Abstract
Abstract The southern United States produces 90% of the nation’s cotton, and the Texas High Plains is the largest contiguous cotton producing region. Since 2011, glyphosate-resistant Palmer amaranth has complicated cotton production, and alternatives to glyphosate are needed. Integrating soil residual herbicides into a weed management program is a crucial step to control glyphosate resistant weeds before emergence. The recent development of p -hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD)-resistant cotton by BASF Corporation may allow growers to use isoxaflutole in future weed management programs. In 2019 and 2020, field experiments were conducted in New Deal, Lubbock, and Halfway, Texas, to evaluate HPPD-resistant cotton response to isoxaflutole applied preemergence (PRE) or early postemergence (EPOST) and to determine the efficacy of isoxaflutole when used as part of a season-long weed management program. At the New Deal location, cotton response was observed following the EPOST application, but it never exceeded 10%. Cotton response was greatest following the PRE application in Lubbock in 2019 but did not exceed 14%. In 2020 in Lubbock, cotton was replanted due to severe weather. There was <1% cotton response following the PRE application, and maximum cotton response observed was 9% following EPOST and mid-postemergence (MPOST) applications. Cotton lint yields were not different from those of the nontreated, weed-free control at either location. In non-crop weed control studies in Halfway, all treatments controlled Palmer amaranth ≥94% 21 d after the EPOST application. Twenty-one days after the MPOST treatment, systems with isoxaflutole applied EPOST controlled Palmer amaranth by 88% to 93%, while systems with isoxaflutole PRE controlled Palmer amaranth by 94% to 98%. End-of-season Palmer amaranth control was lowest in the system without isoxaflutole (88%) and when isoxaflutole was used EPOST (88% to 91%). These studies suggest that the use of isoxaflutole in cotton weed management systems may improve season-long control of several troublesome weeds with no adverse effects on cotton yield and quality.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
At New Deal, early postemergence isoxaflutole cotton response never exceeded 10%.
- Taxon
- cotton
Gossypium hirsutume0 - Treatment
- isoxaflutole applied preemergence (PRE) or early postemergence (EPOST)e1
- Outcome
- cotton responsee0
- Value
- 10%e0
- Setting
- New Deale0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At the New Deal location, cotton response was observed following the EPOST application, but it never exceeded 10%”
e1“isoxaflutole applied preemergence (PRE) or early postemergence (EPOST)”
Claim · model-written summary
In Lubbock in 2019, preemergence cotton response was greatest but at most 14%.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- PRE applicatione0
- Outcome
- Cotton responsee0
- Direction
- greateste0
- Value
- 14%e0
- Setting
- Lubbocke0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cotton response was greatest following the PRE application in Lubbock in 2019 but did not exceed 14%”
e1“isoxaflutole applied preemergence (PRE) or early postemergence (EPOST)”
Claim · model-written summary
In Lubbock in 2020, preemergence cotton response was under 1%.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- PRE applicatione0
- Outcome
- cotton responsee0
- Value
- <1%e0
- Setting
- Lubbocke1
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“There was <1% cotton response following the PRE application”
e1“In 2020 in Lubbock, cotton was replanted due to severe weather”
Claim · model-written summary
In Lubbock in 2020, maximum cotton response after EPOST and MPOST was 9%.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- EPOST and mid-postemergence (MPOST) applicationse0
- Outcome
- cotton responsee0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 9%e0
- Setting
- Lubbocke1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“maximum cotton response observed was 9% following EPOST and mid-postemergence (MPOST) applications”
e1“In 2020 in Lubbock, cotton was replanted due to severe weather”
Claim · model-written summary
Cotton lint yield did not differ from untreated weed free control.
- Taxon
- CottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Outcome
- lint yieldse0
- Direction
- not differente0
- Comparator
- nontreated, weed-free controle0
Not reportedTreatment
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cotton lint yields were not different from those of the nontreated, weed-free control”
Claim · model-written summary
All treatments controlled Palmer amaranth at least 94% 21 days after EPOST.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- all treatmentse0
- Interactor
- Palmer amaranthe0weed
- Outcome
- controlled Palmer amaranthe0
- Value
- ≥94%e0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“all treatments controlled Palmer amaranth ≥94% 21 d after the EPOST application”
t0“cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Isoxaflutole EPOST systems controlled Palmer amaranth 88% to 93% after MPOST.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- isoxaflutole applied EPOSTe0
- Interactor
- Palmer amaranthe0weed
- Outcome
- controlled Palmer amaranthe0
- Value
- 88% to 93%e0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“systems with isoxaflutole applied EPOST controlled Palmer amaranth by 88% to 93%”
t0“cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
Isoxaflutole PRE systems controlled Palmer amaranth 94% to 98% after MPOST.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- isoxaflutole PREe0
- Interactor
- Palmer amaranthe0weed
- Outcome
- controlled Palmer amaranthe0
- Value
- 94% to 98%e0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“systems with isoxaflutole PRE controlled Palmer amaranth by 94% to 98%”
t0“cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
End of season Palmer amaranth control was lowest without isoxaflutole, at 88%.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- without isoxaflutolee0
- Interactor
- Palmer amaranthe0weed
- Outcome
- Palmer amaranth controle0
- Direction
- loweste0
- Value
- 88%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“End-of-season Palmer amaranth control was lowest in the system without isoxaflutole (88%)”
t0“cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
End of season Palmer amaranth control with EPOST isoxaflutole was 88% to 91%.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- isoxaflutole was used EPOSTe0
- Interactor
- Palmer amaranthe1weed
- Outcome
- Palmer amaranth controle1
- Direction
- loweste1
- Value
- 88% to 91%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“when isoxaflutole was used EPOST (88% to 91%)”
e1“End-of-season Palmer amaranth control was lowest in the system without isoxaflutole (88%)”
t0“cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggested isoxaflutole may improve season long weed control without harming cotton yield or quality.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- isoxaflutolee0
- Outcome
- improve season-long control of several troublesome weedse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the use of isoxaflutole in cotton weed management systems may improve season-long control of several troublesome weeds with no adverse effects on cotton yield and quality”
The same questions in other papers
isoxaflutole · control · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
herbicide · organism · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Positive and negative results
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56 papers in the same direction as this paper · 8 in the opposite direction · 3 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
- negative
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See all 68 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.