Abstract
Fusarium oxysporum V5w2 is a fungal agent, which was originally intended for biological control of the root pathogenic nematode Radopholus similis among other banana pests. Information on some of its actual effects on banana plants and pests has been scarce. A study was conducted to assess the effects of F. oxysporum V5w2 and mulch on R. similis and banana plants in the field. The experiment was a 3-factor (2 × 2 × 2) complete randomized block design with or without F. oxysporum V5w2, R. similis or mulch. Root damage was higher when plants were inoculated with R. similis compared to non-inoculated plants, while plant height, leaf size, bunch size and banana yields were lower in R. similis-inoculated plants. Plant growth and bunch size were greater in mulched than in non-mulched plots, with banana yields on mulched plots increasing by 131% to reach 37 tonnes per hectare. F. oxysporum V5w2-inoculated plants were shorter, with fewer leaves that were smaller, and had shorter duration to harvest than non-inoculated ones. When R. similis-inoculated mulched plants received F. oxysporum V5w2 inoculum, plant toppling-over occurred less frequently compared to plants that were not inoculated with the fungus, probably because the plants were smaller in size during growth. The benefits of mulching in banana production were evident, while the claimed enhancing effect of inoculating tissue culture plants with F. oxysporum V5w2 as a biological control agent could not be verified. I conclude by suggesting that, the use of F. oxysporum V5w2 as a biological control agent of R. similis and other pests should be reconsidered, because this fungal strain has the potential of invading xylem vessels and becoming pathogenic to banana plants.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Radopholus similis inoculation increased banana root damage.
- Taxon
- bananat0
- Treatment
- inoculated with R. similise0
- Interactor
- R. similis
Radopholus similise0pathogen - Outcome
- Root damagee0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- non-inoculated plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Root damage was higher when plants were inoculated with R. similis compared to non-inoculated plants”
t0“banana”
Claim · model-written summary
Radopholus similis inoculation reduced plant height and leaf size.
- Taxon
- bananat0
- Treatment
- R. similis-inoculatede0
- Interactor
- R. similisRadopholus similise0pathogen
- Outcome
- plant height, leaf sizee0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- non-inoculated plantse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“plant height, leaf size, bunch size and banana yields were lower in R. similis-inoculated plants”
e1“compared to non-inoculated plants”
t0“banana”
Claim · model-written summary
Radopholus similis inoculation reduced bunch size and banana yields.
- Taxon
- bananat0
- Treatment
- R. similis-inoculatede0
- Interactor
- R. similisRadopholus similise0pathogen
- Outcome
- bunch size and banana yieldse0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- non-inoculated plantse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“bunch size and banana yields were lower in R. similis-inoculated plants”
e1“compared to non-inoculated plants”
t0“banana”
Claim · model-written summary
Mulch increased banana plant growth and bunch size.
Verbatim
e0“Plant growth and bunch size were greater in mulched than in non-mulched plots”
t0“banana”
Claim · model-written summary
Mulch increased banana yield by 131% to 37 tonnes per hectare.
Verbatim
e0“banana yields on mulched plots increasing by 131% to reach 37 tonnes per hectare”
e1“non-mulched plots”
t0“banana”
Claim · model-written summary
Fusarium oxysporum V5w2 inoculation reduced banana height, leaf number, and leaf size.
- Taxon
- bananat0
- Treatment
- F. oxysporum V5w2-inoculatede0
- Interactor
- F. oxysporum V5w2
_(Fusarium_oxysporum_f.sp._batatas)_1234227-PPT-Clemson_University.jpg?width=60)
Fusarium oxysporume0symbiont - Outcome
- shorter, with fewer leaves that were smallere0
- Direction
- shortere0
- Comparator
- non-inoculated onese1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_(Fusarium_oxysporum_f.sp._batatas)_1234227-PPT-Clemson_University.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“F. oxysporum V5w2-inoculated plants were shorter, with fewer leaves that were smaller”
e1“than non-inoculated ones”
t0“banana”
Claim · model-written summary
Fusarium oxysporum V5w2 inoculation shortened duration to harvest.
- Taxon
- bananat0
- Treatment
- F. oxysporum V5w2-inoculatede1
- Interactor
- F. oxysporum V5w2Fusarium oxysporume1symbiont
- Outcome
- duration to harveste0
- Direction
- shortere0
- Comparator
- non-inoculated onese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“had shorter duration to harvest than non-inoculated ones”
e1“F. oxysporum V5w2-inoculated plants”
t0“banana”
Claim · model-written summary
Fusarium oxysporum V5w2 inoculation reduced toppling among mulched banana plants inoculated with Radopholus similis.
- Taxon
- bananat0
- Treatment
- F. oxysporum V5w2 inoculume0
- Interactor
- R. similisRadopholus similise0pathogen
- Second interactor
- F. oxysporum V5w2Fusarium oxysporume0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- plant toppling-overe0
- Direction
- less frequentlye0
- Qualifier
- R. similis-inoculated mulched plantse0
- Comparator
- plants that were not inoculated with the funguse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“When R. similis-inoculated mulched plants received F. oxysporum V5w2 inoculum, plant toppling-over occurred less frequently compared to plants that were not inoculated with the fungus”
t0“banana”
Claim · model-written summary
The lower toppling frequency was attributed tentatively to smaller plant size during growth.
Verbatim
e0“probably because the plants were smaller in size during growth”
e1“plant toppling-over occurred less frequently”
t0“banana”
Claim · model-written summary
The claimed biological-control enhancement from Fusarium oxysporum V5w2 inoculation was not verified.
- Taxon
- bananat0
- Interactor
- F. oxysporum V5w2Fusarium oxysporume0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- enhancing effect of inoculating tissue culture plants with F. oxysporum V5w2 as a biological control agent could not be verifiede0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the claimed enhancing effect of inoculating tissue culture plants with F. oxysporum V5w2 as a biological control agent could not be verified”
t0“banana”
Claim · model-written summary
The author recommends reconsidering Fusarium oxysporum V5w2 as a biological control agent against Radopholus similis and other pests.
- Taxon
- bananat0
- Interactor
- R. similisRadopholus similise0pathogen
- Second interactor
- F. oxysporum V5w2Fusarium oxysporume0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- use of F. oxysporum V5w2 as a biological control agent of R. similis and other pests should be reconsiderede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the use of F. oxysporum V5w2 as a biological control agent of R. similis and other pests should be reconsidered”
t0“banana”
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See all 17 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.