Abstract
An experiment was conducted during 2021-22 to study the effect of Diatomaceous earth and biopesticides against gram pod borer [Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner)] in chickpea at Central Research Farm (CRF), Department of Entomology, SHUATS, Prayagraj during rabi season with seven treatments i.e., Diatomaceous earth (T1), Neem oil 3% (T2), Beauveria bassiana 1x108 CFU/ml (T3), Metarhizium anisopliae1x108 CFU/ml (T4), Diatomaceous earth+neem oil 3% (T5), Diatomaceous earth+ B.bassiana 1x108 CFU/ml (T6), Diatomaceous earth+ M. anisopliae1x108 CFU/ml (T7) and untreated control (T8) was evaluated against chickpea pod borer (H.armigera). Results revealed that, Among the different treatments, the highest per cent population reduction of chickpea pod borer was recorded in Diatomaceous earth+neem oil 3% (74%) followed by Diatomaceous earth+ B.bassiana1x108CFU/ml (73%), Diatomaceous earth+ M.anisopliae 1x108CFU/ml (72%). It is followed by Diatomaceous earth (68%) and neem oil 3% (42%), B.bassiana 1x108CFU/ml (40%) and M. anisopliae 1x108CFU/ml (36%) was the least effective among all treatments. While, the highest yield 23.2q/ha was obtained from the treatment Diatomaceous earth+neem oil 3% as well as B:C ratio 1:4.1. It was followed by Diatomaceous earth+ B.bassiana1x108CFU/ml (1:3.8), Diatomaceous earth+ M.anisopliae1x108CFU/ml (1:3.7), Diatomaceous earth (1:3.5), neem oil 3% (1:2.4), B.bassiana1x108CFU/ml (1:2.3), M. anisopliae 1x108CFU/ml (1:2.1), as compared to Control (1:0.9).
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Claims 15
Claim · model-written summary
Diatomaceous earth plus neem oil 3% gave the highest reduction of chickpea pod borer population (74%) compared with untreated control.
- Taxon
- Chickpea
Cicer arietinumt0 - Treatment
- Diatomaceous earth+neem oil 3%e1
- Interactor
- H.armigera
_gusano_cogollero.png?width=60)
Helicoverpa armigerae5pest - Outcome
- population reduction of chickpea pod borere1
- Direction
- higheste1
- Value
- 74%e1
- Comparator
- untreated control (T8)e4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_gusano_cogollero.png?width=500)
Verbatim
t0“Bio- efficacy and Economics of Diatomaceous Earth against Gram Pod Borer [Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner)] in Chickpea with Combination of Beauveria bassiana, Metarhizium anisopliae and Neem Oil”
e1“the highest per cent population reduction of chickpea pod borer was recorded in Diatomaceous earth+neem oil 3% (74%) followed by Diatomaceous earth+ B.bassiana1x108CFU/ml (73%)”
e4“untreated control (T8) was evaluated against chickpea pod borer”
e5“chickpea pod borer (H.armigera)”
Claim · model-written summary
Diatomaceous earth plus B. bassiana 1x108 CFU/ml reduced chickpea pod borer population by 73%, followed by the neem combination.
- Taxon
- ChickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- Diatomaceous earth+ B.bassiana1x108CFU/mle1
- Interactor
- H.armigeraHelicoverpa armigerae5pest
- Second interactor
- B.bassiana
Beauveria bassianae1biocontrol_agent - Outcome
- population reduction of chickpea pod borere1
- Direction
- followed bye1
- Value
- 73%e1
- Comparator
- untreated control (T8)e4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Bio- efficacy and Economics of Diatomaceous Earth against Gram Pod Borer [Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner)] in Chickpea with Combination of Beauveria bassiana, Metarhizium anisopliae and Neem Oil”
e1“the highest per cent population reduction of chickpea pod borer was recorded in Diatomaceous earth+neem oil 3% (74%) followed by Diatomaceous earth+ B.bassiana1x108CFU/ml (73%)”
e4“untreated control (T8) was evaluated against chickpea pod borer”
e5“chickpea pod borer (H.armigera)”
Claim · model-written summary
Diatomaceous earth plus M. anisopliae 1x108 CFU/ml reduced chickpea pod borer population by 72%.
- Taxon
- ChickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- Diatomaceous earth+ M.anisopliae 1x108CFU/mle2
- Interactor
- H.armigeraHelicoverpa armigerae5pest
- Second interactor
- M.anisopliae
Metarhizium anisopliaee2biocontrol_agent - Outcome
- population reduction of chickpea pod borere1
- Direction
- followed bye1
- Value
- 72%e2
- Comparator
- untreated control (T8)e4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Bio- efficacy and Economics of Diatomaceous Earth against Gram Pod Borer [Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner)] in Chickpea with Combination of Beauveria bassiana, Metarhizium anisopliae and Neem Oil”
e1“the highest per cent population reduction of chickpea pod borer was recorded in Diatomaceous earth+neem oil 3% (74%) followed by Diatomaceous earth+ B.bassiana1x108CFU/ml (73%)”
e2“Diatomaceous earth+ M.anisopliae 1x108CFU/ml (72%)”
e4“untreated control (T8) was evaluated against chickpea pod borer”
e5“chickpea pod borer (H.armigera)”
Claim · model-written summary
Diatomaceous earth alone reduced chickpea pod borer population by 68%.
- Taxon
- ChickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- Diatomaceous earthe3
- Interactor
- H.armigeraHelicoverpa armigerae5pest
- Outcome
- population reduction of chickpea pod borere1
- Direction
- followed bye1
- Value
- 68%e3
- Comparator
- untreated control (T8)e4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Bio- efficacy and Economics of Diatomaceous Earth against Gram Pod Borer [Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner)] in Chickpea with Combination of Beauveria bassiana, Metarhizium anisopliae and Neem Oil”
e1“the highest per cent population reduction of chickpea pod borer was recorded in Diatomaceous earth+neem oil 3% (74%) followed by Diatomaceous earth+ B.bassiana1x108CFU/ml (73%)”
e3“It is followed by Diatomaceous earth (68%) and neem oil 3% (42%), B.bassiana 1x108CFU/ml (40%) and M. anisopliae 1x108CFU/ml (36%) was the least effective among all treatments”
e4“untreated control (T8) was evaluated against chickpea pod borer”
e5“chickpea pod borer (H.armigera)”
Claim · model-written summary
Neem oil 3% alone reduced chickpea pod borer population by 42%.
- Taxon
- ChickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- neem oil 3%e3
- Interactor
- H.armigeraHelicoverpa armigerae5pest
- Outcome
- population reduction of chickpea pod borere1
- Direction
- followed bye3
- Value
- 42%e3
- Comparator
- untreated control (T8)e4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Bio- efficacy and Economics of Diatomaceous Earth against Gram Pod Borer [Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner)] in Chickpea with Combination of Beauveria bassiana, Metarhizium anisopliae and Neem Oil”
e1“the highest per cent population reduction of chickpea pod borer was recorded in Diatomaceous earth+neem oil 3% (74%) followed by Diatomaceous earth+ B.bassiana1x108CFU/ml (73%)”
e3“It is followed by Diatomaceous earth (68%) and neem oil 3% (42%), B.bassiana 1x108CFU/ml (40%) and M. anisopliae 1x108CFU/ml (36%) was the least effective among all treatments”
e4“untreated control (T8) was evaluated against chickpea pod borer”
e5“chickpea pod borer (H.armigera)”
Claim · model-written summary
B. bassiana 1x108 CFU/ml alone reduced chickpea pod borer population by 40%.
- Taxon
- ChickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- B.bassiana 1x108CFU/mle3
- Interactor
- H.armigeraHelicoverpa armigerae5pest
- Second interactor
- B.bassianaBeauveria bassianae3biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- population reduction of chickpea pod borere1
- Direction
- followed bye3
- Value
- 40%e3
- Comparator
- untreated control (T8)e4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Bio- efficacy and Economics of Diatomaceous Earth against Gram Pod Borer [Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner)] in Chickpea with Combination of Beauveria bassiana, Metarhizium anisopliae and Neem Oil”
e1“the highest per cent population reduction of chickpea pod borer was recorded in Diatomaceous earth+neem oil 3% (74%) followed by Diatomaceous earth+ B.bassiana1x108CFU/ml (73%)”
e3“It is followed by Diatomaceous earth (68%) and neem oil 3% (42%), B.bassiana 1x108CFU/ml (40%) and M. anisopliae 1x108CFU/ml (36%) was the least effective among all treatments”
e4“untreated control (T8) was evaluated against chickpea pod borer”
e5“chickpea pod borer (H.armigera)”
Claim · model-written summary
M. anisopliae 1x108 CFU/ml alone was the least effective treatment, reducing chickpea pod borer population by 36%.
- Taxon
- ChickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- M. anisopliae 1x108CFU/mle3
- Interactor
- H.armigeraHelicoverpa armigerae5pest
- Second interactor
- M. anisopliaeMetarhizium anisopliaee3biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- population reduction of chickpea pod borere1
- Direction
- least effectivee3
- Value
- 36%e3
- Comparator
- untreated control (T8)e4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Bio- efficacy and Economics of Diatomaceous Earth against Gram Pod Borer [Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner)] in Chickpea with Combination of Beauveria bassiana, Metarhizium anisopliae and Neem Oil”
e1“the highest per cent population reduction of chickpea pod borer was recorded in Diatomaceous earth+neem oil 3% (74%) followed by Diatomaceous earth+ B.bassiana1x108CFU/ml (73%)”
e3“It is followed by Diatomaceous earth (68%) and neem oil 3% (42%), B.bassiana 1x108CFU/ml (40%) and M. anisopliae 1x108CFU/ml (36%) was the least effective among all treatments”
e4“untreated control (T8) was evaluated against chickpea pod borer”
e5“chickpea pod borer (H.armigera)”
Claim · model-written summary
Diatomaceous earth plus neem oil 3% gave the highest yield of chickpea, 23.2 q/ha.
- Taxon
- ChickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- Diatomaceous earth+neem oil 3%e6
- Outcome
- yielde6
- Direction
- higheste6
- Value
- 23.2q/hae6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Bio- efficacy and Economics of Diatomaceous Earth against Gram Pod Borer [Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner)] in Chickpea with Combination of Beauveria bassiana, Metarhizium anisopliae and Neem Oil”
e6“the highest yield 23.2q/ha was obtained from the treatment Diatomaceous earth+neem oil 3%”
Claim · model-written summary
Diatomaceous earth plus neem oil 3% gave a B:C ratio of 1:4.1, higher than the control.
- Taxon
- ChickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- Diatomaceous earth+neem oil 3%e6
- Outcome
- B:C ratioe7
- Direction
- higherinferrede0
- Value
- 1:4.1e7
- Comparator
- Controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Bio- efficacy and Economics of Diatomaceous Earth against Gram Pod Borer [Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner)] in Chickpea with Combination of Beauveria bassiana, Metarhizium anisopliae and Neem Oil”
e6“the highest yield 23.2q/ha was obtained from the treatment Diatomaceous earth+neem oil 3%”
e7“as well as B:C ratio 1:4.1”
e0“It was followed by Diatomaceous earth+ B.bassiana1x108CFU/ml (1:3.8), Diatomaceous earth+ M.anisopliae1x108CFU/ml (1:3.7), Diatomaceous earth (1:3.5), neem oil 3% (1:2.4), B.bassiana1x108CFU/ml (1:2.3), M. anisopliae 1x108CFU/ml (1:2.1), as compared to Control (1:0.9)”
Claim · model-written summary
Diatomaceous earth plus B. bassiana gave a B:C ratio of 1:3.8, higher than the control.
- Taxon
- ChickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- Diatomaceous earth+ B.bassiana1x108CFU/mle2
- Outcome
- B:C ratioe1
- Direction
- higherinferrede2
- Value
- 1:3.8e2
- Comparator
- Controle2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Bio- efficacy and Economics of Diatomaceous Earth against Gram Pod Borer [Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner)] in Chickpea with Combination of Beauveria bassiana, Metarhizium anisopliae and Neem Oil”
e1“as well as B:C ratio 1:4.1”
e2“It was followed by Diatomaceous earth+ B.bassiana1x108CFU/ml (1:3.8), Diatomaceous earth+ M.anisopliae1x108CFU/ml (1:3.7), Diatomaceous earth (1:3.5), neem oil 3% (1:2.4), B.bassiana1x108CFU/ml (1:2.3), M. anisopliae 1x108CFU/ml (1:2.1), as compared to Control (1:0.9)”
Claim · model-written summary
Diatomaceous earth plus M. anisopliae gave a B:C ratio of 1:3.7, higher than the control.
- Taxon
- ChickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- Diatomaceous earth+ M.anisopliae1x108CFU/mle2
- Outcome
- B:C ratioe1
- Direction
- higherinferrede2
- Value
- 1:3.7e2
- Comparator
- Controle2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Bio- efficacy and Economics of Diatomaceous Earth against Gram Pod Borer [Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner)] in Chickpea with Combination of Beauveria bassiana, Metarhizium anisopliae and Neem Oil”
e1“as well as B:C ratio 1:4.1”
e2“It was followed by Diatomaceous earth+ B.bassiana1x108CFU/ml (1:3.8), Diatomaceous earth+ M.anisopliae1x108CFU/ml (1:3.7), Diatomaceous earth (1:3.5), neem oil 3% (1:2.4), B.bassiana1x108CFU/ml (1:2.3), M. anisopliae 1x108CFU/ml (1:2.1), as compared to Control (1:0.9)”
Claim · model-written summary
Diatomaceous earth alone gave a B:C ratio of 1:3.5, higher than the control.
- Taxon
- ChickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- Diatomaceous earthe2
- Outcome
- B:C ratioe1
- Direction
- higherinferrede2
- Value
- 1:3.5e2
- Comparator
- Controle2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Bio- efficacy and Economics of Diatomaceous Earth against Gram Pod Borer [Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner)] in Chickpea with Combination of Beauveria bassiana, Metarhizium anisopliae and Neem Oil”
e1“as well as B:C ratio 1:4.1”
e2“It was followed by Diatomaceous earth+ B.bassiana1x108CFU/ml (1:3.8), Diatomaceous earth+ M.anisopliae1x108CFU/ml (1:3.7), Diatomaceous earth (1:3.5), neem oil 3% (1:2.4), B.bassiana1x108CFU/ml (1:2.3), M. anisopliae 1x108CFU/ml (1:2.1), as compared to Control (1:0.9)”
Claim · model-written summary
Neem oil 3% alone gave a B:C ratio of 1:2.4, higher than the control.
- Taxon
- ChickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- neem oil 3%e2
- Outcome
- B:C ratioe1
- Direction
- higherinferrede2
- Value
- 1:2.4e2
- Comparator
- Controle2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Bio- efficacy and Economics of Diatomaceous Earth against Gram Pod Borer [Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner)] in Chickpea with Combination of Beauveria bassiana, Metarhizium anisopliae and Neem Oil”
e1“as well as B:C ratio 1:4.1”
e2“It was followed by Diatomaceous earth+ B.bassiana1x108CFU/ml (1:3.8), Diatomaceous earth+ M.anisopliae1x108CFU/ml (1:3.7), Diatomaceous earth (1:3.5), neem oil 3% (1:2.4), B.bassiana1x108CFU/ml (1:2.3), M. anisopliae 1x108CFU/ml (1:2.1), as compared to Control (1:0.9)”
Claim · model-written summary
B. bassiana 1x108 CFU/ml alone gave a B:C ratio of 1:2.3, higher than the control.
- Taxon
- ChickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- B.bassiana1x108CFU/mle2
- Outcome
- B:C ratioe1
- Direction
- higherinferrede2
- Value
- 1:2.3e2
- Comparator
- Controle2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Bio- efficacy and Economics of Diatomaceous Earth against Gram Pod Borer [Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner)] in Chickpea with Combination of Beauveria bassiana, Metarhizium anisopliae and Neem Oil”
e1“as well as B:C ratio 1:4.1”
e2“It was followed by Diatomaceous earth+ B.bassiana1x108CFU/ml (1:3.8), Diatomaceous earth+ M.anisopliae1x108CFU/ml (1:3.7), Diatomaceous earth (1:3.5), neem oil 3% (1:2.4), B.bassiana1x108CFU/ml (1:2.3), M. anisopliae 1x108CFU/ml (1:2.1), as compared to Control (1:0.9)”
Claim · model-written summary
M. anisopliae 1x108 CFU/ml alone gave a B:C ratio of 1:2.1, higher than the control.
- Taxon
- ChickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- M. anisopliae 1x108CFU/mle2
- Outcome
- B:C ratioe1
- Direction
- higherinferrede2
- Value
- 1:2.1e2
- Comparator
- Controle2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Bio- efficacy and Economics of Diatomaceous Earth against Gram Pod Borer [Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner)] in Chickpea with Combination of Beauveria bassiana, Metarhizium anisopliae and Neem Oil”
e1“as well as B:C ratio 1:4.1”
e2“It was followed by Diatomaceous earth+ B.bassiana1x108CFU/ml (1:3.8), Diatomaceous earth+ M.anisopliae1x108CFU/ml (1:3.7), Diatomaceous earth (1:3.5), neem oil 3% (1:2.4), B.bassiana1x108CFU/ml (1:2.3), M. anisopliae 1x108CFU/ml (1:2.1), as compared to Control (1:0.9)”
The same questions in other papers
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See all 25 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.