinensis applying chemical fertilizer was significantly ( p ≤ 5%) higher than those of applying the pig manure and rabbit manure fertilizer”
e2“Pig manure and rabbit manure fertilizer decreased the relative abundance of soil Acidobacteria and Crenarchaeota , rabbit manure fertilizer significantly increased the abundance of Actinobacteria in the second season”
Claim · model-written summary
Rabbit manure fertilizer significantly increased the abundance of Actinobacteria in the second season.
- Taxon
- Brassica rapa var. ChinensisBrassica rapa subsp. chinensise1
- Treatment
- rabbit manure fertilizere2
- Outcome
- abundance of Actinobacteriae2
- Direction
- increasede2
- Qualifier
- in the second seasone2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“In the first season, the fresh yield of Brassica rapa var. Chinensis applying chemical fertilizer was significantly ( p ≤ 5%) higher than those of applying the pig manure and rabbit manure fertilizer”
e2“Pig manure and rabbit manure fertilizer decreased the relative abundance of soil Acidobacteria and Crenarchaeota , rabbit manure fertilizer significantly increased the abundance of Actinobacteria in the second season”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil EC, TN and organic carbon content are key factors determining the bacterial community structure of Brassica rapa var. Chinensis soil.
- Taxon
- Brassica rapa var. ChinensisBrassica rapa subsp. chinensise5
- Compound
- soil EC, TN, and organic carbon contente5
- Outcome
- bacterial community structuree5
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“In the first season, the fresh yield of Brassica rapa var. Chinensis applying chemical fertilizer was significantly ( p ≤ 5%) higher than those of applying the pig manure and rabbit manure fertilizer”
e5“Distance-based redundancy analysis (dbRDA) showed that soil EC, TN, and organic carbon content were key physico-chemical factors in determining bacterial community structure in Brassica rapa var. Chinensis soil”
The same questions in other papers
fertilization · pest · Brassica rapa (field mustard)Positive and negative results
7 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- no effect
7 papers more in this group
See all 11 papers →fertilization · physiology: osmolytes · Brassica rapa (field mustard)Positive and negative results
14 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- negative
- positive
13 papers more in this group
See all 17 papers →fertilization · molecular: metabolites · Brassica rapa (field mustard)Positive and negative results
27 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction
- negative
- no effect
- negative
27 papers more in this group
See all 31 papers →fertilization · nutrient: content · Brassica rapa (field mustard)Positive and negative results
68 papers in the same direction as this paper · 10 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- positive
- negative
- no effect
76 papers more in this group
See all 80 papers →fertilization · yield · Brassica rapa (field mustard)Positive and negative results
137 papers in the same direction as this paper · 12 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- no effect
- no effect
147 papers more in this group
See all 151 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.