Abstract
Wheat production is dramatically influenced by temperature. Low-temperature stress that frequently occurs seriously hampers the growth and development of wheat seedlings. In order to alleviate the damage of low temperature to wheat plant growth, remedial nitrogen was applied prior to or post low-temperature stress at seedling stage using controlled-temperature incubators to explore the difference in wheat morphology and nitrogen absorption and utilization efficiency. Nitrogen amendment significantly increased the leaf area, seedling height, tiller number and dry matter weight of wheat plants as compared with the treatment without nitrogen amendment under temperature stress. Remedial nitrogen applied prior to low-temperature stress (N-LT) was more conducive to increase the above parameters than that applied post low-temperature stress (LT-N). In addition, N-LT enhanced the ability of roots to absorb remedial 15N urea, promoted the growth and development of wheat plants under low-temperature stress, resulting in higher leaf SPAD readings, more new tillers, as well as increased dry weight of roots and above-ground organs. This study suggested that remedial nitrogen should be applied prior to low-temperature stress because it is more effective in restoring the growth of wheat plants under low-temperature stress.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen amendment increased wheat leaf area, seedling height and tiller number under temperature stress.
- Taxon
- wheat plants
Triticum aestivume0 - Treatment
- Nitrogen amendmente0
- Outcome
- leaf area, seedling height, tiller numbere0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- under temperature stresse0
- Comparator
- treatment without nitrogen amendmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nitrogen amendment significantly increased the leaf area, seedling height, tiller number and dry matter weight of wheat plants as compared with the treatment without nitrogen amendment under temperature stress.”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen amendment increased wheat dry matter weight under temperature stress.
- Taxon
- wheat plantsTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- Nitrogen amendmente0
- Outcome
- dry matter weighte0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- under temperature stresse0
- Comparator
- treatment without nitrogen amendmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nitrogen amendment significantly increased the leaf area, seedling height, tiller number and dry matter weight of wheat plants as compared with the treatment without nitrogen amendment under temperature stress.”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen applied before cold stress increased these growth parameters more than application after stress.
- Taxon
- wheat plantsTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- Remedial nitrogen applied prior to low-temperature stress (N-LT)e0
- Outcome
- leaf area, seedling height, tiller number and dry matter weighte1
- Direction
- increasee0
- Comparator
- that applied post low-temperature stress (LT-N)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Remedial nitrogen applied prior to low-temperature stress (N-LT) was more conducive to increase the above parameters than that applied post low-temperature stress (LT-N).”
e1“Nitrogen amendment significantly increased the leaf area, seedling height, tiller number and dry matter weight of wheat plants as compared with the treatment without nitrogen amendment under temperature stress.”
Claim · model-written summary
Pre-stress nitrogen enhanced root absorption of remedial 15N urea.
- Taxon
- wheat plantsTriticum aestivume0
- Organ / stage
- rootse0
- Treatment
- N-LTe0
- Outcome
- ability of roots to absorb remedial 15N ureae0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“N-LT enhanced the ability of roots to absorb remedial 15N urea, promoted the growth and development of wheat plants under low-temperature stress, resulting in higher leaf SPAD readings, more new tillers, as well as increased dry weight of roots and above-ground organs.”
Claim · model-written summary
Pre-stress nitrogen promoted wheat growth under low temperature stress.
- Taxon
- wheat plantsTriticum aestivume0
- Outcome
- growth and developmente0
- Direction
- promotede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“N-LT enhanced the ability of roots to absorb remedial 15N urea, promoted the growth and development of wheat plants under low-temperature stress, resulting in higher leaf SPAD readings, more new tillers, as well as increased dry weight of roots and above-ground organs.”
Claim · model-written summary
Pre-stress nitrogen resulted in higher leaf SPAD readings.
- Taxon
- wheat plantsTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- N-LTe0
- Outcome
- leaf SPAD readingse0
- Direction
- highere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“N-LT enhanced the ability of roots to absorb remedial 15N urea, promoted the growth and development of wheat plants under low-temperature stress, resulting in higher leaf SPAD readings, more new tillers, as well as increased dry weight of roots and above-ground organs.”
Claim · model-written summary
Pre-stress nitrogen resulted in more new tillers.
- Taxon
- wheat plantsTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- N-LTe0
- Outcome
- new tillerse0
- Direction
- moree0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“N-LT enhanced the ability of roots to absorb remedial 15N urea, promoted the growth and development of wheat plants under low-temperature stress, resulting in higher leaf SPAD readings, more new tillers, as well as increased dry weight of roots and above-ground organs.”
Claim · model-written summary
Pre-stress nitrogen increased dry weight of roots and above ground organs.
- Taxon
- wheat plantsTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- N-LTe0
- Outcome
- dry weight of roots and above-ground organse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“N-LT enhanced the ability of roots to absorb remedial 15N urea, promoted the growth and development of wheat plants under low-temperature stress, resulting in higher leaf SPAD readings, more new tillers, as well as increased dry weight of roots and above-ground organs.”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend remedial nitrogen before low temperature stress.
- Taxon
- wheat plantsTriticum aestivume0
- Outcome
- remedial nitrogen should be applied prior to low-temperature stresse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“remedial nitrogen should be applied prior to low-temperature stress because it is more effective in restoring the growth of wheat plants under low-temperature stress.”
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