Abstract
Nickel is considered to be an essential micronutrient in plants because of its role in the metalloenzyme urease. In order to characterize the metabolic consequences of Ni deprivation, the significance of Ni supply for growth and N metabolism of rice plants grown with either NH4NO3 or urea as sole N source was evaluated. Growth of plants receiving NH4NO3 was not affected by the Ni status, and neither were the activities of arginase and glutamine synthetase. However, urease activity was not detectable in leaves of low-Ni plants, which in conjunction with arginase action, led to the accumulation of urea in plants grown with NH4NO3. Amino acid contents and mineral nutrient status (except Ni) were not affected by the Ni treatment. Urea-grown Ni-deprived plants showed reduced growth and accumulated large amounts of urea owing to the lack of urease activity. These plants were further characterized by low amino acid contents indicating impaired usage of the N supplied. They also exhibited reduced levels of the urea precursor arginine, which is merely attributed to the overall N economy in these plant. When urea-grown plants were supplied with 0.5 mmol m−3 Ni in the nutrient solution, the dry weight and the amino acid N contents were increased at the expense of the urea contents, indicating efficient use of urea N in Ni-supplemented plants. A critical Ni concentration in the shoot regarding dry matter production of NH4NO3-grown plants could not be deduced, while 25 μg Ni kg−1 DW is certainly inadequate for urea-grown plants. This suggests that the Ni requirement strongly depends on the N source employed.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Ni status did not affect growth of rice grown with NH4NO3.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativat0 - Treatment
- Ni statuse0
- Outcome
- Growthe0
- Direction
- not affectede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
e0“Growth of plants receiving NH4NO3 was not affected by the Ni status, and neither were the activities of arginase and glutamine synthetase”
Claim · model-written summary
Ni status did not affect arginase and glutamine synthetase activities in rice grown with NH4NO3.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Ni statuse0
- Outcome
- the activities of arginase and glutamine synthetasee0
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
e0“Growth of plants receiving NH4NO3 was not affected by the Ni status, and neither were the activities of arginase and glutamine synthetase”
Claim · model-written summary
Urease activity was not detectable in leaves of low-Ni rice plants.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- leavese1
- Treatment
- low-Nie1
- Outcome
- urease activitye1
- Direction
- not detectablee1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
e1“urease activity was not detectable in leaves of low-Ni plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Low-Ni rice grown with NH4NO3 accumulated urea, with arginase action involved.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- plants grown with NH4NO3e2
- Outcome
- accumulation of ureae2
- Direction
- increaseinferrede2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
e2“which in conjunction with arginase action, led to the accumulation of urea in plants grown with NH4NO3”
Claim · model-written summary
Amino acid contents and mineral nutrient status (except Ni) of rice were not affected by Ni treatment.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Ni treatmente3
- Outcome
- Amino acid contents and mineral nutrient status (except Ni)e3
- Direction
- not affectede3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
e3“Amino acid contents and mineral nutrient status (except Ni) were not affected by the Ni treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
Urea-grown Ni-deprived rice showed reduced growth.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
e4“Urea-grown Ni-deprived plants showed reduced growth and accumulated large amounts of urea owing to the lack of urease activity”
Claim · model-written summary
Urea-grown Ni-deprived rice accumulated large amounts of urea owing to lack of urease activity.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Ni-deprivede4
- Outcome
- accumulated large amounts of ureae4
- Direction
- increaseinferrede4
- Qualifier
- owing to the lack of urease activitye4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
e4“Urea-grown Ni-deprived plants showed reduced growth and accumulated large amounts of urea owing to the lack of urease activity”
Claim · model-written summary
Urea-grown Ni-deprived rice had low amino acid contents.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Ni-deprivede4
- Outcome
- amino acid contentse5
- Direction
- lowerinferrede5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
e4“Urea-grown Ni-deprived plants showed reduced growth and accumulated large amounts of urea owing to the lack of urease activity”
e5“These plants were further characterized by low amino acid contents”
Claim · model-written summary
Urea-grown Ni-deprived rice had reduced levels of the urea precursor arginine.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Ni-deprivede4
- Outcome
- levels of the urea precursor argininee6
- Direction
- reducede6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
e4“Urea-grown Ni-deprived plants showed reduced growth and accumulated large amounts of urea owing to the lack of urease activity”
e6“exhibited reduced levels of the urea precursor arginine”
Claim · model-written summary
Supplying 0.5 mmol m−3 Ni to urea-grown rice increased dry weight and amino acid N contents.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- 0.5 mmol m−3 Nie7
- Outcome
- the dry weight and the amino acid N contentse7
- Direction
- increasede7
- Qualifier
- urea-grown plantse7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
e7“When urea-grown plants were supplied with 0.5 mmol m−3 Ni in the nutrient solution, the dry weight and the amino acid N contents were increased at the expense of the urea contents”
Claim · model-written summary
Supplying 0.5 mmol m−3 Ni to urea-grown rice decreased urea contents.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- 0.5 mmol m−3 Nie7
- Outcome
- the urea contentse7
- Direction
- decreaseinferrede7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
e7“When urea-grown plants were supplied with 0.5 mmol m−3 Ni in the nutrient solution, the dry weight and the amino acid N contents were increased at the expense of the urea contents”
Claim · model-written summary
A critical shoot Ni concentration for dry matter production of NH4NO3-grown rice could not be deduced.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- shoote7
- Treatment
- NH4NO3-grown plantse7
- Outcome
- A critical Ni concentration in the shoot regarding dry matter productione7
- Qualifier
- could not be deducede7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
e7“A critical Ni concentration in the shoot regarding dry matter production of NH4NO3-grown plants could not be deduced”
Claim · model-written summary
A Ni supply of 25 μg Ni kg−1 DW is certainly inadequate for urea-grown rice.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- urea-grown plantse7
- Outcome
- is certainly inadequatee7
- Value
- 25 μg Ni kg−1 DWe7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
e7“25 μg Ni kg−1 DW is certainly inadequate for urea-grown plants”
Claim · model-written summary
The Ni requirement of rice depends strongly on the N source employed.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- N sourcee7
- Outcome
- the Ni requiremente7
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“rice (Oryza sativa L.)”
e7“the Ni requirement strongly depends on the N source employed”
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