Abstract
Nitrogen (N) fertilizer-use efficiency (20 − 50%) is low in wheat fields in India. Coated urea can increase N-use efficiency in wheat, but a desirable coating for use with urea is not widely accepted yet. Therefore, to study the efficacy of coated urea on productivity and economics of wheat, an experiment was conducted at Research Farm of SKUAST-J, India, during winter season of 2017 − 2018 and 2018 − 2019. The experiment was laid out in a randomized block design with 11 treatment combinations, replicated thrice. The treatments comprised of various doses of different types of coated urea viz prilled urea, Neem coated urea (NCU), Zinc coated urea (ZnCU), and Neem + Zinc coated urea (NCU + ZnCU). Different doses of coated urea fertilizers showed significant effect on the growth, yield, economics, and nutrient uptake of wheat crop. Application of 100% of recommended (Rec.) nitrogen (N) through ZnCU + Rec. Phosphorus (P), Potassium (K) and Zinc (Zn) (T8) showed significantly better growth, yield attributing characters and grain and straw yield, during both the years of study and remained statistically at par with the application of 85% of Rec. N through ZnCU + Rec. P, K, & Zn (T7), 100% of Rec. N through NCU + ZnCU + Rec. P, K, & Zn (T11), 85% of Rec. N through NCU + ZnCU + Rec. P, K, & Zn(T10) and 100% of Rec. N through NCU + Rec. P, K, & Zn (T5).Similarly, nutrient uptake (N, K and Zn), net returns, and B:C ratio were also observed to be significantly higher with the application of 100% of Rec. N through ZnCU + Rec. P, K, & Zn than other treatments. However, maximum mean Agronomic use efficiency (AUE) and Recovery use efficiency (RUE) of 36.2% and 30.0%, respectively, were found with the application of 85% of Rec. N through ZnCU + Rec. P, K, & Zn (T7) over the application of100% of Rec. N through urea + Rec. P, K, & Zn(T2).
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Coated urea doses significantly affected wheat growth, yield, economics and nutrient uptake.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume0 - Treatment
- Different doses of coated urea fertilizerse0
- Outcome
- growth, yield, economics, and nutrient uptakee0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Different doses of coated urea fertilizers showed significant effect on the growth, yield, economics, and nutrient uptake of wheat crop.”
Claim · model-written summary
T8 produced significantly better growth during both study years.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- 100% of recommended (Rec.) nitrogen (N) through ZnCU + Rec. Phosphorus (P), Potassium (K) and Zinc (Zn) (T8)e0
- Outcome
- growthe0
- Direction
- bettere0
- Qualifier
- during both the years of studye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of 100% of recommended (Rec.) nitrogen (N) through ZnCU + Rec. Phosphorus (P), Potassium (K) and Zinc (Zn) (T8) showed significantly better growth, yield attributing characters and grain and straw yield, during both the years of study and remained statistically at par with the application of 85% of Rec. N through ZnCU + Rec. P, K, & Zn (T7), 100% of Rec. N through NCU + ZnCU + Rec. P, K, & Zn (T11), 85% of Rec. N through NCU + ZnCU + Rec. P, K, & Zn(T10) and 100% of Rec. N through NCU + Rec. P, K, & Zn (T5).”
t0“wheat (Triticum aestivum)”
Claim · model-written summary
T8 produced significantly better yield attributing characters during both study years.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- 100% of recommended (Rec.) nitrogen (N) through ZnCU + Rec. Phosphorus (P), Potassium (K) and Zinc (Zn) (T8)e0
- Outcome
- yield attributing characterse0
- Direction
- bettere0
- Qualifier
- during both the years of studye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of 100% of recommended (Rec.) nitrogen (N) through ZnCU + Rec. Phosphorus (P), Potassium (K) and Zinc (Zn) (T8) showed significantly better growth, yield attributing characters and grain and straw yield, during both the years of study and remained statistically at par with the application of 85% of Rec. N through ZnCU + Rec. P, K, & Zn (T7), 100% of Rec. N through NCU + ZnCU + Rec. P, K, & Zn (T11), 85% of Rec. N through NCU + ZnCU + Rec. P, K, & Zn(T10) and 100% of Rec. N through NCU + Rec. P, K, & Zn (T5).”
t0“wheat (Triticum aestivum)”
Claim · model-written summary
T8 produced significantly better grain and straw yield during both study years.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- 100% of recommended (Rec.) nitrogen (N) through ZnCU + Rec. Phosphorus (P), Potassium (K) and Zinc (Zn) (T8)e0
- Outcome
- grain and straw yielde0
- Direction
- bettere0
- Qualifier
- during both the years of studye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of 100% of recommended (Rec.) nitrogen (N) through ZnCU + Rec. Phosphorus (P), Potassium (K) and Zinc (Zn) (T8) showed significantly better growth, yield attributing characters and grain and straw yield, during both the years of study and remained statistically at par with the application of 85% of Rec. N through ZnCU + Rec. P, K, & Zn (T7), 100% of Rec. N through NCU + ZnCU + Rec. P, K, & Zn (T11), 85% of Rec. N through NCU + ZnCU + Rec. P, K, & Zn(T10) and 100% of Rec. N through NCU + Rec. P, K, & Zn (T5).”
t0“wheat (Triticum aestivum)”
Claim · model-written summary
T8 was statistically comparable with T7, T11, T10 and T5 for the reported growth and yield traits.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- growth, yield attributing characters and grain and straw yielde0
- Direction
- statistically at pare0
- Qualifier
- during both the years of studye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of 100% of recommended (Rec.) nitrogen (N) through ZnCU + Rec. Phosphorus (P), Potassium (K) and Zinc (Zn) (T8) showed significantly better growth, yield attributing characters and grain and straw yield, during both the years of study and remained statistically at par with the application of 85% of Rec. N through ZnCU + Rec. P, K, & Zn (T7), 100% of Rec. N through NCU + ZnCU + Rec. P, K, & Zn (T11), 85% of Rec. N through NCU + ZnCU + Rec. P, K, & Zn(T10) and 100% of Rec. N through NCU + Rec. P, K, & Zn (T5).”
t0“wheat (Triticum aestivum)”
Claim · model-written summary
T8 significantly increased nutrient uptake (N, K and Zn) relative to other treatments.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- 100% of Rec. N through ZnCU + Rec. P, K, & Zne0
- Outcome
- nutrient uptake (N, K and Zn)e0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- other treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Similarly, nutrient uptake (N, K and Zn), net returns, and B:C ratio were also observed to be significantly higher with the application of 100% of Rec. N through ZnCU + Rec. P, K, & Zn than other treatments.”
t0“wheat (Triticum aestivum)”
Claim · model-written summary
T8 significantly increased net returns relative to other treatments.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- 100% of Rec. N through ZnCU + Rec. P, K, & Zne0
- Outcome
- net returnse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- other treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Similarly, nutrient uptake (N, K and Zn), net returns, and B:C ratio were also observed to be significantly higher with the application of 100% of Rec. N through ZnCU + Rec. P, K, & Zn than other treatments.”
t0“wheat (Triticum aestivum)”
Claim · model-written summary
T8 significantly increased B:C ratio relative to other treatments.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- 100% of Rec. N through ZnCU + Rec. P, K, & Zne0
- Outcome
- B:C ratioe0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- other treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Similarly, nutrient uptake (N, K and Zn), net returns, and B:C ratio were also observed to be significantly higher with the application of 100% of Rec. N through ZnCU + Rec. P, K, & Zn than other treatments.”
t0“wheat (Triticum aestivum)”
Claim · model-written summary
T7 yielded maximum mean Agronomic use efficiency (AUE) of 36.2% over T2.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- 85% of Rec. N through ZnCU + Rec. P, K, & Zn (T7)e0
- Outcome
- Agronomic use efficiency (AUE)e0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 36.2%e0
- Comparator
- 100% of Rec. N through urea + Rec. P, K, & Zn(T2)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“However, maximum mean Agronomic use efficiency (AUE) and Recovery use efficiency (RUE) of 36.2% and 30.0%, respectively, were found with the application of 85% of Rec. N through ZnCU + Rec. P, K, & Zn (T7) over the application of100% of Rec. N through urea + Rec. P, K, & Zn(T2).”
t0“wheat (Triticum aestivum)”
Claim · model-written summary
T7 yielded maximum mean Recovery use efficiency (RUE) of 30.0% over T2.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- 85% of Rec. N through ZnCU + Rec. P, K, & Zn (T7)e0
- Outcome
- Recovery use efficiency (RUE)e0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 30.0%e0
- Comparator
- 100% of Rec. N through urea + Rec. P, K, & Zn(T2)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“However, maximum mean Agronomic use efficiency (AUE) and Recovery use efficiency (RUE) of 36.2% and 30.0%, respectively, were found with the application of 85% of Rec. N through ZnCU + Rec. P, K, & Zn (T7) over the application of100% of Rec. N through urea + Rec. P, K, & Zn(T2).”
t0“wheat (Triticum aestivum)”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.