Abstract
2,4-D or dicamba can cause injuries and other deleterious effects on non-tolerant soybeans. Thus, the objective was to evaluate the potential for injury of subdoses of 2,4-D or dicamba, in drift simulation, for application in non-tolerant soybeans. Two experiments were carried out, one with 2,4-D and the other with dicamba. The treatments consisted of the application, in post-emergence of non-tolerant soybean, of subdoses 0; 1.35; 2.68; 5.37; 10.72; 21.45 and 42.9 g acid equivalent (ae) ha−1 2,4-D choline salt or dicamba diglycolamine (DGA) salt. Injury symptoms in plants, plant height and yield were evaluated, and the results were subjected to regression analysis. Polynomial fit was possible for the doses of both herbicides, with deleterious effects on soybean, with reductions in height and yield. The application of 2,4-D ≥ 10.72 g ae ha−1 was enough to cause injuries greater than 10% in plants, in simulated drift. The application of dicamba ≥1.35 g ae ha−1 was enough to cause injuries greater than 30% in plants, in simulated drift. For both herbicides, greater potential for injury and reductions in soybean yield were observed for the application of the highest doses (21.45 and 42.9 g ae ha−1).
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Both herbicides reduced soybean height at increasing doses.
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxe0 - Treatment
- both herbicidese0
- Outcome
- heighte0
- Direction
- reductionse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Polynomial fit was possible for the doses of both herbicides, with deleterious effects on soybean, with reductions in height and yield.”
Claim · model-written summary
Both herbicides reduced soybean yield at increasing doses.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- both herbicidese0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- reductionse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Polynomial fit was possible for the doses of both herbicides, with deleterious effects on soybean, with reductions in height and yield.”
Claim · model-written summary
Simulated drift of 2,4-D at or above 10.72 g ae ha−1 caused more than 10% soybean injury.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- 2,4-D ≥ 10.72 g ae ha−1e0
- Outcome
- injuriese0
- Direction
- greater thane0
- Value
- 10%e0
- Qualifier
- simulated drifte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The application of 2,4-D ≥ 10.72 g ae ha−1 was enough to cause injuries greater than 10% in plants, in simulated drift.”
t0“Soybean injury caused by the application of subdoses of 2,4-D or dicamba, in simulated drift”
Claim · model-written summary
Simulated drift of dicamba at or above 1.35 g ae ha−1 caused more than 30% soybean injury.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- dicamba ≥1.35 g ae ha−1e0
- Outcome
- injuriese0
- Direction
- greater thane0
- Value
- 30%e0
- Qualifier
- simulated drifte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The application of dicamba ≥1.35 g ae ha−1 was enough to cause injuries greater than 30% in plants, in simulated drift.”
t0“Soybean injury caused by the application of subdoses of 2,4-D or dicamba, in simulated drift”
Claim · model-written summary
The highest herbicide doses had the greatest injury potential.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- highest doses (21.45 and 42.9 g ae ha−1)e0
- Outcome
- potential for injurye0
- Direction
- greatere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“For both herbicides, greater potential for injury and reductions in soybean yield were observed for the application of the highest doses (21.45 and 42.9 g ae ha−1).”
Claim · model-written summary
The highest herbicide doses reduced soybean yield.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- highest doses (21.45 and 42.9 g ae ha−1)e0
- Outcome
- soybean yielde0
- Direction
- reductionse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“For both herbicides, greater potential for injury and reductions in soybean yield were observed for the application of the highest doses (21.45 and 42.9 g ae ha−1).”
The same questions in other papers
dicamba · crop injury · Glycine max (soybean)Results differ
28 papers in the same direction as this paper · 8 in the opposite direction
- negative
- no effect
- negative
33 papers more in this group
See all 37 papers →2,4-D · crop injury · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results
12 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
- negative
10 papers more in this group
See all 14 papers →herbicide · growth · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results
61 papers in the same direction as this paper · 60 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
- positive
118 papers more in this group
See all 122 papers →herbicide · yield · Glycine max (soybean)Positive and negative results
137 papers in the same direction as this paper · 322 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
456 papers more in this group
See all 460 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.