Abstract
Soil arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi form a mutualistic symbiosis with plant roots and produce many benefits on host plants under potted conditions, while field inoculation of AM fungi on citrus (a woody plant) has been rarely reported. The present study aimed to analyze the changes in mycorrhizal growth, root vitality, and fruit quality of Citrus reticulata Blanco var. Ponkan mandarin cv. Jinshuigan grafted on Poncirus trifoliata L. after inoculation with a mix of AM fungi (Diversispora versiformis, Funneliformis mosseae, and Rhizophagus intraradices) and single F. mosseae. After the second year of AM fungal inoculations, root mycorrhizal colonization (%), root vitality, hyphal length in soil, and easily extractable glomalin-related soil protein content were significantly increased, while difficult-to-extract glomalin-related soil protein content was decreased. Two mycorrhizal fungal inoculation treatments collectively improved fruit quality parameters such as polar diameter, equatorial diameter, the weight of single fruits, fruit peel, and sarcocarp, coloration value, and soluble solids content. Our study, therefore, suggested that field inoculation with AM fungi improved root physiological activities in terms of mycorrhizal growth and root vitality and thus improved fruit quality. The effect of mixed-AM treatment was more significant than that of F. mosseae alone.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
AM inoculation increased root mycorrhizal colonization.
- Taxon
- Citrus reticulata Blanco
.jpg?width=60)
Citrus reticulatae2 - Treatment
- AM fungal inoculationse0
- Outcome
- root mycorrhizal colonization (%)e0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“After the second year of AM fungal inoculations, root mycorrhizal colonization (%)”
t0“Citrus”
e1“After the second year of AM fungal inoculations, root mycorrhizal colonization (%)”
e2“Citrus reticulata Blanco”
Claim · model-written summary
AM inoculation significantly increased root vitality.
CitrusNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“root vitality, hyphal length in soil, and easily extractable glomalin-related soil protein content were significantly increased”
t0“Citrus”
e1“After the second year of AM fungal inoculations, root mycorrhizal colonization (%)”
Claim · model-written summary
AM inoculation significantly increased soil hyphal length.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“hyphal length in soil, and easily extractable glomalin-related soil protein content were significantly increased”
t0“Citrus”
e1“After the second year of AM fungal inoculations, root mycorrhizal colonization (%)”
Claim · model-written summary
AM inoculation increased easily extractable soil glomalin-related protein.
- Treatment
- inoculatione1
- Outcome
- easily extractable glomalin-related soil protein contente0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“easily extractable glomalin-related soil protein content were significantly increased”
t0“Citrus”
e1“After the second year of AM fungal inoculations, root mycorrhizal colonization (%)”
Claim · model-written summary
AM inoculation reduced difficult-to-extract soil glomalin-related protein.
- Treatment
- inoculatione1
- Outcome
- difficult-to-extract glomalin-related soil protein contente0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“difficult-to-extract glomalin-related soil protein content was decreased”
t0“Citrus”
e1“After the second year of AM fungal inoculations, root mycorrhizal colonization (%)”
Claim · model-written summary
Both inoculation treatments improved fruit size and weight traits.
- Treatment
- Two mycorrhizal fungal inoculation treatmentse0
- Outcome
- polar diameter, equatorial diameter, the weight of single fruitse0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Two mycorrhizal fungal inoculation treatments collectively improved fruit quality parameters such as polar diameter, equatorial diameter, the weight of single fruits, fruit peel, and sarcocarp”
t0“Citrus”
e1“After the second year of AM fungal inoculations, root mycorrhizal colonization (%)”
Claim · model-written summary
Both inoculation treatments improved fruit coloration and soluble solids.
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“coloration value, and soluble solids content”
t0“Citrus”
e1“After the second year of AM fungal inoculations, root mycorrhizal colonization (%)”
Claim · model-written summary
Mixed AM treatment had a stronger effect than F. mosseae alone.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The effect of mixed-AM treatment was more significant than that of F. mosseae alone”
t0“Citrus”
e1“After the second year of AM fungal inoculations, root mycorrhizal colonization (%)”
The same questions in other papers
inoculation · disease · Citrus reticulata (tangerine)Positive and negative results
3 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- no effect
3 papers more in this group
See all 7 papers →inoculation · growth · CitrusPositive and negative results
16 papers in the same direction as this paper · 5 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- negative
18 papers more in this group
See all 22 papers →mycorrhiza · growth · CitrusResults agree
9 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
6 papers more in this group
See all 10 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.