Abstract
It has been shown that the joint application of phosphorus (P) and ammonium (N-NH+4) increases maize root proliferation and P acquisition by maize in alkaline soils, but this has not been shown in acidic soils for legumes. A greenhouse experiment was conducted to assess the effect of the joint application of P and NH4+ on soybean root growth and P acquisition. Soybean was grown in glass-walled pots without P, with monoammonium phosphate (MAP) and triple super phosphate (TSP) applied on the soil surface or localized. The soil P increased irrespective of the P source and localization. The rhizosphere pH was decreased by MAP, while the soil bulk pH was not affected. The TSP increased the root length by 55% and MAP by 76% over the control, and the number of root tips increased by 21% with TSP, 58% with MAP applied on the soil surface, and 78% with MAP localized. The soybean dry matter, N and P uptake, and P use efficiency were increased by P fertilization, mainly with MAP localized. The joint application of P and ammonium decreases the soybean rhizosphere pH, which results in root proliferation early in the cycle, and eventually in higher P uptake and use efficiency.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
TSP increased soybean root length by 55% relative to the control in a greenhouse experiment.
- Taxon
- Soybean
Glycine maxe0 - Treatment
- TSPe2
- Outcome
- root lengthe2
- Direction
- increasede2
- Value
- 55%e2
- Comparator
- controle2
- Setting
- greenhousee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soybean was grown in glass-walled pots without P, with monoammonium phosphate (MAP) and triple super phosphate (TSP) applied on the soil surface or localized”
e1“A greenhouse experiment was conducted”
e2“The TSP increased the root length by 55% and MAP by 76% over the control”
Claim · model-written summary
MAP increased soybean root length by 76% relative to the control in a greenhouse experiment.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- MAPe2
- Outcome
- root lengthe2
- Direction
- increasede2
- Value
- 76%e2
- Comparator
- controle2
- Setting
- greenhousee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soybean was grown in glass-walled pots without P, with monoammonium phosphate (MAP) and triple super phosphate (TSP) applied on the soil surface or localized”
e1“A greenhouse experiment was conducted”
e2“The TSP increased the root length by 55% and MAP by 76% over the control”
Claim · model-written summary
TSP increased the number of soybean root tips by 21% relative to the control in a greenhouse experiment.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- TSPe3
- Outcome
- number of root tipse3
- Direction
- increasede3
- Value
- 21%e3
- Comparator
- controle2
- Setting
- greenhousee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soybean was grown in glass-walled pots without P, with monoammonium phosphate (MAP) and triple super phosphate (TSP) applied on the soil surface or localized”
e1“A greenhouse experiment was conducted”
e2“The TSP increased the root length by 55% and MAP by 76% over the control”
e3“the number of root tips increased by 21% with TSP, 58% with MAP applied on the soil surface, and 78% with MAP localized”
Claim · model-written summary
MAP applied on the soil surface increased the number of soybean root tips by 58% in a greenhouse experiment.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- MAP applied on the soil surfacee3
- Outcome
- number of root tipse3
- Direction
- increasede3
- Value
- 58%e3
- Comparator
- controle2
- Setting
- greenhousee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soybean was grown in glass-walled pots without P, with monoammonium phosphate (MAP) and triple super phosphate (TSP) applied on the soil surface or localized”
e1“A greenhouse experiment was conducted”
e2“The TSP increased the root length by 55% and MAP by 76% over the control”
e3“the number of root tips increased by 21% with TSP, 58% with MAP applied on the soil surface, and 78% with MAP localized”
Claim · model-written summary
Localized MAP increased the number of soybean root tips by 78% in a greenhouse experiment.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- MAP localizede3
- Outcome
- number of root tipse3
- Direction
- increasede3
- Value
- 78%e3
- Comparator
- controle2
- Setting
- greenhousee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soybean was grown in glass-walled pots without P, with monoammonium phosphate (MAP) and triple super phosphate (TSP) applied on the soil surface or localized”
e1“A greenhouse experiment was conducted”
e2“The TSP increased the root length by 55% and MAP by 76% over the control”
e3“the number of root tips increased by 21% with TSP, 58% with MAP applied on the soil surface, and 78% with MAP localized”
Claim · model-written summary
P fertilization increased soybean dry matter, N uptake and P uptake, mainly with localized MAP, in a greenhouse experiment.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- P fertilizatione4
- Outcome
- dry matter, N and P uptakee4
- Direction
- increasede4
- Qualifier
- mainly with MAP localizede4
- Setting
- greenhousee1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soybean was grown in glass-walled pots without P, with monoammonium phosphate (MAP) and triple super phosphate (TSP) applied on the soil surface or localized”
e1“A greenhouse experiment was conducted”
e4“The soybean dry matter, N and P uptake, and P use efficiency were increased by P fertilization, mainly with MAP localized”
Claim · model-written summary
P fertilization increased soybean P use efficiency, mainly with localized MAP, in a greenhouse experiment.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- P fertilizatione4
- Outcome
- P use efficiencye4
- Direction
- increasede4
- Qualifier
- mainly with MAP localizede4
- Setting
- greenhousee1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soybean was grown in glass-walled pots without P, with monoammonium phosphate (MAP) and triple super phosphate (TSP) applied on the soil surface or localized”
e1“A greenhouse experiment was conducted”
e4“The soybean dry matter, N and P uptake, and P use efficiency were increased by P fertilization, mainly with MAP localized”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil P increased irrespective of P source and placement in the soybean pot experiment.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- P source and localizatione5
- Outcome
- soil Pe5
- Direction
- increasede5
- Comparator
- without Pe0
- Setting
- greenhousee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soybean was grown in glass-walled pots without P, with monoammonium phosphate (MAP) and triple super phosphate (TSP) applied on the soil surface or localized”
e1“A greenhouse experiment was conducted”
e5“The soil P increased irrespective of the P source and localization”
Claim · model-written summary
MAP decreased the soybean rhizosphere pH.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- MAPe6
- Outcome
- rhizosphere pHe6
- Direction
- decreasede6
- Setting
- greenhousee1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soybean was grown in glass-walled pots without P, with monoammonium phosphate (MAP) and triple super phosphate (TSP) applied on the soil surface or localized”
e1“A greenhouse experiment was conducted”
e6“The rhizosphere pH was decreased by MAP, while the soil bulk pH was not affected”
Claim · model-written summary
MAP did not affect the soybean soil bulk pH.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- MAPe6
- Outcome
- soil bulk pHe6
- Direction
- not affectede6
- Setting
- greenhousee1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soybean was grown in glass-walled pots without P, with monoammonium phosphate (MAP) and triple super phosphate (TSP) applied on the soil surface or localized”
e1“A greenhouse experiment was conducted”
e6“The rhizosphere pH was decreased by MAP, while the soil bulk pH was not affected”
Claim · model-written summary
The joint application of P and ammonium decreases the soybean rhizosphere pH, which the authors link to root proliferation early in the cycle.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- joint application of P and ammoniume7
- Outcome
- root proliferatione7
- Qualifier
- decreases the soybean rhizosphere pHe7
- Setting
- greenhousee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soybean was grown in glass-walled pots without P, with monoammonium phosphate (MAP) and triple super phosphate (TSP) applied on the soil surface or localized”
e1“A greenhouse experiment was conducted”
e7“The joint application of P and ammonium decreases the soybean rhizosphere pH, which results in root proliferation early in the cycle, and eventually in higher P uptake and use efficiency”
Claim · model-written summary
The joint application of P and ammonium is associated with higher soybean P uptake and P use efficiency.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- joint application of P and ammoniume7
- Outcome
- P uptake and use efficiencye7
- Direction
- highere7
- Setting
- greenhousee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soybean was grown in glass-walled pots without P, with monoammonium phosphate (MAP) and triple super phosphate (TSP) applied on the soil surface or localized”
e1“A greenhouse experiment was conducted”
e7“The joint application of P and ammonium decreases the soybean rhizosphere pH, which results in root proliferation early in the cycle, and eventually in higher P uptake and use efficiency”
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