Abstract
TWO field experiments were carried out at Desert Research Center (D.R.C.), Agricultural Experimental Station at EL-Kharga, New Valley Governorate, during the two summer growing seasons of 2010 and 2011, these experiments aimed to study the effect of biofertilization (Azotobacter chroococcum, Bacillus megatherium (PDB) and mixture of two isolates) and silicon spraying rates (200, 400, 600,800 and 1000 mg/L.) against control on the productivity of Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) by using cultivar Sakha 53. The experiments were laid out in a split-plot design with four replicates. Foliar application of silicon treatments was arranged in the main plots and biofertilization treatments in the sub-plots. Results showed that both spraying silicon and biofertilization treatments had an enhancement effect on plant height, number of leaves, leaves surface area, fresh and dry weight of leaves/plant and stem diameter, also head diameter, seeds number/head and 100-seed weight as well as seed and straw yields. Moreover, seed oil percentage and oil yield. The enhancement effect of all above-mentioned traits with inoculation of Azotobacter chroococcum, PDB individual or mixed compared with the control treatment (without biofertilization). Also, a remarkable influence of the interaction between silicon foliar application and biofertilization treatments on all yield and yield components. Results also indicated significant microbial activity in rhizosphere soil expressed by total microbial counts, CO2 evolution, Azotobacter and Phosphate dissolving bacteria counts and Enzymatic activities (Dehydrogenase,Nitrogenase and Phosphatase) exhibited a positive response in all treatments compared to uninoculated control.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon spraying improved sunflower vegetative growth traits.
- Taxon
- Sunflower
Helianthus annuust0 - Treatment
- spraying silicone0
- Outcome
- plant height, number of leaves, leaves surface areae0
- Direction
- enhancemente0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“both spraying silicon and biofertilization treatments had an enhancement effect on plant height, number of leaves, leaves surface area, fresh and dry weight of leaves/plant and stem diameter”
t0“Sunflower”
Claim · model-written summary
Biofertilization improved sunflower vegetative growth traits.
- Taxon
- SunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- biofertilization treatmentse0
- Outcome
- fresh and dry weight of leaves/plant and stem diametere0
- Direction
- enhancemente0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“both spraying silicon and biofertilization treatments had an enhancement effect on plant height, number of leaves, leaves surface area, fresh and dry weight of leaves/plant and stem diameter”
t0“Sunflower”
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon spraying improved sunflower head and seed yield components.
- Taxon
- SunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- Sunflowert0
- Outcome
- head diameter, seeds number/head and 100-seed weighte0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“also head diameter, seeds number/head and 100-seed weight as well as seed and straw yields”
t0“Sunflower”
Claim · model-written summary
Biofertilization improved seed and straw yields and oil measures.
- Taxon
- SunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- inoculation of Azotobacter chroococcume0
- Interactor
- Azotobacter chroococcumAzotobacter chroococcume0symbiont
- Outcome
- all above-mentioned traitse0
- Direction
- enhancemente0
- Comparator
- control treatment (without biofertilization)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The enhancement effect of all above-mentioned traits with inoculation of Azotobacter chroococcum, PDB individual or mixed compared with the control treatment (without biofertilization)”
t0“Sunflower”
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon and biofertilizer interactions influenced yield and its components.
- Taxon
- SunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- silicon foliar application and biofertilization treatmentse0
- Outcome
- all yield and yield componentse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a remarkable influence of the interaction between silicon foliar application and biofertilization treatments on all yield and yield components”
t0“Sunflower”
Claim · model-written summary
Treatments increased rhizosphere microbial counts and carbon dioxide evolution.
- Taxon
- SunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- all treatmentse0
- Outcome
- total microbial counts, CO2 evolutione0
- Direction
- positive responsee0
- Comparator
- uninoculated controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“significant microbial activity in rhizosphere soil expressed by total microbial counts, CO2 evolution, Azotobacter and Phosphate dissolving bacteria counts and Enzymatic activities (Dehydrogenase,Nitrogenase and Phosphatase) exhibited a positive response in all treatments compared to uninoculated control”
t0“Sunflower”
Claim · model-written summary
Treatments increased rhizosphere microbial and enzyme activities.
- Taxon
- SunflowerHelianthus annuust0
- Treatment
- all treatmentse0
- Outcome
- Azotobacter and Phosphate dissolving bacteria countse0
- Direction
- positive responsee0
- Comparator
- uninoculated controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Azotobacter and Phosphate dissolving bacteria counts and Enzymatic activities (Dehydrogenase,Nitrogenase and Phosphatase) exhibited a positive response in all treatments compared to uninoculated control”
t0“Sunflower”
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