Abstract
The remediation of potentially toxic element-polluted soils can be accomplished through the use of microbial and plant-assisted bioremediation. A total of 32 bacteria were isolated from soil samples contaminated with potentially toxic elements. The isolated bacterial strain DG-20 showed high tolerance to cadmium (up to 18 mM) and also showed bioaccumulative Cd removal properties, as demonstrated by atomic absorption spectroscopy studies. By sequencing the 16S rRNA gene, this strain was identified as Curtobacterium oceanosedimentum. Under stress and normal conditions, isolate DG-20 also produced a wide range of plant growth promoting traits, including ammonia production (51–73 µg/mL) and IAA production (116–183 µg/mL), alongside siderophore production and phosphate solubilization. Additionally, pot experiments were conducted to determine whether the strain could promote Chili growth when Cd salts are present. Over the control, bacterial colonization increased root and shoot lengths significantly up to 58% and 60%, respectively. Following inoculation with the Cd-tolerant strain, the plants also increased in both fresh and dry weight. In both the control and inoculated plants, Cd was accumulated more in roots than in shoots, indicating that Chili was phytostabilizing Cd levels. Besides improving the plant attributes, Cd-tolerant bacteria were also found to increase the amount of total chlorophyll, proline, total phenol, and ascorbic acid in the soil when added to the soil. These results suggest that the inoculant provides protection to plants from negative effects. The results of the present study predict that the combined properties of the tested strain in terms of Cd tolerance and plant growth promotion can be exploited for the purpose of the bioremediation of Cd, and for the improvement of Chili cultivation in soils contaminated with Cd.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Bacterial colonization increased chili root length by up to 58% relative to the control.
- Taxon
- Chili (Capsicum frutescens)
Capsicum frutescenst1 - Treatment
- bacterial colonizatione1
- Interactor
- Curtobacterium oceanosedimentumCurtobacterium oceanosedimentume2symbiont
- Outcome
- root and shoot lengthse1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 58%e1
- Comparator
- controle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Over the control, bacterial colonization increased root and shoot lengths significantly up to 58% and 60%, respectively”
e2“this strain was identified as Curtobacterium oceanosedimentum”
t1“Chili (Capsicum frutescens)”
Claim · model-written summary
Bacterial colonization increased chili shoot length by up to 60% relative to the control.
- Taxon
- Chili (Capsicum frutescens)Capsicum frutescenst1
- Treatment
- bacterial colonizatione1
- Interactor
- Curtobacterium oceanosedimentumCurtobacterium oceanosedimentume2symbiont
- Outcome
- root and shoot lengthse1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 60%e1
- Comparator
- controle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Over the control, bacterial colonization increased root and shoot lengths significantly up to 58% and 60%, respectively”
e2“this strain was identified as Curtobacterium oceanosedimentum”
t1“Chili (Capsicum frutescens)”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculation with the Cd-tolerant strain increased fresh and dry weight of chili relative to the control.
- Taxon
- Chili (Capsicum frutescens)Capsicum frutescenst1
- Treatment
- inoculation with the Cd-tolerant straine3
- Interactor
- Curtobacterium oceanosedimentumCurtobacterium oceanosedimentume2symbiont
- Outcome
- fresh and dry weighte3
- Direction
- increasede3
- Comparator
- controle4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“Following inoculation with the Cd-tolerant strain, the plants also increased in both fresh and dry weight”
e4“Over the control”
e2“this strain was identified as Curtobacterium oceanosedimentum”
t1“Chili (Capsicum frutescens)”
Claim · model-written summary
In both control and inoculated chili plants, Cd accumulated more in roots than in shoots.
- Taxon
- Chili (Capsicum frutescens)Capsicum frutescenst1
- Organ / stage
- rootse5
- Compound
- Cde5
- Outcome
- Cd was accumulated more in roots than in shootse5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“In both the control and inoculated plants, Cd was accumulated more in roots than in shoots”
t1“Chili (Capsicum frutescens)”
Claim · model-written summary
Cd-tolerant bacteria increased the amount of total chlorophyll, proline and total phenol when added to soil.
- Taxon
- Chili (Capsicum frutescens)Capsicum frutescenst1
- Treatment
- Cd-tolerant bacteriae6
- Outcome
- amount of total chlorophyll, proline, total phenole6
- Direction
- increasee6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“Cd-tolerant bacteria were also found to increase the amount of total chlorophyll, proline, total phenol, and ascorbic acid in the soil when added to the soil”
t1“Chili (Capsicum frutescens)”
Claim · model-written summary
Cd-tolerant bacteria increased the amount of ascorbic acid when added to soil.
- Taxon
- Chili (Capsicum frutescens)Capsicum frutescenst1
- Treatment
- Cd-tolerant bacteriae6
- Outcome
- ascorbic acide6
- Direction
- increasee6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“Cd-tolerant bacteria were also found to increase the amount of total chlorophyll, proline, total phenol, and ascorbic acid in the soil when added to the soil”
t1“Chili (Capsicum frutescens)”
Claim · model-written summary
Isolate DG-20 showed high tolerance to cadmium, up to 18 mM.
- Taxon
- Chili (Capsicum frutescens)Capsicum frutescenst1
- Interactor
- DG-20e7symbiont
- Outcome
- high tolerance to cadmiume7
- Value
- up to 18 mMe7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“The isolated bacterial strain DG-20 showed high tolerance to cadmium (up to 18 mM)”
t1“Chili (Capsicum frutescens)”
Claim · model-written summary
Isolate DG-20 produced ammonia at 51–73 µg/mL under stress and normal conditions.
- Taxon
- Chili (Capsicum frutescens)Capsicum frutescenst1
- Interactor
- Curtobacterium oceanosedimentumCurtobacterium oceanosedimentume2symbiont
- Outcome
- ammonia productione3
- Value
- 51–73 µg/mLe3
- Qualifier
- Under stress and normal conditionse4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“including ammonia production (51–73 µg/mL)”
e4“Under stress and normal conditions, isolate DG-20 also produced”
e2“this strain was identified as Curtobacterium oceanosedimentum”
t1“Chili (Capsicum frutescens)”
Claim · model-written summary
Isolate DG-20 produced IAA at 116–183 µg/mL under stress and normal conditions.
- Taxon
- Chili (Capsicum frutescens)Capsicum frutescenst1
- Interactor
- Curtobacterium oceanosedimentumCurtobacterium oceanosedimentume2symbiont
- Outcome
- IAA productione3
- Value
- 116–183 µg/mLe3
- Qualifier
- Under stress and normal conditionse4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“IAA production (116–183 µg/mL)”
e4“Under stress and normal conditions, isolate DG-20 also produced”
e2“this strain was identified as Curtobacterium oceanosedimentum”
t1“Chili (Capsicum frutescens)”
Claim · model-written summary
Isolate DG-20 also produced siderophores and solubilized phosphate under stress and normal conditions.
- Taxon
- Chili (Capsicum frutescens)Capsicum frutescenst1
- Interactor
- Curtobacterium oceanosedimentumCurtobacterium oceanosedimentume2symbiont
- Outcome
- siderophore production and phosphate solubilizatione3
- Qualifier
- Under stress and normal conditionse4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“alongside siderophore production and phosphate solubilization”
e4“Under stress and normal conditions, isolate DG-20 also produced”
e2“this strain was identified as Curtobacterium oceanosedimentum”
t1“Chili (Capsicum frutescens)”
Claim · model-written summary
The combined Cd tolerance and growth promotion of the strain can be exploited for Cd bioremediation and for improving chili cultivation in Cd-contaminated soils.
- Taxon
- Chili (Capsicum frutescens)Capsicum frutescenst1
- Outcome
- bioremediation of Cde3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“can be exploited for the purpose of the bioremediation of Cd”
e4“for the improvement of Chili cultivation in soils contaminated with Cd”
t1“Chili (Capsicum frutescens)”
The same questions in other papers
inoculation · quality: phytochemicals · Capsicum frutescens (hot pepper)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.