Abstract
For controlling B. cinerea using plant extracts in vitro, all tested plant extractsconcentrations were effective in inhibiting fungal growth in all experimental trials inpetri dishes. Galls and Cinnamon extracts were more effective in inhibiting B. cinereagrowth than the other plant extracts. in vivo experiments, all plant extracts withdifferent concentrations which applied as dipping treatment decreased diseaseseverity % (DS %) on wounded and unwounded strawberry fruits which inoculatedwith B. cinerea when compared with control treatment. the tested concentrations ofGalls, Clove and cinnamon extracts were generally more effective than otherextracts in controlling strawberry fruit rot infection. There were no significantdifferences between the four strawberry cultivars in disease index on the same levelof each plant extract concentration. In general, application with Galls and Cloveextracts on strawberry fruits either by spraying or dipping was effective in decreasingDS % when compared with control of wounded or un-wounded fruits. Controlling B.cinerea using Trichoderma spp. in vitro, T. harzianum (isolate 1), T. hamatum(isolate 1) and T. hamatum (isolate 2) were the most effective bio-agents in reducingthe fungal growth. With regard to controlling strawberry fruit rot infection usingTrichoderma spp. culture filtrates and fungicides in vivo, spraying the wounded andun-wounded strawberry fruits in or with three sterilized culture filtrates of threeTrichoderma isolates pre-inoculation with B. cinerea decreased the strawberry fruitrot infection on the four-tested strawberry cultivars.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
All tested plant extract concentrations inhibited Botrytis cinerea growth in vitro.
- Taxon
- strawberry
_single2.jpg?width=60)
Fragaria ×ananassat0 - Treatment
- plant extractse1
- Interactor
- B. cinerea
Botrytis cinereae1pathogen - Outcome
- inhibiting fungal growthe1
- Setting
- in vitroe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_single2.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
t0“gray mould rot of strawberry fruits”
e1“For controlling B. cinerea using plant extracts in vitro, all tested plant extractsconcentrations were effective in inhibiting fungal growth in all experimental trials inpetri dishes”
Claim · model-written summary
Galls and Cinnamon extracts inhibited Botrytis cinerea growth more than the other plant extracts.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- Galls and Cinnamon extractse2
- Interactor
- B. cinereaBotrytis cinereae2pathogen
- Outcome
- inhibiting B. cinerea growthe2
- Direction
- more effectivee2
- Comparator
- the other plant extractse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“gray mould rot of strawberry fruits”
e2“Galls and Cinnamon extracts were more effective in inhibiting B. cinerea growth than the other plant extracts”
Claim · model-written summary
Dipping in plant extracts reduced DS % on wounded and unwounded strawberry fruits inoculated with B. cinerea compared with control treatment.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- dipping treatmente3
- Interactor
- B. cinereaBotrytis cinereae3pathogen
- Outcome
- DS %e3
- Direction
- decreasede3
- Comparator
- control treatmente3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“gray mould rot of strawberry fruits”
e3“all plant extracts withdifferent concentrations which applied as dipping treatment decreased diseaseseverity % (DS %) on wounded and unwounded strawberry fruits which inoculatedwith B. cinerea when compared with control treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
Galls, Clove and cinnamon extracts were generally more effective than other extracts in controlling strawberry fruit rot infection.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- Galls, Clove and cinnamon extractse4
- Outcome
- fruit rot infectione4
- Direction
- more effectivee4
- Comparator
- other extractse4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“gray mould rot of strawberry fruits”
e4“the tested concentrations ofGalls, Clove and cinnamon extracts were generally more effective than otherextracts in controlling strawberry fruit rot infection”
Claim · model-written summary
The four strawberry cultivars did not differ significantly in disease index.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Material
- four strawberry cultivarse5
- Outcome
- disease indexe5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“gray mould rot of strawberry fruits”
e5“There were no significant differences between the four strawberry cultivars in disease index”
Claim · model-written summary
Galls and Clove extracts applied by spraying or dipping decreased DS % on strawberry fruits compared with control.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- Galls and Clovee6
- Outcome
- DS %e6
- Direction
- decreasinge6
- Comparator
- controle6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“gray mould rot of strawberry fruits”
e6“In general, application with Galls and Cloveextracts on strawberry fruits either by spraying or dipping was effective in decreasing DS % when compared with control of wounded or un-wounded fruits”
Claim · model-written summary
Trichoderma isolates were the most effective bio-agents in reducing Botrytis cinerea fungal growth in vitro.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Treatment
- Trichoderma spp.e7
- Interactor
- B. cinereaBotrytis cinereae7pathogen
- Second interactor
- T. harzianum (isolate 1)
Trichoderma harzianume7biocontrol_agent - Outcome
- fungal growthe7
- Direction
- reducinge7
- Qualifier
- most effective bio-agentse7
- Setting
- in vitroe7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“gray mould rot of strawberry fruits”
e7“Controlling B. cinerea using Trichoderma spp. in vitro, T. harzianum (isolate 1), T. hamatum (isolate 1) and T. hamatum (isolate 2) were the most effective bio-agents in reducingthe fungal growth”
Claim · model-written summary
Sterilized Trichoderma culture filtrates sprayed on strawberry fruits decreased fruit rot infection on four strawberry cultivars.
- Taxon
- strawberryFragaria ×ananassat0
- Material
- four-tested strawberry cultivarse7
- Treatment
- sterilized culture filtratese7
- Interactor
- B. cinereaBotrytis cinereae7pathogen
- Second interactor
- TrichodermaTrichodermae7biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- strawberry fruitrot infectione7
- Direction
- decreasede7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“gray mould rot of strawberry fruits”
e7“spraying the wounded andun-wounded strawberry fruits in or with three sterilized culture filtrates of threeTrichoderma isolates pre-inoculation with B. cinerea decreased the strawberry fruitrot infection on the four-tested strawberry cultivars”
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