Abstract
High soil acidity is one of the main unfavorable soil factors that inhibit the growth and mineral nutrition of plants. This is largely due to the toxicity of aluminum (Al), the mobility of which increases significantly in acidic soils. Symbiotic microorganisms have a wide range of beneficial properties for plants, protecting them against abiotic stress factors. This report describes the mechanisms of positive effects of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria Pseudomonas fluorescens SPB2137 on four pea (Pisum sativum L.) genotypes grown in hydroponics and treated with 80 µM AlCl3. In batch culture, the bacteria produced auxins, possessed 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) deaminase activity, alkalized the medium and immobilized Al, forming biofilm-like structures and insoluble phosphates. Inoculation with Ps. fluorescens SPB2137 increased root and/or shoot biomass of Al-treated plants. The bacteria alkalized the nutrient solution and transferred Al from the solution to the residue, which contained phosphorus that was exuded by roots. As a result, the Al concentration in roots decreased, while the amount of precipitated Al correlated negatively with its concentration in the solution, positively with the solution pH and negatively with Al concentration in roots and shoots. Treatment with Al induced root exudation of organic acids, amino acids and sugars. The bacteria modulated root exudation via utilization and/or stimulation processes. The effects of Al and bacteria on plants varied depending on pea genotype, but all the effects had a positive direction and the variability was mostly quantitative. Thus, Ps. fluorescens SPB2137 improved the Al tolerance of pea due to immobilization and exclusion of toxicants from the root zone.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Pseudomonas fluorescens SPB2137 increased root and/or shoot biomass in aluminum-treated pea.
- Taxon
- pea
Lathyrus oleraceuse1 - Treatment
- Inoculation with Ps. fluorescens SPB2137e0
- Interactor
- Ps. fluorescens SPB2137e0symbiont
- Outcome
- root and/or shoot biomasse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Setting
- hydroponicse1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Inoculation with Ps. fluorescens SPB2137 increased root and/or shoot biomass of Al-treated plants.”
e1“four pea (Pisum sativum L.) genotypes grown in hydroponics and treated with 80 µM AlCl3”
Claim · model-written summary
The bacteria alkalized the nutrient solution and moved aluminum into phosphorus-containing residue.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceuse1
- Outcome
- nutrient solution and transferred Al from the solution to the residuee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The bacteria alkalized the nutrient solution and transferred Al from the solution to the residue, which contained phosphorus that was exuded by roots.”
e1“four pea (Pisum sativum L.) genotypes”
Claim · model-written summary
Bacterial treatment reduced aluminum concentration in pea roots.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceuse2
- Treatment
- The bacteriae1
- Outcome
- Al concentration in rootse0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“As a result, the Al concentration in roots decreased”
e1“The bacteria alkalized the nutrient solution”
e2“four pea (Pisum sativum L.) genotypes”
Claim · model-written summary
Precipitated aluminum correlated negatively with its solution concentration.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceuse1
- Outcome
- amount of precipitated Ale0
- Direction
- negativelye0
- Comparator
- its concentration in the solutione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the amount of precipitated Al correlated negatively with its concentration in the solution”
e1“four pea (Pisum sativum L.) genotypes”
Claim · model-written summary
Precipitated aluminum correlated positively with solution pH.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceuse1
- Outcome
- amount of precipitated Ale0
- Direction
- positivelye0
- Setting
- solution pHe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the amount of precipitated Al correlated negatively with its concentration in the solution, positively with the solution pH”
e1“four pea (Pisum sativum L.) genotypes”
Claim · model-written summary
Precipitated aluminum correlated negatively with aluminum concentration in roots and shoots.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceuse1
- Outcome
- Al concentration in roots and shootse0
- Direction
- negativelye0
- Comparator
- amount of precipitated Ale0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the amount of precipitated Al correlated negatively with its concentration in the solution, positively with the solution pH and negatively with Al concentration in roots and shoots”
e1“four pea (Pisum sativum L.) genotypes”
Claim · model-written summary
Aluminum treatment induced pea root exudation of organic acids, amino acids, and sugars.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceuse1
- Treatment
- Treatment with Ale0
- Outcome
- root exudation of organic acids, amino acids and sugarse0
- Direction
- inducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Treatment with Al induced root exudation of organic acids, amino acids and sugars.”
e1“four pea (Pisum sativum L.) genotypes”
Claim · model-written summary
Bacteria modulated pea root exudation through utilization and/or stimulation.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceuse1
- Outcome
- root exudatione0
- Qualifier
- utilization and/or stimulation processese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The bacteria modulated root exudation via utilization and/or stimulation processes.”
e1“four pea (Pisum sativum L.) genotypes”
Claim · model-written summary
The effects of aluminum and bacteria varied by pea genotype, mainly quantitatively.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceuse0
- Outcome
- effects of Al and bacteria on plantse0
- Qualifier
- variability was mostly quantitativee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The effects of Al and bacteria on plants varied depending on pea genotype, but all the effects had a positive direction and the variability was mostly quantitative.”
Claim · model-written summary
In batch culture the bacteria produced auxins, had ACC deaminase activity, alkalized medium, and immobilized Al.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceuse1
- Outcome
- bacteria produced auxins, possessed 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) deaminase activity, alkalized the medium and immobilized Ale0
- Setting
- batch culturee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In batch culture, the bacteria produced auxins, possessed 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) deaminase activity, alkalized the medium and immobilized Al, forming biofilm-like structures and insoluble phosphates.”
e1“four pea (Pisum sativum L.) genotypes”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors attributed improved pea aluminum tolerance to bacterial immobilization and exclusion of toxicants from the root zone.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceuse0
- Interactor
- Ps. fluorescens SPB2137e0symbiont
- Outcome
- Al tolerance of peae0
- Qualifier
- immobilization and exclusion of toxicants from the root zonee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Ps. fluorescens SPB2137 improved the Al tolerance of pea due to immobilization and exclusion of toxicants from the root zone.”
The same questions in other papers
inoculation · Bacteria · Lathyrus oleraceus (pea)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- no effect
- no effect
2 papers more in this group
See all 6 papers →inoculation · growth · Lathyrus oleraceus (pea)Positive and negative results
71 papers in the same direction as this paper · 17 in the opposite direction
- positive
- negative
- no effect
85 papers more in this group
See all 89 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.