Abstract
The agricultural irrigation and fertigation systems have a non-negligible impact on the soil microenvironment in arid and semi-arid areas. Therefore, studying the processes and changes of soil microenvironment under different plastic mulch drip irrigation systems can reveal the “soil-microbe” mechanism and provide a theoretical support for the optimal irrigation and nutrition management of maize in the semi-arid area of Northeast China. Three treatments were used for this study in the semi-arid area of northeast China, namely; mulched fertigation system (MF), drip irrigation system (DI), and farmers’ practices system (FP). We used high-throughput sequencing to study the soil bacterial community structure targeting the 16S rRNA gene. The agricultural irrigation and fertigation systems significantly affected soil properties. MF significantly increased bacterial abundance and bacterial diversity and richness. Moreover, MF and DI markedly increased some relative abundance of beneficial bacterial. The bacterial network in MF was more conducive to the health and stability of the agroecosystem and the relationships among species in MF bacterial network were more complex. The agricultural irrigation and fertigation systems had indirect effects on community composition and bacterial diversity through soil organic carbon (SOC), ammonium nitrogen (${\mathrm{NH}}_{4}^{+}$-N), nitrate nitrogen (${\mathrm{NO}}_{3}^{-}$-N), pH, moisture, ${\mathrm{NH}}_{4}^{+}$-N and ${\mathrm{NO}}_{3}^{-}$-N had indirect effects on yield through bacterial community composition, bacterial diversity and bacterial abundance. These findings suggested that MF was the most effective treatment to improve soil bacterial abundance and diversity, and stabilize the functional quality of soil biological processes.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Agricultural irrigation and fertigation significantly affected soil properties.
- Treatment
- agricultural irrigation and fertigation systemse0
- Outcome
- soil propertiese0
- Setting
- semi-arid area of Northeast Chinae1
Zea maysNot reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The agricultural irrigation and fertigation systems significantly affected soil properties.”
e1“maize in the semi-arid area of Northeast China”
Claim · model-written summary
Mulched fertigation increased bacterial abundance, diversity and richness.
- Treatment
- mulched fertigation system (MF)e1
- Outcome
- bacterial abundance and bacterial diversity and richnesse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“MF significantly increased bacterial abundance and bacterial diversity and richness.”
e1“mulched fertigation system (MF)”
e2“maize in the semi-arid area of Northeast China”
Claim · model-written summary
MF and DI increased the relative abundance of some beneficial bacteria.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“MF and DI markedly increased some relative abundance of beneficial bacterial.”
e1“maize in the semi-arid area of Northeast China”
Claim · model-written summary
The MF bacterial network was more conducive to agroecosystem health and stability.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The bacterial network in MF was more conducive to the health and stability of the agroecosystem”
e1“maize in the semi-arid area of Northeast China”
Claim · model-written summary
Species relationships in the MF bacterial network were more complex.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the relationships among species in MF bacterial network were more complex”
e1“maize in the semi-arid area of Northeast China”
Claim · model-written summary
Irrigation and fertigation had indirect effects on bacterial composition and diversity through soil properties.
- Treatment
- agricultural irrigation and fertigation systemse0
- Outcome
- community composition and bacterial diversitye0
- Qualifier
- through soil organic carbon (SOC), ammonium nitrogen (${\mathrm{NH}}_{4}^{+}$-N), nitrate nitrogen (${\mathrm{NO}}_{3}^{-}$-N), pH, moisturee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The agricultural irrigation and fertigation systems had indirect effects on community composition and bacterial diversity through soil organic carbon (SOC), ammonium nitrogen (${\mathrm{NH}}_{4}^{+}$-N), nitrate nitrogen (${\mathrm{NO}}_{3}^{-}$-N), pH, moisture”
e1“maize in the semi-arid area of Northeast China”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil ammonium and nitrate had indirect effects on maize yield through bacterial community properties.
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Qualifier
- through bacterial community composition, bacterial diversity and bacterial abundancee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“${\mathrm{NH}}_{4}^{+}$-N and ${\mathrm{NO}}_{3}^{-}$-N had indirect effects on yield through bacterial community composition, bacterial diversity and bacterial abundance”
e1“maize in the semi-arid area of Northeast China”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors judged MF most effective for improving soil bacteria and stabilizing soil processes.
- Treatment
- MFe0
- Outcome
- improve soil bacterial abundance and diversity, and stabilize the functional quality of soil biological processese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“MF was the most effective treatment to improve soil bacterial abundance and diversity, and stabilize the functional quality of soil biological processes”
e1“maize in the semi-arid area of Northeast China”
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