Abstract
Aim: To optimize the concentrations of growth regulators in the media for the proficient micropropagation of grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) cv. King’s Ruby. Methods and results: Apical meristems of the grape cultivar were used to establish in vitro shoot cultures. Nodal explants, each containing an axillary bud, taken from in vitro grown shoots were inoculated in shoot proliferation medium, i.e., half strength Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with benzyl aminopurine (BAP), kinetin, glycine and gibberellic acid (GA3). A higher number of shoots (5.33) with greater shoot length (2.75 cm) was produced in the medium supplemented with 1.0 mg L-1 BAP and 0.1 mg L-1 GA3. Calluses were induced from leaf explants taken from in vitro grown shoots. Callus induction was greater (73.00%) on the medium containing 2.0 mg L-1 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), 0.3 mg L-1 BAP and 0.2 mg L-1 α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA). The maximum frequency of shoot regeneration (53.33%) was achieved on the medium supplemented with 1.5 mg L-1 BAP and 0.5 mg L-1 NAA, and the regenerated shoots successfully formed roots on growth regulator-free half strength MS medium. Conclusion: Optimizing the concentration of BAP and GA3 and omitting the glycine and kinetin in the culture medium increased the number and length of shoots. Similarly, for inducing the callus of the leaf explants, taken from in vitro grown shoots, it is recommended to adjust the medium with the higher concentration of 2,4-D and lower concentrations of BAP. Moreover, the maximum number of shoots was regenerated on a medium supplemented with relatively high levels of both BAP and NAA (1.5 and 0.5 mg L-1, respectively). Finally, we suggest the half strength MS medium that is free from growth regulators for the root formation of the regenerated shoots. Significance and impact of the study: Optimizing the concentration of growth regulators is crucial for the efficient micropropagation of a grape cultivar. Knowing the specific balance between the growth regulators is necessary to establish in vitro shoot cultures, callus induction and shoot regeneration and, hence, to propagate disease-free true to type grape cultivars in a short time.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
BAP and GA3 medium produced a higher shoot count of 5.33.
VitisNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A higher number of shoots (5.33) with greater shoot length (2.75 cm) was produced in the medium supplemented with 1.0 mg L-1 BAP and 0.1 mg L-1 GA3.”
t0“grapes”
t1“grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
The same medium yielded greater shoot length of 2.75 cm.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A higher number of shoots (5.33) with greater shoot length (2.75 cm) was produced in the medium supplemented with 1.0 mg L-1 BAP and 0.1 mg L-1 GA3.”
t0“grapes”
t1“grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Medium with 2,4-D, BAP and NAA gave greater 73.00% callus induction.
- Organ / stage
- Calluse0
- Treatment
- 2.0 mg L-1 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), 0.3 mg L-1 BAP and 0.2 mg L-1 α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA)e0
- Outcome
- Callus inductione0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Value
- 73.00%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Callus induction was greater (73.00%) on the medium containing 2.0 mg L-1 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), 0.3 mg L-1 BAP and 0.2 mg L-1 α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA).”
t0“grapes”
t1“grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
BAP and NAA medium attained maximum 53.33% shoot regeneration.
- Treatment
- 1.5 mg L-1 BAP and 0.5 mg L-1 NAAe0
- Outcome
- frequency of shoot regeneratione0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 53.33%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The maximum frequency of shoot regeneration (53.33%) was achieved on the medium supplemented with 1.5 mg L-1 BAP and 0.5 mg L-1 NAA”
t0“grapes”
t1“grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Regenerated shoots formed roots on regulator free half strength MS medium.
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the regenerated shoots successfully formed roots on growth regulator-free half strength MS medium.”
t0“grapes”
t1“grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Optimizing BAP and GA3 while omitting glycine and kinetin increased shoot number.
- Treatment
- Optimizing the concentration of BAP and GA3 and omitting the glycine and kinetine0
- Outcome
- number and length of shootse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Optimizing the concentration of BAP and GA3 and omitting the glycine and kinetin in the culture medium increased the number and length of shoots.”
t0“grapes”
t1“grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Optimizing BAP and GA3 while omitting glycine and kinetin increased shoot length.
- Treatment
- Optimizing the concentration of BAP and GA3 and omitting the glycine and kinetine0
- Outcome
- length of shootse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Optimizing the concentration of BAP and GA3 and omitting the glycine and kinetin in the culture medium increased the number and length of shoots.”
t0“grapes”
t1“grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors recommend higher 2,4-D and lower BAP for leaf explant callus induction.
- Outcome
- adjust the medium with the higher concentration of 2,4-D and lower concentrations of BAPe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“it is recommended to adjust the medium with the higher concentration of 2,4-D and lower concentrations of BAP.”
t0“grapes”
t1“grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors suggest regulator free half strength MS medium for rooting regenerated shoots.
- Outcome
- half strength MS medium that is free from growth regulators for the root formation of the regenerated shootse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“we suggest the half strength MS medium that is free from growth regulators for the root formation of the regenerated shoots.”
t0“grapes”
t1“grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.)”
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See all 9 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.