Abstract
Abstract Vesicular‐arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (VAMF) can reduce plant stress resulting from nutrient deficiencies, drought, and other factors. The objective of this work was to measure the effect of soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.] and grain sorghum [ Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] rotation and fertilization on plant response and VAMF root colonization and diversity, and relate effects to soil environment. Fertilizer treatments consisted of no fertilizer, N, and manure. Rooting densities correlated with previous crop, VAMF colonization, and soil NO 3 . Root colonization by VAMF was affected by previous crop, rooting density, N fertilization, soil P, and water‐filled pore space. Root colonization by VAMF ranged from 93% at 15 cm to 15% at the 120‐cm soil depth. Root density and VAMF colonization were least when soybean was grown the previous year and manure was applied. Root colonization by VAMF for control, N, and manure treatments were 54, 53, and 30%, respectively, for continuous soybean and 61, 55, and 44%, respectively, for soybean from rotation plots. Root colonization by VAMF for control, N, and manure treatments were 69, 59, and 54%, respectively, for continuous grain sorghum and 56, 48, and 31%, respectively, for grain sorghum from rotation plots. These agricultural soils contained a diverse mixture of 26 VAMF species, which is probably a major factor in the region's soil productivity. Plants stressed due to cropping system or fertilizer practice have greater VAMF colonization and VAMF activity. A diverse VAMF population could increase the ability of VAMF to respond to different stresses.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Rooting density correlated with previous crop, VAMF colonization and soil nitrate.
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxe1 - Treatment
- previous crope0
- Interactor
- VAMFe0symbiont
- Outcome
- Rooting densitiese0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Rooting densities correlated with previous crop, VAMF colonization, and soil NO 3 .”
e1“soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.]”
Claim · model-written summary
VAMF root colonization was affected by previous crop, rooting density, nitrogen fertilization, soil phosphorus and pore water.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe1
- Treatment
- N fertilizatione0
- Interactor
- VAMFe0symbiont
- Outcome
- Root colonization by VAMFe0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Root colonization by VAMF was affected by previous crop, rooting density, N fertilization, soil P, and water‐filled pore space.”
e1“soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.]”
Claim · model-written summary
VAMF colonization ranged from 93% at 15 cm depth to 15% at 120 cm.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe1
- Interactor
- VAMFe0symbiont
- Outcome
- Root colonization by VAMFe0
- Value
- 93% at 15 cm to 15%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Root colonization by VAMF ranged from 93% at 15 cm to 15% at the 120‐cm soil depth.”
e1“soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.]”
Claim · model-written summary
Root density was lowest following soybean with manure.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe1
- Treatment
- manuree0
- Outcome
- Root densitye0
- Direction
- leaste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Root density and VAMF colonization were least when soybean was grown the previous year and manure was applied.”
e1“soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.]”
Claim · model-written summary
VAMF colonization was lowest following soybean with manure.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe1
- Treatment
- manuree0
- Interactor
- VAMFe0symbiont
- Outcome
- VAMF colonizatione0
- Direction
- leaste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Root density and VAMF colonization were least when soybean was grown the previous year and manure was applied.”
e1“soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.]”
Claim · model-written summary
Continuous soybean VAMF colonization was 54% under control, 53% under N and 30% under manure.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- control, N, and manure treatmentse0
- Interactor
- VAMFe0symbiont
- Outcome
- Root colonization by VAMFe0
- Value
- 54, 53, and 30%e0
- Qualifier
- continuous soybeane0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Root colonization by VAMF for control, N, and manure treatments were 54, 53, and 30%, respectively, for continuous soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Continuous sorghum VAMF colonization was 69% under control, 59% under N and 54% under manure.
- Taxon
- grain sorghum
Sorghum bicolore0 - Treatment
- control, N, and manure treatmentse0
- Interactor
- VAMFe0symbiont
- Outcome
- Root colonization by VAMFe0
- Value
- 69, 59, and 54%e0
- Qualifier
- continuous grain sorghume0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Root colonization by VAMF for control, N, and manure treatments were 69, 59, and 54%, respectively, for continuous grain sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
The agricultural soils contained 26 VAMF species.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe1
- Interactor
- VAMFe0symbiont
- Outcome
- VAMF speciese0
- Value
- 26 VAMF speciese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“These agricultural soils contained a diverse mixture of 26 VAMF species”
e1“soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.]”
Claim · model-written summary
Crop or fertilizer stress was associated with greater VAMF colonization and activity.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe1
- Treatment
- cropping system or fertilizer practicee0
- Interactor
- VAMFe0symbiont
- Outcome
- VAMF colonization and VAMF activitye0
- Direction
- greatere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plants stressed due to cropping system or fertilizer practice have greater VAMF colonization and VAMF activity.”
e1“soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.]”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest VAMF diversity could improve responses to different stresses.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe1
- Interactor
- VAMFe0symbiont
- Outcome
- ability of VAMF to respond to different stressese0
- Qualifier
- A diverse VAMF populatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A diverse VAMF population could increase the ability of VAMF to respond to different stresses.”
e1“soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.]”
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See all 418 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.