Abstract
Abstract An analysis of the initial fruiting in nearly 50,000 apple seedlings grown over a 29-year period showed that 12% had fruited by their 8th year from seed. For 18 carefully studied crosses, 82% of the seedlings had flowered by their 11th year. Parent cultivars producing the most precocious progenies were ‘Fyan’, ‘Haralson’, ‘Red Melba’, ‘Golden Delicious’, and ‘Idared’. Early fruiting of seedlings was enhanced by large seedling size and wide spacing in the row, but season of transplanting had no significant effect. Fruiting of apple seedlings was hastened by 2 methods of trunk ringing: scoring with a knife or saw and spraying trunks with 2- sec -butyl-4,6-dinitrophenol (Dow General). Ringing caused precocious bearing in 4-year-old seedlings but 3-year-old seedlings were too young to be stimulated by ringing and a large portion of 5-year-old seedlings bore without ringing. Seedling fruiting was advanced about 1¼ years by grafting onto established 10-year-old trees having M.IX roots. This small advance was not enough to justify the considerable effort required to do the grafting. The presence of a fruiting branch of the stock tree did not hasten fruiting of seedling scions grafted onto the stock tree.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Twelve percent of seedlings fruited by year eight.
- Taxon
- Apple
Malus domesticat0 - Outcome
- fruited by their 8th yeare0
- Value
- 12%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“12% had fruited by their 8th year from seed”
t0“Apple”
Claim · model-written summary
Eighty two percent of seedlings in 18 crosses flowered by year eleven.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Outcome
- flowered by their 11th yeare0
- Value
- 82%e0
- Qualifier
- 18 carefully studied crossese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“For 18 carefully studied crosses, 82% of the seedlings had flowered by their 11th year”
t0“Apple”
Claim · model-written summary
Five named parent cultivars produced the most precocious progeny.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Material
- ‘Fyan’, ‘Haralson’, ‘Red Melba’, ‘Golden Delicious’, and ‘Idared’e0
- Outcome
- most precocious progeniese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Parent cultivars producing the most precocious progenies were ‘Fyan’, ‘Haralson’, ‘Red Melba’, ‘Golden Delicious’, and ‘Idared’”
t0“Apple”
Claim · model-written summary
Large seedling size enhanced early fruiting.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Material
- large seedling sizee0
- Outcome
- Early fruitinge0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Early fruiting of seedlings was enhanced by large seedling size”
t0“Apple”
Claim · model-written summary
Wide row spacing enhanced early fruiting.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- wide spacing in the rowe0
- Outcome
- Early fruitinge0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Early fruiting of seedlings was enhanced by large seedling size and wide spacing in the row”
t0“Apple”
Claim · model-written summary
Transplanting season had no significant effect on early fruiting.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- season of transplantinge0
- Outcome
- Fruitingt0
- Direction
- no significant effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“season of transplanting had no significant effect”
t0“Fruiting of Apple”
Claim · model-written summary
Trunk scoring hastened fruiting.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae0
- Treatment
- scoring with a knife or sawe0
- Outcome
- Fruitinge0
- Direction
- hastenede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Fruiting of apple seedlings was hastened by 2 methods of trunk ringing: scoring with a knife or saw and spraying trunks with 2- sec -butyl-4,6-dinitrophenol (Dow General)”
Claim · model-written summary
Trunk spraying with Dow General hastened fruiting.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticae0
- Treatment
- spraying trunks with 2- sec -butyl-4,6-dinitrophenol (Dow General)e0
- Outcome
- Fruitinge0
- Direction
- hastenede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Fruiting of apple seedlings was hastened by 2 methods of trunk ringing: scoring with a knife or saw and spraying trunks with 2- sec -butyl-4,6-dinitrophenol (Dow General)”
Claim · model-written summary
Ringing induced precocious bearing in four year old seedlings.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- Ringinge0
- Outcome
- precocious bearinge0
- Qualifier
- 4-year-old seedlingse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Ringing caused precocious bearing in 4-year-old seedlings”
t0“Apple”
Claim · model-written summary
Three year old seedlings were too young to respond to ringing.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- ringinge0
- Outcome
- too young to be stimulatede0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“3-year-old seedlings were too young to be stimulated by ringing”
t0“Apple”
Claim · model-written summary
Many five year old seedlings bore without ringing.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Outcome
- bore without ringinge0
- Qualifier
- 5-year-old seedlingse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a large portion of 5-year-old seedlings bore without ringing”
t0“Apple”
Claim · model-written summary
Grafting advanced fruiting about 1¼ years.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- grafting onto established 10-year-old trees having M.IX rootse0
- Outcome
- Seedling fruitinge0
- Direction
- advancede0
- Value
- 1¼ yearse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Seedling fruiting was advanced about 1¼ years by grafting onto established 10-year-old trees having M.IX roots”
t0“Apple”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors judged grafting effort unjustified by the small advance.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Outcome
- not enough to justify the considerable effort required to do the graftinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This small advance was not enough to justify the considerable effort required to do the grafting”
t0“Apple”
Claim · model-written summary
A fruiting branch on the stock tree did not hasten scion fruiting.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- presence of a fruiting branch of the stock treee0
- Outcome
- fruiting of seedling scionse0
- Direction
- did not hastene0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The presence of a fruiting branch of the stock tree did not hasten fruiting of seedling scions grafted onto the stock tree”
t0“Apple”
The same questions in other papers
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- negative
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9 papers in the same direction as this paper · 6 in the opposite direction
- no effect
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12 papers more in this group
See all 16 papers →climate site · phenology · Malus domestica (apple)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- negative
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.