Abstract
Excessively using fertilizers poses serious problems such as environmental pollution, soil degeneration, and quality and yield reduction of vegetables. This study aimed to illustrate the effect of different organic manure and inorganic fertilizers on the characteristics of soil, and the growth, yield, and quality of non-heading Chinese cabbage. There were 28 treatments in the first experiment: no fertilization (CK), conventional fertilization (100% nitrogen T1), 20% reduction of total nitrogen (T2), 30% reduction of total nitrogen (T3), and 20% or 30% reduction of total nitrogen with four kinds of fertilizers and three kinds of dosages (24 treatments). Six treatments, being selected from the first experiment based on growth of plants, were further applied to the second experiment. The results of the second experiment showed that the pH, nitrate nitrogen, and organic matter content of soil treated by N2 (20% reduction of total nitrogen with 1500 kg·ha−1 No.1: Bacillus-enriched bio-organic fertilizer) were significantly enhanced compared with T1 (100% nitrogen). The N2-treated plants showed an 11.66% increase in root activity, 9.24% enhancement in yield, 5.79% increase in vitamin C (VC), and 47.87% decrease in nitrate content compared with T1. Nitrogen reduction with bio-organic fertilizer significantly increased the dominant phyla of Gemmatimonadetes and Chytridiomycota and significantly decreased Ascomycota, and increased the dominant genera of Gemmatimonas and Bacillus and decreased Fusarium, indicating that this treatment altered the microbial community composition of soil. Redundancy analysis (RDA) showed that AP (available phosphorus), OM (organic matter), and UREA (urease activity) of the soil were significantly correlated with microbial community structure. Yield was significantly, positively correlated with Rhodanobacter and Olpidium. In conclusion, nitrogen reduction with bio-organic fertilizer benefited growth, yield, and quality of non-heading Chinese cabbage by improving the soil quality.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
N2 increased soil pH, nitrate nitrogen and organic matter relative to T1.
- Taxon
- non-heading Chinese cabbage
Brassica rapa subsp. pekinensist0 - Treatment
- N2 (20% reduction of total nitrogen with 1500 kg·ha−1 No.1: Bacillus-enriched bio-organic fertilizer)e0
- Outcome
- pH, nitrate nitrogen, and organic matter content of soile0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Comparator
- T1 (100% nitrogen)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the pH, nitrate nitrogen, and organic matter content of soil treated by N2 (20% reduction of total nitrogen with 1500 kg·ha−1 No.1: Bacillus-enriched bio-organic fertilizer) were significantly enhanced compared with T1 (100% nitrogen)”
t0“Non-Heading Chinese Cabbage”
Claim · model-written summary
N2 increased cabbage root activity by 11.66% versus T1.
- Taxon
- non-heading Chinese cabbageBrassica rapa subsp. pekinensist0
- Treatment
- N2-treatede0
- Outcome
- root activitye0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 11.66%e0
- Comparator
- T1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The N2-treated plants showed an 11.66% increase in root activity, 9.24% enhancement in yield, 5.79% increase in vitamin C (VC), and 47.87% decrease in nitrate content compared with T1”
t0“Non-Heading Chinese Cabbage”
Claim · model-written summary
N2 increased cabbage yield by 9.24% versus T1.
- Taxon
- non-heading Chinese cabbageBrassica rapa subsp. pekinensist0
- Treatment
- N2-treatede0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- enhancemente0
- Value
- 9.24%e0
- Comparator
- T1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The N2-treated plants showed an 11.66% increase in root activity, 9.24% enhancement in yield, 5.79% increase in vitamin C (VC), and 47.87% decrease in nitrate content compared with T1”
t0“Non-Heading Chinese Cabbage”
Claim · model-written summary
N2 increased cabbage vitamin C by 5.79% versus T1.
- Taxon
- non-heading Chinese cabbageBrassica rapa subsp. pekinensist0
- Treatment
- N2-treatede0
- Outcome
- vitamin C (VC)e0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 5.79%e0
- Comparator
- T1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The N2-treated plants showed an 11.66% increase in root activity, 9.24% enhancement in yield, 5.79% increase in vitamin C (VC), and 47.87% decrease in nitrate content compared with T1”
t0“Non-Heading Chinese Cabbage”
Claim · model-written summary
N2 decreased cabbage nitrate content by 47.87% versus T1.
- Taxon
- non-heading Chinese cabbageBrassica rapa subsp. pekinensist0
- Treatment
- N2-treatede0
- Outcome
- nitrate contente0
- Direction
- decreasee0
- Value
- 47.87%e0
- Comparator
- T1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The N2-treated plants showed an 11.66% increase in root activity, 9.24% enhancement in yield, 5.79% increase in vitamin C (VC), and 47.87% decrease in nitrate content compared with T1”
t0“Non-Heading Chinese Cabbage”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen reduction with bio-organic fertilizer increased Gemmatimonadetes and Chytridiomycota abundance.
- Taxon
- non-heading Chinese cabbageBrassica rapa subsp. pekinensist0
- Treatment
- Nitrogen reduction with bio-organic fertilizere0
- Outcome
- dominant phyla of Gemmatimonadetes and Chytridiomycotae0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nitrogen reduction with bio-organic fertilizer significantly increased the dominant phyla of Gemmatimonadetes and Chytridiomycota and significantly decreased Ascomycota”
t0“Non-Heading Chinese Cabbage”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen reduction with bio-organic fertilizer decreased Ascomycota abundance.
- Taxon
- non-heading Chinese cabbageBrassica rapa subsp. pekinensist0
- Treatment
- Nitrogen reduction with bio-organic fertilizere0
- Outcome
- Ascomycotae0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nitrogen reduction with bio-organic fertilizer significantly increased the dominant phyla of Gemmatimonadetes and Chytridiomycota and significantly decreased Ascomycota”
t0“Non-Heading Chinese Cabbage”
Claim · model-written summary
The treatment increased Gemmatimonas and Bacillus abundance.
- Taxon
- non-heading Chinese cabbageBrassica rapa subsp. pekinensist0
- Treatment
- Nitrogen reduction with bio-organic fertilizere1
- Outcome
- dominant genera of Gemmatimonas and Bacilluse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increased the dominant genera of Gemmatimonas and Bacillus and decreased Fusarium”
t0“Non-Heading Chinese Cabbage”
e1“Nitrogen reduction with bio-organic fertilizer”
Claim · model-written summary
The treatment decreased Fusarium abundance.
- Taxon
- non-heading Chinese cabbageBrassica rapa subsp. pekinensist0
- Treatment
- Nitrogen reduction with bio-organic fertilizere1
- Outcome
- Fusariume0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increased the dominant genera of Gemmatimonas and Bacillus and decreased Fusarium”
t0“Non-Heading Chinese Cabbage”
e1“Nitrogen reduction with bio-organic fertilizer”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil available phosphorus, organic matter and urease activity correlated significantly with microbial community structure.
- Taxon
- non-heading Chinese cabbageBrassica rapa subsp. pekinensist0
- Outcome
- microbial community structuree0
- Direction
- correlatede0
- Qualifier
- AP (available phosphorus), OM (organic matter), and UREA (urease activity)e0
- Setting
- soile0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“AP (available phosphorus), OM (organic matter), and UREA (urease activity) of the soil were significantly correlated with microbial community structure”
t0“Non-Heading Chinese Cabbage”
Claim · model-written summary
Yield was significantly positively correlated with Rhodanobacter and Olpidium.
- Taxon
- non-heading Chinese cabbageBrassica rapa subsp. pekinensist0
- Interactor
- RhodanobacterRhodanobactere0other
- Outcome
- Yielde0
- Direction
- positively correlatede0
- Qualifier
- Olpidiume0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Yield was significantly, positively correlated with Rhodanobacter and Olpidium”
t0“Non-Heading Chinese Cabbage”
The same questions in other papers
nitrogen · nutrient: content · Brassica rapa (field mustard)Positive and negative results
19 papers in the same direction as this paper · 6 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- negative
- negative
22 papers more in this group
See all 26 papers →fertilization · nutrient: content · Brassica rapa (field mustard)Positive and negative results
68 papers in the same direction as this paper · 10 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- positive
- negative
- no effect
76 papers more in this group
See all 80 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.