Abstract
A field experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of tillage and nutrient management practices on the performance of subsequent wheat and maize in the rice-based cropping system at Agriculture and Forestry University (AFU), Rampur, Chitwan, Nepal during November 2018-May 2019. The experiment was executed in a split-plot for evaluating two establishment methods viz. (i) zero tillage followed after (fa) conventionally tilled dry direct seeded rice ( ZT fa CT-DDSR) (ii) conventional tillage followed after puddled transplanted rice (CT fa Pu-TPR) and four nutrient management practices, i.e. (i) recommended dose (100% RDF; 80:60:40 and 180:90:60 N:P2O5:K2O kg/ha for wheat and maize respectively), (ii) Residue retention of rice crop @ 5 t/ha + 75% RDF (RR +75% RDF), (iii) Nutrient expert (NE) dose (140:60:45; 150:50:90 N:P2O5:K2O kg/ha for wheat and maize respectively), (iv) Rice residue @ 3.5 t/ha +75% RDF of each crop followed after brown/green manuring of Sesbania in rice (R+75% RDF fa BM/GM) and the treatments were replicated thrice. The data on yield (rice equivalent yield), yield attributes, and economics were recorded and analyzed by R studio. The study revealed that none of the yield attributes and rice equivalent yield of wheat were significantly influenced by the tillage methods but maize had significantly higher number of grains per cob under CT fa Pu-TPR and significantly higher (8.9%) yield under ZT fa CT-DDSR. NE assisted nutrient management practice produced significantly a greater number of spike (281.9 per m2 ) and grains per spike (44.5 and higher straw yield (5.9 t/ha) for wheat crop and also showed better performance for maize as well. Maize had yield advantage of 21% and 14% when planted after BM/GM practices in rice and residue mulched condition respectively. The rice equivalent yield of wheat was 21% and 16% more under NE dose and R+75% RDF fa BM/GM respectively compared to 100% RDF. NE dose was the most profitable in terms of B:C ratio for both the wheat (1.9) and maize (3.0). Hence, tillage methods were indifferent for wheat but ZT fa CT-DDSR was significantly productive for maize and NE dose was the best nutrient management practice for better productivity and profitability for the wheat and maize in the rice-based cropping system in inner Terai of Nepal.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Wheat yield attributes and rice equivalent yield were not significantly influenced by tillage.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume0 - Treatment
- tillage methodse0
- Outcome
- yield attributes and rice equivalent yielde0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“none of the yield attributes and rice equivalent yield of wheat were significantly influenced by the tillage methods”
Claim · model-written summary
Maize grains per cob were significantly higher under CT fa Pu-TPR.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“maize had significantly higher number of grains per cob under CT fa Pu-TPR”
Claim · model-written summary
Maize yield was significantly higher by 8.9% under ZT fa CT-DDSR.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“significantly higher (8.9%) yield under ZT fa CT-DDSR”
t0“Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
NE management gave wheat 281.9 spikes per square metre.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- NE assisted nutrient management practicee0
- Outcome
- number of spikee0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Value
- 281.9 per m2e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“NE assisted nutrient management practice produced significantly a greater number of spike (281.9 per m2 )”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
NE management gave wheat 44.5 grains per spike.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- grains per spikee0
- Value
- 44.5e0
Not reportedTreatmentComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“grains per spike (44.5”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
NE management gave wheat higher straw yield of 5.9 t/ha.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Outcome
- straw yielde0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 5.9 t/hae0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“higher straw yield (5.9 t/ha) for wheat crop”
Claim · model-written summary
Maize performed better under NE assisted nutrient management.
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“also showed better performance for maize as well”
Claim · model-written summary
Maize had a 21% yield advantage following BM/GM practices.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Maize had yield advantage of 21% and 14% when planted after BM/GM practices in rice and residue mulched condition respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Maize had a 14% yield advantage following residue mulching.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Maize had yield advantage of 21% and 14% when planted after BM/GM practices in rice and residue mulched condition respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Wheat rice equivalent yield was 21% more under NE dose than 100% RDF.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- NE dosee0
- Outcome
- rice equivalent yielde0
- Direction
- moree0
- Value
- 21%e0
- Comparator
- 100% RDFe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“rice equivalent yield of wheat was 21% and 16% more under NE dose and R+75% RDF fa BM/GM respectively compared to 100% RDF”
Claim · model-written summary
Wheat rice equivalent yield was 16% more under R+75% RDF fa BM/GM than 100% RDF.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- R+75% RDF fa BM/GMe0
- Outcome
- rice equivalent yielde0
- Direction
- moree0
- Value
- 16%e0
- Comparator
- 100% RDFe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“rice equivalent yield of wheat was 21% and 16% more under NE dose and R+75% RDF fa BM/GM respectively compared to 100% RDF”
Claim · model-written summary
NE dose had the best wheat benefit-cost ratio, 1.9.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- NE dosee0
- Outcome
- B:C ratioe0
- Direction
- most profitablee0
- Value
- 1.9e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“NE dose was the most profitable in terms of B:C ratio for both the wheat (1.9)”
Claim · model-written summary
NE dose had the best maize benefit-cost ratio, 3.0.
- Value
- 3.0e0
Not reportedTreatmentComparatorOutcomeDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“maize (3.0)”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend NE dose for wheat and maize productivity and profitability.
- Taxon
- wheat and maizeTriticum aestivum
Zea mayse0 - Treatment
- NE dosee0
- Outcome
- better productivity and profitabilitye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“NE dose was the best nutrient management practice for better productivity and profitability for the wheat and maize”
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