Abstract
A pot experiment was conducted to find out effect of gibberellic acid (GA), salicylic acid (SA) and sodium nitroprusside as nitric oxide donor (NO) separately or in combination to mitigate the deviations in physiological parameters evaluated in maize while drought imposed post germination stage. Maize seeds after soaking in 10-4 M of above mention chemicals were sown in pots filled with soil. The leaves were sampled at post germination stage. Results indicated that under drought stress, carotenoid and anthocyanin contents increased significantly while chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b remained unchanged at 5% level of significance. Pre-treatment of solution comprising SA, GA and interaction of GA+SA enhanced the content of these pigments under drought stress. While sodium nitroprusside slightly increased chlorophyll a and b content under drought. Sugar and protein decreased due to drought stress and sugar enhanced due to effect of NO only but protein content did not increase by any one of applying hormones under drought stress. Likewise GA and SA enhanced accumulation of proline which acts as osmolyte and scavenger of free radical to defend cell injury against drought stress. Similarly activities of oxidative enzymes such as peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase increased under drought stress and responded differentially by GA, SA etc, while ascorbate peroxidase and catalase activities decreased due to drought stress which became increased by effect of NO. Results revealed that pretreatment of seeds with GA, SA, GA+SA and NO are effective to tolerate the effect of drought stress in maize at post germination stage. Keywords: Drought, Enzymes, Maize, osmolyte, Pigments DOI: 10.7176/JBAH/11-15-01 Publication date: August 31 st 2021
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Drought significantly increased maize carotenoid and anthocyanin contents.
- Organ / stage
- post germination stagee1
- Treatment
- drought stresse0
- Outcome
- carotenoid and anthocyanin contentse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Zea maysNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“under drought stress, carotenoid and anthocyanin contents increased significantly”
e1“evaluated in maize while drought imposed post germination stage”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought did not significantly change chlorophyll a or b.
- Organ / stage
- post germination stagee1
- Treatment
- droughte1
- Outcome
- chlorophyll a and chlorophyll be0
- Direction
- remained unchangede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b remained unchanged at 5% level of significance”
e1“evaluated in maize while drought imposed post germination stage”
Claim · model-written summary
SA, GA and GA+SA pretreatments enhanced pigment content during drought.
- Treatment
- SA, GA and interaction of GA+SAe0
- Outcome
- content of these pigmentse0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Qualifier
- under drought stresse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Pre-treatment of solution comprising SA, GA and interaction of GA+SA enhanced the content of these pigments under drought stress.”
e1“evaluated in maize while drought imposed post germination stage”
Claim · model-written summary
Sodium nitroprusside slightly increased chlorophyll a and b under drought.
- Treatment
- sodium nitroprussidee0
- Outcome
- chlorophyll a and b contente0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- under droughte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“sodium nitroprusside slightly increased chlorophyll a and b content under drought”
e1“evaluated in maize while drought imposed post germination stage”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought reduced sugar and protein content.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sugar and protein decreased due to drought stress”
e1“evaluated in maize while drought imposed post germination stage”
Claim · model-written summary
NO increased sugar under drought.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“sugar enhanced due to effect of NO only”
e1“evaluated in maize while drought imposed post germination stage”
Claim · model-written summary
Hormone application did not increase protein under drought.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“protein content did not increase by any one of applying hormones under drought stress”
e1“evaluated in maize while drought imposed post germination stage”
Claim · model-written summary
GA and SA increased proline accumulation.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“GA and SA enhanced accumulation of proline”
e1“evaluated in maize while drought imposed post germination stage”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought increased peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase activities.
- Treatment
- drought stresse0
- Outcome
- activities of oxidative enzymes such as peroxidase and polyphenol oxidasee0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“activities of oxidative enzymes such as peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase increased under drought stress”
e1“evaluated in maize while drought imposed post germination stage”
Claim · model-written summary
GA and SA had differing effects on oxidative enzymes.
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“responded differentially by GA, SA etc”
e1“activities of oxidative enzymes such as peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase increased under drought stress”
e2“evaluated in maize while drought imposed post germination stage”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought decreased ascorbate peroxidase and catalase activities.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ascorbate peroxidase and catalase activities decreased due to drought stress”
e1“evaluated in maize while drought imposed post germination stage”
Claim · model-written summary
NO increased ascorbate peroxidase and catalase activities under drought.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ascorbate peroxidase and catalase activities decreased due to drought stress which became increased by effect of NO”
e1“evaluated in maize while drought imposed post germination stage”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude that GA, SA, GA+SA and NO seed pretreatments help maize tolerate post-germination drought.
- Organ / stage
- post germination stagee0
- Treatment
- GA, SA, GA+SA and NOe0
- Outcome
- effective to tolerate the effect of drought stresse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“pretreatment of seeds with GA, SA, GA+SA and NO are effective to tolerate the effect of drought stress in maize at post germination stage”
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drought · quality: protein · Zea mays (maize)Results differ
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See all 60 papers →8 of 10 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.