Abstract
Continuous cropping increases disease severity and causes arrested development of chilli plants and the decrease of yield and quality. Hemp-chilli rotation cropping evidently eased chilli diseases, but the causation remains unknown. This paper investigated the disease index (DI) of chilli’s anthracnose for hemp-chilli and continuous chilli cropping, the antifungal effect of water extract of hemp and chilli residues, and bacteria antagonistic to chilli anthracnose fungus from hemp and chilli rhizosphere. Hemp grown as a preceding crop decreased anthracnose DI from 35–39% for the continuous chilli to 14–15% for hemp-chilli rotation. Hemp residue water extract executed suppression of chilli anthracnose fungus and the efficiency increased as the extract concentration increased from 1% to 5%. Hemp extract concentration 5% gave a mean inhibition ratio (IR) of 32.34% to spore germination and IR 53.72% to mycelia growth, which was much greater than that of the chilli extract. Antagonistic bacteria isolated from the hemp rhizosphere evidently depressed the mycelia growth of the fungus with a mean IR 32.35%, while no antagonistic bacteria were obtained from the chilli rhizosphere. The stronger allelopathy of preceding hemp plants and antagonistic bacteria from the hemp rhizosphere synergistically suppressed the fungus growth and eased the disease in the succeeding chilli crop.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Hemp as the preceding crop reduced chilli anthracnose disease index from 35–39% to 14–15%.
Verbatim
e0“Hemp grown as a preceding crop decreased anthracnose DI from 35–39% for the continuous chilli to 14–15% for hemp-chilli rotation”
Claim · model-written summary
Hemp residue water extract suppressed the chilli anthracnose fungus, with greater inhibition at higher extract concentration.
- Taxon
- chillie0
- Treatment
- Hemp residue water extracte0
- Outcome
- chilli anthracnose funguse0
- Direction
- suppressione0
- Qualifier
- from 1% to 5%e0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Hemp residue water extract executed suppression of chilli anthracnose fungus and the efficiency increased as the extract concentration increased from 1% to 5%”
Claim · model-written summary
At 5%, hemp extract inhibited spore germination by 32.34%.
Verbatim
e0“Hemp extract concentration 5% gave a mean inhibition ratio (IR) of 32.34% to spore germination and IR 53.72% to mycelia growth, which was much greater than that of the chilli extract”
Claim · model-written summary
At 5%, hemp extract inhibited mycelial growth by 53.72%.
Verbatim
e0“Hemp extract concentration 5% gave a mean inhibition ratio (IR) of 32.34% to spore germination and IR 53.72% to mycelia growth, which was much greater than that of the chilli extract”
Claim · model-written summary
Bacteria from the hemp rhizosphere inhibited fungal mycelial growth by a mean 32.35%.
- Taxon
- chillie0
- Treatment
- Antagonistic bacteria isolated from the hemp rhizospheree0
- Interactor
- funguse0pathogen
- Second interactor
- Antagonistic bacteriae0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- mycelia growth of the funguse0
- Direction
- depressede0
- Value
- 32.35%e0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Antagonistic bacteria isolated from the hemp rhizosphere evidently depressed the mycelia growth of the fungus with a mean IR 32.35%, while no antagonistic bacteria were obtained from the chilli rhizosphere”
Claim · model-written summary
No antagonistic bacteria were obtained from the chilli rhizosphere.
Verbatim
e0“no antagonistic bacteria were obtained from the chilli rhizosphere”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors attribute reduced chilli disease to stronger hemp allelopathy and antagonistic hemp-rhizosphere bacteria acting together.
Verbatim
e0“The stronger allelopathy of preceding hemp plants and antagonistic bacteria from the hemp rhizosphere synergistically suppressed the fungus growth and eased the disease in the succeeding chilli crop”
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