Abstract
High temperature during the reproductive stage limits the growth and development of lentil ( Lens culinaris Medikus). The reproductive and seed filling periods are the most sensitive to heat stress, resulting in limited yield and nutritional quality. Climate change causes frequent incidents of heat stress for global food crop production. This study aimed to assess the impact of high temperature during the reproductive stage of lentil on grain yield, nutritional value, and cooking quality. Thirty-six lentil genotypes were evaluated under controlled conditions for their high temperature response. Genotypic variation was significant ( p < 0.001) for all the traits under study. High temperature-induced conditions reduced protein, iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn) concentrations in lentils. Under heat stress conditions, mineral concentrations among lentil genotypes varied from 6.0 to 8.8 mg/100 g for Fe and from 4.9 to 6.6 mg/100 g for Zn. Protein ranged from 21.9 to 24.3 g/100 g. Cooking time was significantly reduced due to high temperature treatment; the range was 3–11 min, while under no stress conditions, cooking time variation was from 5 to 14 min. Phytic acid variation was 0.5–1.2 g/100 g under no stress conditions, while under heat stress conditions, phytic acid ranged from 0.4 to 1.4 g/100 g. All genotypes had highly significant bioavailable Fe and moderately bioavailable Zn under no stress conditions. Whereas under heat stress conditions, Fe and Zn bioavailability was reduced due to increased phytic acid levels. Our results will greatly benefit the development of biofortified lentil cultivars for global breeding programs to generate promising genotypes with low phytic acid and phytic acid/micronutrient ratio to combat micronutrient malnutrition.
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Claims 15
Claim · model-written summary
Lentil genotypes varied significantly for all studied traits.
- Taxon
- lentil
Lens culinarist0 - Material
- Genotypice0
- Outcome
- all the traits under studye0
- Value
- p < 0.001e0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Genotypic variation was significant ( p < 0.001) for all the traits under study.”
t0“Effect of High Temperature Stress During the Reproductive Stage on Grain Yield and Nutritional Quality of Lentil (Lens culinaris Medikus)”
Claim · model-written summary
High temperature reduced lentil protein concentration.
- Taxon
- lentilsLens culinarise0
- Treatment
- High temperature-induced conditionse0
- Outcome
- proteine0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“High temperature-induced conditions reduced protein, iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn) concentrations in lentils.”
Claim · model-written summary
High temperature reduced lentil iron concentration.
- Taxon
- lentilsLens culinarise0
- Treatment
- High temperature-induced conditionse0
- Outcome
- iron (Fe)e0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“High temperature-induced conditions reduced protein, iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn) concentrations in lentils.”
Claim · model-written summary
High temperature reduced lentil zinc concentration.
- Taxon
- lentilsLens culinarise0
- Treatment
- High temperature-induced conditionse0
- Outcome
- zinc (Zn)e0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“High temperature-induced conditions reduced protein, iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn) concentrations in lentils.”
Claim · model-written summary
Under heat stress, iron concentration varied from 6.0 to 8.8 mg/100 g among genotypes.
- Taxon
- lentilLens culinarise0
- Outcome
- Fee0
- Value
- 6.0 to 8.8 mg/100 ge0
- Qualifier
- Under heat stress conditionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under heat stress conditions, mineral concentrations among lentil genotypes varied from 6.0 to 8.8 mg/100 g for Fe”
Claim · model-written summary
Under heat stress, zinc concentration varied from 4.9 to 6.6 mg/100 g.
- Taxon
- lentilLens culinarist0
- Outcome
- Zne0
- Value
- 4.9 to 6.6 mg/100 ge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“and from 4.9 to 6.6 mg/100 g for Zn.”
t0“Effect of High Temperature Stress During the Reproductive Stage on Grain Yield and Nutritional Quality of Lentil (Lens culinaris Medikus)”
Claim · model-written summary
Protein ranged from 21.9 to 24.3 g/100 g.
- Taxon
- lentilLens culinarist0
- Outcome
- Proteine0
- Value
- 21.9 to 24.3 g/100 ge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Protein ranged from 21.9 to 24.3 g/100 g.”
t0“Effect of High Temperature Stress During the Reproductive Stage on Grain Yield and Nutritional Quality of Lentil (Lens culinaris Medikus)”
Claim · model-written summary
Heat treatment significantly shortened cooking time to 3–11 min.
- Taxon
- lentilLens culinarist0
- Treatment
- high temperature treatmente0
- Outcome
- Cooking timee0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 3–11 mine0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cooking time was significantly reduced due to high temperature treatment; the range was 3–11 min”
t0“Effect of High Temperature Stress During the Reproductive Stage on Grain Yield and Nutritional Quality of Lentil (Lens culinaris Medikus)”
Claim · model-written summary
Without heat stress, cooking time varied from 5 to 14 min.
- Taxon
- lentilLens culinarist0
- Outcome
- cooking timee0
- Value
- 5 to 14 mine0
- Qualifier
- under no stress conditionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“under no stress conditions, cooking time variation was from 5 to 14 min.”
t0“Effect of High Temperature Stress During the Reproductive Stage on Grain Yield and Nutritional Quality of Lentil (Lens culinaris Medikus)”
Claim · model-written summary
Without heat stress, phytic acid varied from 0.5 to 1.2 g/100 g.
- Taxon
- lentilLens culinarist0
- Outcome
- Phytic acide0
- Value
- 0.5–1.2 g/100 ge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Phytic acid variation was 0.5–1.2 g/100 g under no stress conditions”
t0“Effect of High Temperature Stress During the Reproductive Stage on Grain Yield and Nutritional Quality of Lentil (Lens culinaris Medikus)”
Claim · model-written summary
Under heat stress, phytic acid ranged from 0.4 to 1.4 g/100 g.
- Taxon
- lentilLens culinarist0
- Outcome
- phytic acide0
- Value
- 0.4 to 1.4 g/100 ge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“under heat stress conditions, phytic acid ranged from 0.4 to 1.4 g/100 g.”
t0“Effect of High Temperature Stress During the Reproductive Stage on Grain Yield and Nutritional Quality of Lentil (Lens culinaris Medikus)”
Claim · model-written summary
All genotypes had highly bioavailable iron under no stress.
- Taxon
- lentilLens culinarist0
- Outcome
- bioavailable Fee0
- Qualifier
- under no stress conditionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“All genotypes had highly significant bioavailable Fe and moderately bioavailable Zn under no stress conditions.”
t0“Effect of High Temperature Stress During the Reproductive Stage on Grain Yield and Nutritional Quality of Lentil (Lens culinaris Medikus)”
Claim · model-written summary
All genotypes had moderately bioavailable zinc under no stress.
- Taxon
- lentilLens culinarist0
- Outcome
- bioavailable Zne0
- Qualifier
- under no stress conditionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“All genotypes had highly significant bioavailable Fe and moderately bioavailable Zn under no stress conditions.”
t0“Effect of High Temperature Stress During the Reproductive Stage on Grain Yield and Nutritional Quality of Lentil (Lens culinaris Medikus)”
Claim · model-written summary
Under heat stress, iron bioavailability fell as phytic acid increased.
- Taxon
- lentilLens culinarist0
- Compound
- phytic acide0
- Outcome
- Fee0
- Direction
- reducede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“under heat stress conditions, Fe and Zn bioavailability was reduced due to increased phytic acid levels.”
t0“Effect of High Temperature Stress During the Reproductive Stage on Grain Yield and Nutritional Quality of Lentil (Lens culinaris Medikus)”
Claim · model-written summary
Under heat stress, zinc bioavailability fell as phytic acid increased.
- Taxon
- lentilLens culinarist0
- Compound
- phytic acide0
- Outcome
- Zn bioavailabilitye0
- Direction
- reducede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“under heat stress conditions, Fe and Zn bioavailability was reduced due to increased phytic acid levels.”
t0“Effect of High Temperature Stress During the Reproductive Stage on Grain Yield and Nutritional Quality of Lentil (Lens culinaris Medikus)”
The same questions in other papers
heat · nutrient: content · Lens culinaris (lentil)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- positive
heat · quality: protein · Lens culinaris (lentil)Results agree
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- negative
- negative
- negative
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.