Paper · 2021 · Environmental Geochemistry and Health

Waste to resource: use of water treatment residual for increased maize productivity and micronutrient content

T. Gwandu; L. I. Blake; H. Nezomba; et al.

3
claims
3
verbatim quotes
13
citations
2
research areas
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Open access · cc-by

Abstract

Soil degradation, which is linked to poor nutrient management, remains a major constraint to sustained crop production in smallholder urban agriculture (UA) in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). While organic nutrient resources are often used in UA to complement mineral fertilizers in soil fertility management, they are usually scarce and of poor quality to provide optimum nutrients for crop uptake. Alternative soil nutrient management options are required. This study, therefore, evaluates the short-term benefits of applying an aluminium-based water treatment residual (Al-WTR), in combination with compost and inorganic P fertilizer, on soil chemical properties, and maize (Zea mays L.) productivity and nutrient uptake. An eight-week greenhouse experiment was established with 12 treatments consisting of soil, Al-WTR and compost (with or without P fertilizer). The co-amendment (10% Al-WTR + 10% compost) produced maize shoot biomass of 3.92 ± 0.16 g at 5 weeks after emergence, significantly (p < 0.05) out-yielding the unamended control which yielded 1.33 ± 0.17 g. The addition of P fertilizer to the co-amendment further increased maize shoot yield by about twofold (7.23 ± 0.07 g). The co-amendment (10% Al-WTR + 10% C) with P increased maize uptake of zinc (Zn), copper (Cu) and manganese (Mn), compared with 10% C + P. Overall, the results demonstrate that combining Al-WTR, compost and P fertilizer increases maize productivity and micronutrient uptake in comparison with single amendments of compost and fertilizer. The enhanced micronutrient uptake can potentially improve maize grain quality, and subsequently human nutrition for the urban population of SSA, partly addressing the UN's Sustainable Development Goal number 3 of improving diets.

Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by. Read at the source ↗

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Claims 3

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Co-amendment increased maize shoot biomass compared with unamended control.

Taxon
maizeZea mayse0
Treatment
10% Al-WTR + 10% composte0
Outcome
maize shoot biomasse0
Direction
out-yieldinge0
Value
3.92 ± 0.16 ge0
Comparator
unamended controle0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Zea mays
Zea mays · TaxonAkwugo · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The co-amendment (10% Al-WTR + 10% compost) produced maize shoot biomass of 3.92 ± 0.16 g at 5 weeks after emergence, significantly (p < 0.05) out-yielding the unamended control which yielded 1.33 ± 0.17 g.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 861–1067 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

P fertilizer added to the co-amendment roughly doubled maize shoot yield.

Taxon
maizeZea mayse0
Treatment
addition of P fertilizer to the co-amendmente0
Outcome
maize shoot yielde0
Direction
increasede0
Value
7.23 ± 0.07 ge0
Comparator
co-amendmente0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Zea mays
Zea mays · TaxonAkwugo · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The addition of P fertilizer to the co-amendment further increased maize shoot yield by about twofold (7.23 ± 0.07 g).”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1068–1186 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Co-amendment with P increased maize uptake of zinc, copper and manganese over compost with P.

Taxon
maizeZea mayse0
Treatment
10% Al-WTR + 10% C) with Pe0
Outcome
maize uptake of zinc (Zn), copper (Cu) and manganese (Mn)e0
Direction
increasede0
Comparator
10% C + Pe0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Zea mays
Zea mays · TaxonAkwugo · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The co-amendment (10% Al-WTR + 10% C) with P increased maize uptake of zinc (Zn), copper (Cu) and manganese (Mn), compared with 10% C + P.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1187–1325 · show in text ↑

aluminium atom · growth · Zea mays (maize)Results differ

42 papers: 7 positive, 35 negative or no effect

6 papers in the same direction as this paper · 35 in the opposite direction

  1. negative
  2. negative
  3. negative

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aluminium atom · nutrient: content · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results

22 papers: 7 positive, 15 negative or no effect

6 papers in the same direction as this paper · 15 in the opposite direction

  1. negative
  2. negative
  3. negative

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irrigation · nutrient: content · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results

104 papers: 84 positive, 20 negative or no effect

83 papers in the same direction as this paper · 18 in the opposite direction · 2 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. negative
  2. no effect
  3. negative

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irrigation · growth · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results

289 papers: 208 positive, 81 negative or no effect

207 papers in the same direction as this paper · 80 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. negative
  2. no effect
  3. negative

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fertilization · growth · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results

1,365 papers: 1,196 positive, 169 negative or no effect

1,195 papers in the same direction as this paper · 149 in the opposite direction · 20 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. no effect
  2. no effect
  3. negative

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fertilization · yield · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results

3,908 papers: 3,485 positive, 423 negative or no effect

3,484 papers in the same direction as this paper · 338 in the opposite direction · 85 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

3,904 papers more in this group

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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.