Abstract
Microbial bio-products are becoming an appealing and viable alternative to chemical pesticides for effective management of crop diseases. These bio-products are known to have potential to minimize agrochemical applications without losing crop yield and also restore soil fertility and productivity. In this study, the inhibitory efficacy of 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol (DAPG) produced by Pseudomonas fluorescens VSMKU3054 against Ralstonia solanacearum was assessed. Biochemical and functional characterization study revealed that P. fluorescens produced hydrogen cyanide (HCN), siderophore, indole acetic acid (IAA) and hydrolytic enzymes such as amylase, protease, cellulase and chitinase, and had the ability to solubilize phosphate. The presence of the key antimicrobial encoding gene in the biosynthesis of 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol (DAPG) was identified by PCR. The maximum growth and antimicrobial activity of P. fluorescens was observed in king’s B medium at pH 7, 37 °C and 36 h of growth. Glucose and tryptone were found to be the most suitable carbon and nitrogen sources, respectively. DAPG was separated by silica column chromatography and identified by various methods such as UV-Vis, FT-IR, GC-MS and NMR spectroscopy. When R. solanacearum cells were exposed to DAPG at 90 µg/mL, the cell viability was decreased, reactive oxygen species (ROS) were increased and chromosomal DNA was damaged. Application of P. fluorescens and DAPG significantly reduced the bacterial wilt incidence. In addition, P. fluorescens was also found effective in promoting the growth of tomato seedlings. It is concluded that the indigenous isolate P. fluorescens VSMKU3054 could be used as a suitable biocontrol agent against bacterial wilt disease of tomato.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Application of P. fluorescens and DAPG significantly reduced tomato bacterial wilt incidence.
- Taxon
- Tomato
Solanum lycopersicumt0 - Treatment
- Application of P. fluorescens and DAPGe5
- Interactor
- Ralstonia solanacearum
Ralstonia solanacearumt0pathogen - Second interactor
- P. fluorescens
.JPG?width=60)
Pseudomonas fluorescense5biocontrol_agent - Outcome
- bacterial wilt incidencee5
- Direction
- reducede5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.JPG?width=500)
Verbatim
t0“Management of Tomato Bacterial Wilt Caused by Ralstonia solanacearum”
e5“Application of P. fluorescens and DAPG significantly reduced the bacterial wilt incidence”
Claim · model-written summary
DAPG at 90 µg/mL decreased the cell viability of Ralstonia solanacearum.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- DAPG at 90 µg/mLe4
- Interactor
- R. solanacearumRalstonia solanacearume4pathogen
- Outcome
- cell viabilitye4
- Direction
- decreasede4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Management of Tomato Bacterial Wilt Caused by Ralstonia solanacearum”
e4“When R. solanacearum cells were exposed to DAPG at 90 µg/mL, the cell viability was decreased, reactive oxygen species (ROS) were increased and chromosomal DNA was damaged”
Claim · model-written summary
DAPG at 90 µg/mL increased reactive oxygen species in Ralstonia solanacearum.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- DAPG at 90 µg/mLe4
- Interactor
- R. solanacearumRalstonia solanacearume4pathogen
- Outcome
- reactive oxygen species (ROS)e4
- Direction
- increasede4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Management of Tomato Bacterial Wilt Caused by Ralstonia solanacearum”
e4“When R. solanacearum cells were exposed to DAPG at 90 µg/mL, the cell viability was decreased, reactive oxygen species (ROS) were increased and chromosomal DNA was damaged”
Claim · model-written summary
DAPG at 90 µg/mL damaged the chromosomal DNA of Ralstonia solanacearum.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- DAPG at 90 µg/mLe4
- Interactor
- R. solanacearumRalstonia solanacearume4pathogen
- Outcome
- chromosomal DNA was damagede4
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Management of Tomato Bacterial Wilt Caused by Ralstonia solanacearum”
e4“When R. solanacearum cells were exposed to DAPG at 90 µg/mL, the cell viability was decreased, reactive oxygen species (ROS) were increased and chromosomal DNA was damaged”
Claim · model-written summary
Pseudomonas fluorescens produced hydrogen cyanide, siderophore and indole acetic acid.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Interactor
- P. fluorescensPseudomonas fluorescense0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- hydrogen cyanide (HCN), siderophore, indole acetic acid (IAA)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Management of Tomato Bacterial Wilt Caused by Ralstonia solanacearum”
e0“P. fluorescens produced hydrogen cyanide (HCN), siderophore, indole acetic acid (IAA) and hydrolytic enzymes such as amylase, protease, cellulase and chitinase, and had the ability to solubilize phosphate”
Claim · model-written summary
Pseudomonas fluorescens produced hydrolytic enzymes such as amylase, protease, cellulase and chitinase.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Interactor
- P. fluorescensPseudomonas fluorescense0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- hydrolytic enzymes such as amylase, protease, cellulase and chitinasee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Management of Tomato Bacterial Wilt Caused by Ralstonia solanacearum”
e0“P. fluorescens produced hydrogen cyanide (HCN), siderophore, indole acetic acid (IAA) and hydrolytic enzymes such as amylase, protease, cellulase and chitinase, and had the ability to solubilize phosphate”
Claim · model-written summary
Pseudomonas fluorescens solubilized phosphate.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Interactor
- P. fluorescensPseudomonas fluorescense0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- solubilize phosphatee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Management of Tomato Bacterial Wilt Caused by Ralstonia solanacearum”
e0“P. fluorescens produced hydrogen cyanide (HCN), siderophore, indole acetic acid (IAA) and hydrolytic enzymes such as amylase, protease, cellulase and chitinase, and had the ability to solubilize phosphate”
Claim · model-written summary
The key antimicrobial encoding gene for DAPG biosynthesis was identified by PCR.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Gene
- key antimicrobial encoding genee1
- Outcome
- presence of the key antimicrobial encoding genee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Management of Tomato Bacterial Wilt Caused by Ralstonia solanacearum”
e1“The presence of the key antimicrobial encoding gene in the biosynthesis of 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol (DAPG) was identified by PCR”
Claim · model-written summary
DAPG was identified by UV-Vis, FT-IR, GC-MS and NMR spectroscopy.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Compound
- DAPGe3
- Outcome
- identified by various methods such as UV-Vis, FT-IR, GC-MS and NMR spectroscopye3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Management of Tomato Bacterial Wilt Caused by Ralstonia solanacearum”
e3“DAPG was separated by silica column chromatography and identified by various methods such as UV-Vis, FT-IR, GC-MS and NMR spectroscopy”
Claim · model-written summary
Maximum growth and antimicrobial activity of P. fluorescens occurred in King’s B medium at pH 7, 37 °C and 36 h.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- king’s B medium at pH 7, 37 °C and 36 h of growthe2
- Interactor
- P. fluorescensPseudomonas fluorescense2biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- maximum growth and antimicrobial activitye2
- Direction
- maximume2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Management of Tomato Bacterial Wilt Caused by Ralstonia solanacearum”
e2“The maximum growth and antimicrobial activity of P. fluorescens was observed in king’s B medium at pH 7, 37 °C and 36 h of growth”
Claim · model-written summary
Glucose and tryptone were the most suitable carbon and nitrogen sources for P. fluorescens.
- Taxon
- TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Compound
- Glucose and tryptonee2
- Outcome
- most suitable carbon and nitrogen sourcese2
- Direction
- most suitablee2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Management of Tomato Bacterial Wilt Caused by Ralstonia solanacearum”
e2“Glucose and tryptone were found to be the most suitable carbon and nitrogen sources, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Pseudomonas fluorescens promoted the growth of tomato seedlings.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume6
- Treatment
- P. fluorescense6
- Interactor
- P. fluorescensPseudomonas fluorescense6symbiont
- Outcome
- growthe6
- Direction
- promotinge6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“P. fluorescens was also found effective in promoting the growth of tomato seedlings”
The same questions in other papers
Pseudomonas fluorescens · growth · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Positive and negative results
33 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- no effect
32 papers more in this group
See all 36 papers →phosphorus · Ralstonia solanacearum · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.