Abstract
Abstract Crop production and growth are severely affected by salt stress. Nevertheless, the bio-fertilizer vermicompost (VC) can be participated as a potent inhibitor of salinity on plant growth and crop production by regulating photosynthetic efficiency. We investigated the effect of VC on photosynthetic performance of salt-stressed broad bean ( Vicia faba L. Aspani cultivar). Seeds were grown in soil mixture; clay and sand in ratio 1:2 by volume with five different volumetric ratios of VC; 0, 2.5, 5, 10 and 15% irrigated with either water and/or 200 mM NaCl. Leaf area, Na and K contents, chlorophylls, photosystem II efficiency, Rubisco content, soluble sugars, chloroplasts’ organization and proteomics were analyzed. The imposed stress decrease leaf area, chlorophyll contents, maximum quantum efficiency (Fv/Fm), Rubisco content, increase soluble sugars and damage chloroplasts organization. Salinity upregulated glucose-1-phosphate adenylyl transferase, ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase large subunit and chloroplastic peptidyl-prolyl cis–trans isomerase. The increased leaf area, chlorophyll a , b and carotenoids, maximum quantum efficiency of photosystem II, Rubisco content, improving the degeneration of thylakoid lamellae and lessening plastoglobuli number in thylakoid membranes are the major benefits attained with vermicompost treatments under salt stress. Analysis of proteomic revealed that VC upregulated chloroplastic ferredoxin–NADP reductase, plastocyanin, polyphenol oxidase, peptidyl-prolyl cis–trans isomerase, alpha-glucan phosphorylase H isozyme and maturase expression under salt stress. The results suggest that VC controls protein expression at the level of transcriptional and translational which may conserve photosynthetic components and prevent salt-induced harmful effects in broad bean plants.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Salinity decreased leaf area.
- Taxon
- broad bean
Vicia fabat1 - Treatment
- imposed stresse0
- Outcome
- leaf areae0
- Direction
- decreasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The imposed stress decrease leaf area, chlorophyll contents, maximum quantum efficiency (Fv/Fm), Rubisco content”
t1“salt-stressed broad bean ( Vicia faba L. Aspani cultivar)”
Claim · model-written summary
Salinity decreased chlorophyll contents.
- Taxon
- broad beanVicia fabat1
- Treatment
- imposed stresse0
- Outcome
- chlorophyll contentse0
- Direction
- decreasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The imposed stress decrease leaf area, chlorophyll contents, maximum quantum efficiency (Fv/Fm), Rubisco content”
t1“salt-stressed broad bean ( Vicia faba L. Aspani cultivar)”
Claim · model-written summary
Salinity decreased maximum quantum efficiency.
- Taxon
- broad beanVicia fabat1
- Treatment
- imposed stresse0
- Outcome
- maximum quantum efficiency (Fv/Fm)e0
- Direction
- decreasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The imposed stress decrease leaf area, chlorophyll contents, maximum quantum efficiency (Fv/Fm), Rubisco content”
t1“salt-stressed broad bean ( Vicia faba L. Aspani cultivar)”
Claim · model-written summary
Salinity decreased Rubisco content.
- Taxon
- broad beanVicia fabat1
- Treatment
- imposed stresse0
- Outcome
- Rubisco contente0
- Direction
- decreasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The imposed stress decrease leaf area, chlorophyll contents, maximum quantum efficiency (Fv/Fm), Rubisco content”
t1“salt-stressed broad bean ( Vicia faba L. Aspani cultivar)”
Claim · model-written summary
Salinity increased soluble sugars.
- Taxon
- broad beanVicia fabat1
- Treatment
- Salinitye1
- Outcome
- soluble sugarse0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increase soluble sugars and damage chloroplasts organization.”
e1“Salinity upregulated glucose-1-phosphate adenylyl transferase, ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase large subunit and chloroplastic peptidyl-prolyl cis–trans isomerase.”
t1“salt-stressed broad bean ( Vicia faba L. Aspani cultivar)”
Claim · model-written summary
Salinity damaged chloroplast organization.
- Taxon
- broad beanVicia fabat1
- Treatment
- Salinitye1
- Outcome
- chloroplasts organizatione0
- Direction
- damagee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increase soluble sugars and damage chloroplasts organization.”
e1“Salinity upregulated glucose-1-phosphate adenylyl transferase, ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase large subunit and chloroplastic peptidyl-prolyl cis–trans isomerase.”
t1“salt-stressed broad bean ( Vicia faba L. Aspani cultivar)”
Claim · model-written summary
Salinity upregulated three named proteins.
- Taxon
- broad beanVicia fabat1
- Treatment
- Salinitye0
- Outcome
- glucose-1-phosphate adenylyl transferase, ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase large subunit and chloroplastic peptidyl-prolyl cis–trans isomerasee0
- Direction
- upregulatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Salinity upregulated glucose-1-phosphate adenylyl transferase, ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase large subunit and chloroplastic peptidyl-prolyl cis–trans isomerase.”
t1“salt-stressed broad bean ( Vicia faba L. Aspani cultivar)”
Claim · model-written summary
Vermicompost increased leaf area under salt stress.
- Taxon
- broad beanVicia fabat1
- Treatment
- vermicompost treatmentse0
- Outcome
- leaf areae0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- under salt stresse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The increased leaf area, chlorophyll a , b and carotenoids, maximum quantum efficiency of photosystem II, Rubisco content, improving the degeneration of thylakoid lamellae and lessening plastoglobuli number in thylakoid membranes are the major benefits attained with vermicompost treatments under salt stress.”
t1“salt-stressed broad bean ( Vicia faba L. Aspani cultivar)”
Claim · model-written summary
Vermicompost increased chlorophyll a, b and carotenoids under salt stress.
- Taxon
- broad beanVicia fabat1
- Treatment
- vermicompost treatmentse0
- Outcome
- chlorophyll a , b and carotenoidse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The increased leaf area, chlorophyll a , b and carotenoids, maximum quantum efficiency of photosystem II, Rubisco content, improving the degeneration of thylakoid lamellae and lessening plastoglobuli number in thylakoid membranes are the major benefits attained with vermicompost treatments under salt stress.”
t1“salt-stressed broad bean ( Vicia faba L. Aspani cultivar)”
Claim · model-written summary
Vermicompost increased photosystem II maximum quantum efficiency.
- Taxon
- broad beanVicia fabat1
- Treatment
- vermicompost treatmentse0
- Outcome
- maximum quantum efficiency of photosystem IIe0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The increased leaf area, chlorophyll a , b and carotenoids, maximum quantum efficiency of photosystem II, Rubisco content, improving the degeneration of thylakoid lamellae and lessening plastoglobuli number in thylakoid membranes are the major benefits attained with vermicompost treatments under salt stress.”
t1“salt-stressed broad bean ( Vicia faba L. Aspani cultivar)”
Claim · model-written summary
Vermicompost increased Rubisco content under salt stress.
- Taxon
- broad beanVicia fabat1
- Treatment
- vermicompost treatmentse0
- Outcome
- Rubisco contente0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The increased leaf area, chlorophyll a , b and carotenoids, maximum quantum efficiency of photosystem II, Rubisco content, improving the degeneration of thylakoid lamellae and lessening plastoglobuli number in thylakoid membranes are the major benefits attained with vermicompost treatments under salt stress.”
t1“salt-stressed broad bean ( Vicia faba L. Aspani cultivar)”
Claim · model-written summary
Vermicompost improved thylakoid lamellae degeneration under salt stress.
- Taxon
- broad beanVicia fabat1
- Treatment
- vermicompost treatmentse0
- Outcome
- degeneration of thylakoid lamellaee0
- Direction
- improvinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“improving the degeneration of thylakoid lamellae and lessening plastoglobuli number in thylakoid membranes are the major benefits attained with vermicompost treatments under salt stress.”
t1“salt-stressed broad bean ( Vicia faba L. Aspani cultivar)”
Claim · model-written summary
Vermicompost reduced plastoglobuli number under salt stress.
- Taxon
- broad beanVicia fabat1
- Treatment
- vermicompost treatmentse0
- Outcome
- plastoglobuli numbere0
- Direction
- lesseninge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“lessening plastoglobuli number in thylakoid membranes are the major benefits attained with vermicompost treatments under salt stress.”
t1“salt-stressed broad bean ( Vicia faba L. Aspani cultivar)”
Claim · model-written summary
Vermicompost upregulated six named proteins under salt stress.
- Taxon
- broad beanVicia fabat1
- Treatment
- VCe0
- Outcome
- chloroplastic ferredoxin–NADP reductase, plastocyanin, polyphenol oxidase, peptidyl-prolyl cis–trans isomerase, alpha-glucan phosphorylase H isozyme and maturase expressione0
- Direction
- upregulatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“VC upregulated chloroplastic ferredoxin–NADP reductase, plastocyanin, polyphenol oxidase, peptidyl-prolyl cis–trans isomerase, alpha-glucan phosphorylase H isozyme and maturase expression under salt stress.”
t1“salt-stressed broad bean ( Vicia faba L. Aspani cultivar)”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.