Abstract
Biostimulants constitute an emerging group of crop management products used to enhance productivity under abiotic stress conditions. The ability of some biostimulant products, such as seaweed extracts (SE), to enhance crop tolerance to salinity stress has been documented. SE contain a series of bioactive compounds and signaling molecules, as well as mineral and organic nutrients, that greatly benefit plants. A greenhouse experiment was conducted in order to evaluate SE-mediated tolerance mechanisms in tomato plants under salinity stress. The experiment was divided into two developmental phases (vegetative and reproductive) and included four treatments: control (plants with neither treatment), SE (plants treated with seaweed extract), NaCl (plants irrigated with 300 mM NaCl), and SE + NaCl (plants treated with seaweed extract and irrigated with 300 mM NaCl). Tomato plants treated with the SE from Padina gymnospora showed an increase in root and shoot length (18 cm and 13 cm), root and shoot area (33 cm2 and 98 cm2), and shoot and root fresh weight (1.0 and 3.8 g) under the control and salinity stress conditions. The decrease in productivity (number of fruits) associated with salinity stress was reduced from 28.7% to only 3.4% in SE-treated plants. The positive effects of SE application also included early flowering and enhanced fruit weight and quality. Our findings suggest that optimized photosynthetic performance and antioxidant defense systems (proline, total phenols, and flavonoids) appear to be major factors modulating SE responses to salinity tolerance in tomato plants with promising agricultural applications.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Seaweed extract increased tomato root length by 18 cm under control and salinity conditions.
- Taxon
- Tomato
Solanum lycopersicumt0 - Treatment
- SE from Padina gymnosporae0
- Outcome
- root and shoot lengthe0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 18 cme0
- Comparator
- controle3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Growth and Productivity of Tomato Plants”
e0“Tomato plants treated with the SE from Padina gymnospora showed an increase in root and shoot length (18 cm and 13 cm)”
e3“under the control and salinity stress conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
Seaweed extract increased tomato shoot length by 13 cm under control and salinity conditions.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- SE from Padina gymnosporae0
- Outcome
- root and shoot lengthe0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 13 cme0
- Comparator
- controle3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Growth and Productivity of Tomato Plants”
e0“Tomato plants treated with the SE from Padina gymnospora showed an increase in root and shoot length (18 cm and 13 cm)”
e3“under the control and salinity stress conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
Seaweed extract increased tomato root area by 33 cm2 under control and salinity conditions.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- SE from Padina gymnosporae0
- Outcome
- root and shoot areae1
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 33 cm2e1
- Comparator
- controle3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Growth and Productivity of Tomato Plants”
e0“Tomato plants treated with the SE from Padina gymnospora showed an increase in root and shoot length (18 cm and 13 cm)”
e1“root and shoot area (33 cm2 and 98 cm2)”
e3“under the control and salinity stress conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
Seaweed extract increased tomato shoot area by 98 cm2 under control and salinity conditions.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- SE from Padina gymnosporae0
- Outcome
- root and shoot areae1
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 98 cm2e1
- Comparator
- controle3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Growth and Productivity of Tomato Plants”
e0“Tomato plants treated with the SE from Padina gymnospora showed an increase in root and shoot length (18 cm and 13 cm)”
e1“root and shoot area (33 cm2 and 98 cm2)”
e3“under the control and salinity stress conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
Seaweed extract increased tomato shoot and root fresh weight by 1.0 g under control and salinity conditions.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- SE from Padina gymnosporae0
- Outcome
- shoot and root fresh weighte2
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 1.0e2
- Comparator
- controle3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Growth and Productivity of Tomato Plants”
e0“Tomato plants treated with the SE from Padina gymnospora showed an increase in root and shoot length (18 cm and 13 cm)”
e2“shoot and root fresh weight (1.0 and 3.8 g)”
e3“under the control and salinity stress conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
Seaweed extract increased tomato shoot and root fresh weight by 3.8 g under control and salinity conditions.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- SE from Padina gymnosporae0
- Outcome
- shoot and root fresh weighte2
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 3.8 ge2
- Comparator
- controle3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Growth and Productivity of Tomato Plants”
e0“Tomato plants treated with the SE from Padina gymnospora showed an increase in root and shoot length (18 cm and 13 cm)”
e2“shoot and root fresh weight (1.0 and 3.8 g)”
e3“under the control and salinity stress conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
Seaweed extract reduced the salinity-induced decrease in tomato productivity from 28.7% to 3.4%.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- SE-treated plantse4
- Outcome
- productivity (number of fruits)e4
- Direction
- reducede4
- Value
- from 28.7% to only 3.4%e4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Growth and Productivity of Tomato Plants”
e4“The decrease in productivity (number of fruits) associated with salinity stress was reduced from 28.7% to only 3.4% in SE-treated plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Seaweed extract application led to earlier flowering in tomato.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- SE applicatione5
- Outcome
- floweringe5
- Direction
- earlye5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Growth and Productivity of Tomato Plants”
e5“The positive effects of SE application also included early flowering”
Claim · model-written summary
Seaweed extract application enhanced tomato fruit weight and quality.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- SE applicatione5
- Outcome
- fruit weight and qualitye6
- Direction
- enhancede6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Growth and Productivity of Tomato Plants”
e5“The positive effects of SE application also included early flowering”
e6“enhanced fruit weight and quality”
Claim · model-written summary
Photosynthetic performance and antioxidant defence appear to be major factors in the salinity tolerance that seaweed extract confers on tomato.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Outcome
- salinity tolerancee7
- Qualifier
- optimized photosynthetic performance and antioxidant defense systemse7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Growth and Productivity of Tomato Plants”
e7“optimized photosynthetic performance and antioxidant defense systems (proline, total phenols, and flavonoids) appear to be major factors modulating SE responses to salinity tolerance”
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