Abstract
Salinity is one of the environmental stresses that most cause losses in agricultural systems, including tomato production. Brassinosteroids, such as epibrassinolide (EBL), have multiple actions in essential processes in plants. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the contributions of EBL to the growth, physiology, and production of tomato plants under salinity. The experiment was conducted in a factorial scheme, with five levels of water salinity (0.5 [the control], 1.5, 3.0, 4.5, and 6.0 dS m-1) and two concentrations of EBL (0 and 10-6 M). Salt stress reduced tomato growth, relative water content, membrane integrity, gas exchange, and fruit production. However, the exogenous application of EBL attenuated the adverse effects, partially improving these characteristics at all salinity levels. EBL reduced electrolyte leakage and increased membrane integrity and relative water content in control and stressed plants. Additionally, it increased the content of photosynthetic pigments, stomatal conductance, transpiration, and photosynthesis, which led to higher leaf dry mass production, fruit transverse diameter, and production per plant. Therefore, our results confirmed that foliar application of EBL improved the characteristics of stressed and non-stressed tomato plants.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stress reduced tomato growth.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicume0 - Treatment
- Salt stresse0
- Outcome
- growthe0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Salt stress reduced tomato growth, relative water content, membrane integrity, gas exchange, and fruit production”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stress reduced relative water content, membrane integrity and gas exchange in tomato.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- Salt stresse0
- Outcome
- relative water content, membrane integrity, gas exchangee0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Salt stress reduced tomato growth, relative water content, membrane integrity, gas exchange, and fruit production”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stress reduced tomato fruit production.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- Salt stresse0
- Outcome
- fruit productione0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Salt stress reduced tomato growth, relative water content, membrane integrity, gas exchange, and fruit production”
Claim · model-written summary
EBL partly improved growth, physiology and production at every salinity level.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- exogenous application of EBLe0
- Outcome
- these characteristicse0
- Direction
- partially improvinge0
- Qualifier
- at all salinity levelse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the exogenous application of EBL attenuated the adverse effects, partially improving these characteristics at all salinity levels”
e1“tomato plants under salinity”
Claim · model-written summary
EBL reduced electrolyte leakage in control and salt-stressed tomato.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- EBLe0
- Outcome
- electrolyte leakagee0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Qualifier
- in control and stressed plantse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“EBL reduced electrolyte leakage and increased membrane integrity and relative water content in control and stressed plants”
e1“tomato plants under salinity”
Claim · model-written summary
EBL increased membrane integrity and relative water content in control and stressed tomato.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- EBLe0
- Outcome
- membrane integrity and relative water contente0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- in control and stressed plantse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“EBL reduced electrolyte leakage and increased membrane integrity and relative water content in control and stressed plants”
e1“tomato plants under salinity”
Claim · model-written summary
EBL increased photosynthetic pigment content, stomatal conductance and transpiration.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume2
- Treatment
- EBLe1
- Outcome
- content of photosynthetic pigments, stomatal conductance, transpiratione0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“it increased the content of photosynthetic pigments, stomatal conductance, transpiration, and photosynthesis”
e1“EBL reduced electrolyte leakage”
e2“tomato plants under salinity”
Claim · model-written summary
EBL increased photosynthesis.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume2
- Treatment
- EBLe1
- Outcome
- photosynthesise0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“it increased the content of photosynthetic pigments, stomatal conductance, transpiration, and photosynthesis”
e1“EBL reduced electrolyte leakage”
e2“tomato plants under salinity”
Claim · model-written summary
EBL led to greater tomato leaf dry mass production.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume2
- Treatment
- EBLe1
- Outcome
- leaf dry mass productione0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“which led to higher leaf dry mass production, fruit transverse diameter, and production per plant”
e1“EBL reduced electrolyte leakage”
e2“tomato plants under salinity”
Claim · model-written summary
EBL led to greater fruit transverse diameter and production per plant.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume2
- Treatment
- EBLe1
- Outcome
- fruit transverse diameter, and production per plante0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“which led to higher leaf dry mass production, fruit transverse diameter, and production per plant”
e1“EBL reduced electrolyte leakage”
e2“tomato plants under salinity”
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