Abstract
Salicylic acid (SA) is a natural inducer of disease resistance in fruit, but its application in the food industry is limited due to low water solubility. Here, SA was encapsulated in β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) via the host–guest inclusion complexation method, and the efficacy of SA microcapsules (SAM) against blue mold caused by Penicillium expansum in postharvest apple fruit was elucidated. It was observed that SAM was the most effective in inhibiting the mycelial growth of P. expansum in vitro. SAM was also superior to SA for control of blue mold under in vivo conditions. Enzyme activity analysis revealed that both SA and SAM enhanced the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) in apple fruit, whereas SAM led to higher SOD activities than SA. Total phenolic contents in the SAM group were higher than those in the SA group at the early stage of storage. SAM also improved fruit quality by retarding firmness loss and maintaining higher total soluble solids (TSS) contents. These findings indicate that microcapsules can serve as a promising formulation to load SA for increasing P. expansum inhibition activity and improving quality attributes in apple fruit.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
SA microcapsules were the most effective in inhibiting in vitro mycelial growth of Penicillium expansum.
- Taxon
- apple
Malus domesticat0 - Treatment
- SAMe1
- Interactor
- Penicillium expansum
Penicillium expansume2pathogen - Outcome
- mycelial growth of P. expansume1
- Direction
- most effectivee1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Control Efficacy of Salicylic Acid Microcapsules against Postharvest Blue Mold in Apple Fruit”
e2“blue mold caused by Penicillium expansum”
e1“SAM was the most effective in inhibiting the mycelial growth of P. expansum in vitro”
Claim · model-written summary
SA microcapsules were superior to SA in controlling blue mold under in vivo conditions.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- SAMe3
- Interactor
- Penicillium expansumPenicillium expansume2pathogen
- Outcome
- control of blue molde3
- Direction
- superiore3
- Comparator
- SAe3
- Setting
- in vivo conditionse3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Control Efficacy of Salicylic Acid Microcapsules against Postharvest Blue Mold in Apple Fruit”
e2“blue mold caused by Penicillium expansum”
e3“SAM was also superior to SA for control of blue mold under in vivo conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
SA and SA microcapsules enhanced superoxide dismutase and phenylalanine ammonia lyase activities in apple fruit.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- SA and SAMe4
- Outcome
- activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL)e4
- Direction
- enhancede4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Control Efficacy of Salicylic Acid Microcapsules against Postharvest Blue Mold in Apple Fruit”
e4“both SA and SAM enhanced the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL)”
Claim · model-written summary
SA microcapsules led to higher superoxide dismutase activity than SA.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Control Efficacy of Salicylic Acid Microcapsules against Postharvest Blue Mold in Apple Fruit”
e5“whereas SAM led to higher SOD activities than SA”
Claim · model-written summary
Total phenolic contents in the SA microcapsule group were higher than in the SA group early in storage.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- SAMe6
- Outcome
- Total phenolic contentse6
- Direction
- highere6
- Qualifier
- at the early stage of storagee6
- Comparator
- SA groupe6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Control Efficacy of Salicylic Acid Microcapsules against Postharvest Blue Mold in Apple Fruit”
e6“Total phenolic contents in the SAM group were higher than those in the SA group at the early stage of storage”
Claim · model-written summary
SA microcapsules retarded firmness loss of apple fruit.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- SAMe7
- Outcome
- firmness losse7
- Direction
- retardinge7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Control Efficacy of Salicylic Acid Microcapsules against Postharvest Blue Mold in Apple Fruit”
e7“SAM also improved fruit quality by retarding firmness loss and maintaining higher total soluble solids (TSS) contents”
Claim · model-written summary
SA microcapsules maintained higher total soluble solids contents in apple fruit.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- SAMe7
- Outcome
- total soluble solids (TSS) contentse7
- Direction
- highere7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Control Efficacy of Salicylic Acid Microcapsules against Postharvest Blue Mold in Apple Fruit”
e7“SAM also improved fruit quality by retarding firmness loss and maintaining higher total soluble solids (TSS) contents”
Claim · model-written summary
Microcapsules can serve as a promising formulation to load SA for increasing P. expansum inhibition.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Interactor
- P. expansumPenicillium expansume1pathogen
- Outcome
- promising formulatione1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Control Efficacy of Salicylic Acid Microcapsules against Postharvest Blue Mold in Apple Fruit”
e1“microcapsules can serve as a promising formulation to load SA for increasing P. expansum inhibition activity”
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See all 6 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.