Abstract
Understanding the link between the protective role of potassium silicate (K2SiO3) against water shortage and the eventual grain yield of maize plants is still limited under semiarid conditions. Therefore, in this study, we provide insights into the underlying metabolic responses, mineral nutrients uptake and some nonenzymatic and enzymatic antioxidants that may differ in maize plants as influenced by the foliar application of K2SiO3 (0, 1 and 2 mM) under three drip irrigation regimes (100, 75 and 50% of water requirements). Our results indicated that, generally, plants were affected by both moderate and severe deficit irrigation levels. Deficit irrigation decreased shoot dry weight, root dry weight, leaf area index (LAI), relative water content (RWC), N, P, K, Ca, Fe, Zn, carotenoids, grain yield and its parameters, while root/shoot ratio, malondialdehyde (MDA), proline, soluble sugars, ascorbic acid, soluble phenols, peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), polyphenol oxidase (PPO), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) were improved. The foliar applications of K2SiO3 relatively alleviated water stress-induced damage. In this respect, the treatment of 2 mM K2SiO3 was more effective than others and could be recommended to mitigate the effect of deficit irrigation on maize plants. Moreover, correlation analysis revealed a close link between yield and the most studied traits.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Deficit irrigation decreased shoot dry weight, root dry weight and leaf area index in maize.
- Treatment
- Deficit irrigatione1
- Outcome
- shoot dry weight, root dry weight, leaf area index (LAI)e1
- Direction
- decreasede1
Zea maysNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Antioxidants of Maize as Influenced by Exogenous Potassium Silicate”
e1“Deficit irrigation decreased shoot dry weight, root dry weight, leaf area index (LAI), relative water content (RWC), N, P, K, Ca, Fe, Zn, carotenoids, grain yield and its parameters, while root/shoot ratio, malondialdehyde (MDA), proline, soluble sugars, ascorbic acid, soluble phenols, peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), polyphenol oxidase (PPO), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) were improved”
Claim · model-written summary
Deficit irrigation decreased relative water content in maize.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Antioxidants of Maize as Influenced by Exogenous Potassium Silicate”
e1“Deficit irrigation decreased shoot dry weight, root dry weight, leaf area index (LAI), relative water content (RWC), N, P, K, Ca, Fe, Zn, carotenoids, grain yield and its parameters, while root/shoot ratio, malondialdehyde (MDA), proline, soluble sugars, ascorbic acid, soluble phenols, peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), polyphenol oxidase (PPO), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) were improved”
Claim · model-written summary
Deficit irrigation decreased leaf N, P and K in maize.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Antioxidants of Maize as Influenced by Exogenous Potassium Silicate”
e1“Deficit irrigation decreased shoot dry weight, root dry weight, leaf area index (LAI), relative water content (RWC), N, P, K, Ca, Fe, Zn, carotenoids, grain yield and its parameters, while root/shoot ratio, malondialdehyde (MDA), proline, soluble sugars, ascorbic acid, soluble phenols, peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), polyphenol oxidase (PPO), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) were improved”
Claim · model-written summary
Deficit irrigation decreased Ca, Fe and Zn in maize.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Antioxidants of Maize as Influenced by Exogenous Potassium Silicate”
e1“Deficit irrigation decreased shoot dry weight, root dry weight, leaf area index (LAI), relative water content (RWC), N, P, K, Ca, Fe, Zn, carotenoids, grain yield and its parameters, while root/shoot ratio, malondialdehyde (MDA), proline, soluble sugars, ascorbic acid, soluble phenols, peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), polyphenol oxidase (PPO), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) were improved”
Claim · model-written summary
Deficit irrigation decreased carotenoids in maize.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Antioxidants of Maize as Influenced by Exogenous Potassium Silicate”
e1“Deficit irrigation decreased shoot dry weight, root dry weight, leaf area index (LAI), relative water content (RWC), N, P, K, Ca, Fe, Zn, carotenoids, grain yield and its parameters, while root/shoot ratio, malondialdehyde (MDA), proline, soluble sugars, ascorbic acid, soluble phenols, peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), polyphenol oxidase (PPO), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) were improved”
Claim · model-written summary
Deficit irrigation decreased grain yield and its parameters in maize.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Antioxidants of Maize as Influenced by Exogenous Potassium Silicate”
e1“Deficit irrigation decreased shoot dry weight, root dry weight, leaf area index (LAI), relative water content (RWC), N, P, K, Ca, Fe, Zn, carotenoids, grain yield and its parameters, while root/shoot ratio, malondialdehyde (MDA), proline, soluble sugars, ascorbic acid, soluble phenols, peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), polyphenol oxidase (PPO), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) were improved”
Claim · model-written summary
Deficit irrigation improved root/shoot ratio, malondialdehyde and proline in maize, with mixed desirability.
- Treatment
- Deficit irrigatione1
- Outcome
- root/shoot ratio, malondialdehyde (MDA), prolinee1
- Direction
- improvede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Antioxidants of Maize as Influenced by Exogenous Potassium Silicate”
e1“Deficit irrigation decreased shoot dry weight, root dry weight, leaf area index (LAI), relative water content (RWC), N, P, K, Ca, Fe, Zn, carotenoids, grain yield and its parameters, while root/shoot ratio, malondialdehyde (MDA), proline, soluble sugars, ascorbic acid, soluble phenols, peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), polyphenol oxidase (PPO), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) were improved”
Claim · model-written summary
Deficit irrigation improved soluble sugars, ascorbic acid and soluble phenols in maize.
- Treatment
- Deficit irrigatione1
- Outcome
- soluble sugars, ascorbic acid, soluble phenolse1
- Direction
- improvede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Antioxidants of Maize as Influenced by Exogenous Potassium Silicate”
e1“Deficit irrigation decreased shoot dry weight, root dry weight, leaf area index (LAI), relative water content (RWC), N, P, K, Ca, Fe, Zn, carotenoids, grain yield and its parameters, while root/shoot ratio, malondialdehyde (MDA), proline, soluble sugars, ascorbic acid, soluble phenols, peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), polyphenol oxidase (PPO), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) were improved”
Claim · model-written summary
Deficit irrigation improved peroxidase, catalase and polyphenol oxidase activities in maize.
- Treatment
- Deficit irrigatione1
- Outcome
- peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), polyphenol oxidase (PPO)e1
- Direction
- improvede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Antioxidants of Maize as Influenced by Exogenous Potassium Silicate”
e1“Deficit irrigation decreased shoot dry weight, root dry weight, leaf area index (LAI), relative water content (RWC), N, P, K, Ca, Fe, Zn, carotenoids, grain yield and its parameters, while root/shoot ratio, malondialdehyde (MDA), proline, soluble sugars, ascorbic acid, soluble phenols, peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), polyphenol oxidase (PPO), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) were improved”
Claim · model-written summary
Deficit irrigation improved ascorbate peroxidase activity in maize.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Antioxidants of Maize as Influenced by Exogenous Potassium Silicate”
e1“Deficit irrigation decreased shoot dry weight, root dry weight, leaf area index (LAI), relative water content (RWC), N, P, K, Ca, Fe, Zn, carotenoids, grain yield and its parameters, while root/shoot ratio, malondialdehyde (MDA), proline, soluble sugars, ascorbic acid, soluble phenols, peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), polyphenol oxidase (PPO), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) were improved”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar K2SiO3 alleviated water stress-induced damage in maize.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Antioxidants of Maize as Influenced by Exogenous Potassium Silicate”
e2“The foliar applications of K2SiO3 relatively alleviated water stress-induced damage”
Claim · model-written summary
The 2 mM K2SiO3 treatment was more effective than the other treatments in maize under deficit irrigation.
- Treatment
- the treatment of 2 mM K2SiO3e3
- Outcome
- more effectivee3
- Direction
- more effectivee3
- Comparator
- otherse3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Antioxidants of Maize as Influenced by Exogenous Potassium Silicate”
e3“In this respect, the treatment of 2 mM K2SiO3 was more effective than others and could be recommended to mitigate the effect of deficit irrigation”
Claim · model-written summary
The 2 mM K2SiO3 treatment could be recommended to mitigate the effect of deficit irrigation on maize.
- Outcome
- mitigate the effect of deficit irrigatione3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Antioxidants of Maize as Influenced by Exogenous Potassium Silicate”
e3“In this respect, the treatment of 2 mM K2SiO3 was more effective than others and could be recommended to mitigate the effect of deficit irrigation”
Claim · model-written summary
Grain yield was closely linked to the most studied traits in correlation analysis.
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Antioxidants of Maize as Influenced by Exogenous Potassium Silicate”
e4“Moreover, correlation analysis revealed a close link between yield and the most studied traits”
The same questions in other papers
irrigation · physiology: osmolytes · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
6 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- no effect
6 papers more in this group
See all 10 papers →application · pest · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
27 papers in the same direction as this paper · 7 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- no effect
- negative
31 papers more in this group
See all 35 papers →irrigation · physiology: pigments · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
14 papers in the same direction as this paper · 28 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
39 papers more in this group
See all 43 papers →irrigation · nutrient: content · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
19 papers in the same direction as this paper · 84 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
100 papers more in this group
See all 104 papers →irrigation · growth · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
80 papers in the same direction as this paper · 208 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
285 papers more in this group
See all 289 papers →irrigation · physiology: water · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
39 papers in the same direction as this paper · 284 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
320 papers more in this group
See all 324 papers →irrigation · yield · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
224 papers in the same direction as this paper · 791 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
- positive
1,012 papers more in this group
See all 1,016 papers →irrigation · physiology: antioxidant enzymes · Zea mays (maize)Results agree
4 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
1 paper more in this group
See all 5 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.