Abstract
Developing high yielding varieties of bread wheat under low soil-N conditions is an important goal for plant breeder in order to overcome the negative impacts of using high rates of N fertilizers. This will lead to a significant reduction in nitrogen fertilizer use. The objective of this investigation was to study the effects of low-N environment (E), genotype (G) and G x E interaction on grain yield and quality traits of wheat F 1 and F 2 diallel crosses and their contrasting parents in N use efficiency. Genetic materials were evaluated at two seasons (2007/2008 and 2008/2009) in a split-plot design with lattice arrangement, using three replications. Main plots were assigned to N levels (0 and 75 kg N/fed), while sup-plots were devoted to genotypes. Data were analyzed across the two seasons. Low-N caused significant reductions in all studied grain yield components and grain protein content (GPC) in parents, F 1 's and F 2 's. The lowest reduction occurred in harvest index (HI), while spikes/plant (SPP) showed the greatest reduction, indicating that SPP is the most determinant component of GYPP. The first three parents L25, L26 and L27 showed significantly higher means than the second three parents Gem7, Gem 9 and Gz168 for most studied grain yield components and GPC trait. The F 1 and F 2 crosses involving one or more of the first three parents showed higher values of one or more of grain yield component traits than crosses that involved parents of the second group. In general, F 1 crosses showed higher means for all studied grain yield and quality traits than their parents. The rank of crosses in F 1 and F 2 generation for most studied traits was changed from one environment (N-level) to another, indicating a significant G x N interaction. Some F 2 -progenies under N-limited environment exhibited higher values of GYPP and HI, suggesting transgressive effects in these characteristics, and that selection practiced in such F 2 populations could be effective in developing low-N tolerant genotypes.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Low nitrogen significantly reduced grain yield components and grain protein content.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- Low-Ne0
- Outcome
- grain yield components and grain protein content (GPC)e0
- Direction
- reductionse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Low-N caused significant reductions in all studied grain yield components and grain protein content (GPC) in parents, F 1 's and F 2 's”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Harvest index showed the smallest reduction under low nitrogen.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- harvest index (HI)e0
- Direction
- lowest reductione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The lowest reduction occurred in harvest index (HI)”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Spikes per plant showed the greatest reduction under low nitrogen.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- spikes/plant (SPP)e0
- Direction
- greatest reductione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“spikes/plant (SPP) showed the greatest reduction”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
L25, L26 and L27 exceeded Gem7, Gem 9 and Gz168 for most yield components and grain protein content.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- L25, L26 and L27e0
- Outcome
- grain yield components and GPC traite0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- Gem7, Gem 9 and Gz168e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The first three parents L25, L26 and L27 showed significantly higher means than the second three parents Gem7, Gem 9 and Gz168 for most studied grain yield components and GPC trait”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Crosses involving the first parent group had higher yield component values than crosses of the second group.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- F 1 and F 2 crossese0
- Outcome
- grain yield component traitse0
- Direction
- highere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The F 1 and F 2 crosses involving one or more of the first three parents showed higher values of one or more of grain yield component traits than crosses that involved parents of the second group”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
F1 crosses generally exceeded their parents for yield and quality traits.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- F 1 crossese0
- Outcome
- grain yield and quality traitse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- their parentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“F 1 crosses showed higher means for all studied grain yield and quality traits than their parents”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Cross rankings changed between nitrogen environments, indicating significant genotype by nitrogen interaction.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- crosses in F 1 and F 2 generatione0
- Treatment
- N-levele0
- Outcome
- rank of crossese0
- Direction
- changede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The rank of crosses in F 1 and F 2 generation for most studied traits was changed from one environment (N-level) to another, indicating a significant G x N interaction”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Some F2 progenies under nitrogen limitation had higher grain yield per plant and harvest index.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- F 2 -progeniese0
- Outcome
- GYPP and HIe0
- Direction
- highere0
- Setting
- N-limited environmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Some F 2 -progenies under N-limited environment exhibited higher values of GYPP and HI”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest selection in these F2 populations could develop low nitrogen tolerant genotypes.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- F 2 populationse0
- Outcome
- developing low-N tolerant genotypese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“selection practiced in such F 2 populations could be effective in developing low-N tolerant genotypes”
t0“Wheat”
The same questions in other papers
nitrogen · quality: protein · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
53 papers in the same direction as this paper · 400 in the opposite direction
- positive
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- positive
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See all 454 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.