Abstract
'Shine Muscat' grape production is challenged by the frequent occurrence of empty branches that do not exhibit flowers on the shoot. Therefore, in this study, axillary bud development was investigated by treating with plant growth regulators [6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) and spermidine (SPD)] and an environmental factor (long-day treatment) during ecodormancy and the growth stage to reduce the occurrence of empty branches in 'Shine Muscat' grapevine. Treatments with growth regulators and light during ecodormancy did not affect bud size, but flower primordium formation and flower cluster appearance rates were the highest after BAP treatment. Flower primordium formation rate was the most efficient when 200 ppm BAP was applied after endodormancy break. When plants were treated with growth regulators in the growth stage, SPD treatment promoted the growth of shoots and buds but reduced the flower primordium formation rate. In contrast, BAP treatment inhibited bud growth but increased the flower primordium formation rate. In the case of long-day treatment, the formation of the flower primordium was also delayed as in an in vitro experiment. The whole bud necrosis rate was markedly low, and no significant difference was observed after all treatments. The flower primordium formation rates of the first and second buds that are mainly used for the cultivation of 'Shine Muscat' were remarkably low. Although BAP treatment promoted the flower primordium formation rate of the first and second buds, it was confirmed that the rate of cluster appearance in the following year was similar to the untreated group. Therefore, we suggest that 200 ppm BAP treatment during ecodormancy is the most efficient approach to reducing the occurrence of empty branches in 'Shine Muscat' grapevine.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Growth regulators and light during ecodormancy did not affect bud size in Shine Muscat grapevine.
VitisNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“to reduce the occurrence of empty branches in 'Shine Muscat' grapevine”
e1“Treatments with growth regulators and light during ecodormancy did not affect bud size”
Claim · model-written summary
BAP treatment gave the highest flower primordium formation and flower cluster appearance rates in Shine Muscat grapevine.
- Treatment
- BAP treatmente1
- Outcome
- flower primordium formation and flower cluster appearance ratese1
- Direction
- were the higheste1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“to reduce the occurrence of empty branches in 'Shine Muscat' grapevine”
e1“flower primordium formation and flower cluster appearance rates were the highest after BAP treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
Flower primordium formation rate was most efficient when 200 ppm BAP was applied after endodormancy break.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“to reduce the occurrence of empty branches in 'Shine Muscat' grapevine”
e1“Flower primordium formation rate was the most efficient when 200 ppm BAP was applied after endodormancy break”
Claim · model-written summary
SPD treatment promoted shoot and bud growth in grapevine.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“to reduce the occurrence of empty branches in 'Shine Muscat' grapevine”
e1“SPD treatment promoted the growth of shoots and buds but reduced the flower primordium formation rate”
Claim · model-written summary
SPD treatment reduced flower primordium formation rate in grapevine.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“to reduce the occurrence of empty branches in 'Shine Muscat' grapevine”
e1“SPD treatment promoted the growth of shoots and buds but reduced the flower primordium formation rate”
Claim · model-written summary
BAP treatment inhibited bud growth in grapevine.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“to reduce the occurrence of empty branches in 'Shine Muscat' grapevine”
e1“BAP treatment inhibited bud growth but increased the flower primordium formation rate”
Claim · model-written summary
BAP treatment increased flower primordium formation rate in grapevine.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“to reduce the occurrence of empty branches in 'Shine Muscat' grapevine”
e1“BAP treatment inhibited bud growth but increased the flower primordium formation rate”
Claim · model-written summary
Long-day treatment delayed flower primordium formation in grapevine.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“to reduce the occurrence of empty branches in 'Shine Muscat' grapevine”
e1“In the case of long-day treatment, the formation of the flower primordium was also delayed”
Claim · model-written summary
Whole bud necrosis rate was markedly low, with no significant difference among treatments in grapevine.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“to reduce the occurrence of empty branches in 'Shine Muscat' grapevine”
e1“The whole bud necrosis rate was markedly low, and no significant difference was observed after all treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Flower primordium formation rates of the first and second buds were remarkably low in grapevine.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“to reduce the occurrence of empty branches in 'Shine Muscat' grapevine”
e1“The flower primordium formation rates of the first and second buds that are mainly used for the cultivation of 'Shine Muscat' were remarkably low”
Claim · model-written summary
BAP treatment promoted flower primordium formation rate of the first and second buds.
- Organ / stage
- first and second budse1
- Treatment
- BAP treatmente1
- Outcome
- flower primordium formation rate of the first and second budse1
- Direction
- promotede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“to reduce the occurrence of empty branches in 'Shine Muscat' grapevine”
e1“Although BAP treatment promoted the flower primordium formation rate of the first and second buds, it was confirmed that the rate of cluster appearance in the following year was similar to the untreated group”
Claim · model-written summary
BAP treatment left the rate of cluster appearance in the following year similar to the untreated group.
- Treatment
- BAP treatmente1
- Outcome
- rate of cluster appearance in the following yeare1
- Direction
- similare1
- Comparator
- untreated groupe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“to reduce the occurrence of empty branches in 'Shine Muscat' grapevine”
e1“Although BAP treatment promoted the flower primordium formation rate of the first and second buds, it was confirmed that the rate of cluster appearance in the following year was similar to the untreated group”
Claim · model-written summary
Treatment with 200 ppm BAP during ecodormancy is the most efficient approach to reduce empty branches in Shine Muscat grapevine.
- Treatment
- 200 ppm BAP treatment during ecodormancye1
- Outcome
- reducing the occurrence of empty branchese1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“to reduce the occurrence of empty branches in 'Shine Muscat' grapevine”
e1“we suggest that 200 ppm BAP treatment during ecodormancy is the most efficient approach to reducing the occurrence of empty branches”
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