Abstract
Plants sense various pathogens and activate immunity responses through receptor-like kinases (RLKs). Cysteine-rich receptor-like kinases (CRKs) are involved in massive transduction pathways upon perception of a pathogen. However, the roles of CRKs in response to stripe rust are unclear. In the present study, we identified a CRK gene (designated TaCRK10) from wheat variety Xiaoyan 6 (XY6) that harbors high-temperature seedling-plant (HTSP) resistance to stripe rust caused by fungal pathogen Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst). The expression level of TaCRK10 was induced by Pst inoculation and high temperature treatment. Knockdown of TaCRK10 by virus-induced gene silencing resulted in attenuated wheat HTSP resistance to Pst, whereas there is no effect on Pst development and host responses under normal temperatures. Notably, overexpression of TaCRK10 in susceptible variety Fielder provided resistance only under normal temperatures at 14 days with reactive oxygen species accumulation and defense-related gene expression of the salicylic acid pathway. Moreover, TaCRK10 physically interacted with and phosphorylated a histone variant TaH2A.1, which belongs to the H2A.W group. Silencing of TaH2A.1 suppressed wheat resistance to Pst, indicating that TaH2A.1 plays a positive role in wheat resistance to Pst. Thus, TaCRK10 serves as an important sensor of Pst infection and high temperatures, and it activates wheat resistance to Pst through regulating nuclear processes. This knowledge helps elucidate the molecular mechanism of wheat HTSP resistance to Pst and promotes efforts in developing wheat varieties with resistance to stripe rust.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
TaCRK10 was identified in wheat variety Xiaoyan 6.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume0 - Material
- Xiaoyan 6e0
- Gene
- TaCRK10e0
- Outcome
- identified a CRK genee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“we identified a CRK gene (designated TaCRK10) from wheat variety Xiaoyan 6 (XY6)”
Claim · model-written summary
Pst inoculation induced TaCRK10 expression.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- Pst inoculatione0
- Interactor
- Pste0pathogen
- Gene
- TaCRK10e0
- Outcome
- expression level of TaCRK10e0
- Direction
- inducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The expression level of TaCRK10 was induced by Pst inoculation and high temperature treatment”
e1“wheat variety Xiaoyan 6 (XY6)”
e2“Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst)”
Claim · model-written summary
High temperature induced TaCRK10 expression.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- high temperature treatmente0
- Gene
- TaCRK10e0
- Outcome
- expression level of TaCRK10e0
- Direction
- inducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The expression level of TaCRK10 was induced by Pst inoculation and high temperature treatment”
e1“wheat variety Xiaoyan 6 (XY6)”
Claim · model-written summary
TaCRK10 knockdown attenuated wheat HTSP resistance to Pst.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- Knockdown of TaCRK10 by virus-induced gene silencinge0
- Interactor
- Pste0pathogen
- Gene
- TaCRK10e0
- Outcome
- wheat HTSP resistance to Pste0
- Direction
- attenuatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Knockdown of TaCRK10 by virus-induced gene silencing resulted in attenuated wheat HTSP resistance to Pst”
Claim · model-written summary
TaCRK10 knockdown did not affect Pst development or host responses at normal temperatures.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume2
- Treatment
- Knockdown of TaCRK10 by virus-induced gene silencinge1
- Interactor
- Pste0pathogen
- Gene
- TaCRK10e1
- Outcome
- Pst development and host responsese0
- Direction
- no effecte0
- Qualifier
- under normal temperaturese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“there is no effect on Pst development and host responses under normal temperatures”
e1“Knockdown of TaCRK10 by virus-induced gene silencing”
e2“attenuated wheat HTSP resistance to Pst”
Claim · model-written summary
TaCRK10 overexpression gave susceptible Fielder resistance under normal temperatures at day 14.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Material
- Fieldere0
- Treatment
- overexpression of TaCRK10e0
- Interactor
- Pste2pathogen
- Gene
- TaCRK10e0
- Outcome
- resistancee0
- Direction
- providede0
- Qualifier
- only under normal temperatures at 14 dayse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“overexpression of TaCRK10 in susceptible variety Fielder provided resistance only under normal temperatures at 14 days”
e1“Silencing of TaH2A.1 suppressed wheat resistance to Pst”
e2“Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst)”
Claim · model-written summary
TaCRK10 overexpression was accompanied by reactive oxygen species accumulation and defense gene expression.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume2
- Material
- Fieldere1
- Gene
- TaCRK10e1
- Outcome
- reactive oxygen species accumulation and defense-related gene expressione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“reactive oxygen species accumulation and defense-related gene expression of the salicylic acid pathway”
e1“overexpression of TaCRK10 in susceptible variety Fielder”
e2“Silencing of TaH2A.1 suppressed wheat resistance to Pst”
Claim · model-written summary
TaCRK10 physically interacted with TaH2A.1 and phosphorylated it.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Gene
- TaCRK10e0
- Outcome
- physically interacted with and phosphorylated a histone variant TaH2A.1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“TaCRK10 physically interacted with and phosphorylated a histone variant TaH2A.1”
e1“Silencing of TaH2A.1 suppressed wheat resistance to Pst”
Claim · model-written summary
Silencing TaH2A.1 suppressed wheat resistance to Pst.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- Silencing of TaH2A.1e0
- Interactor
- Pste0pathogen
- Gene
- TaH2A.1e0
- Outcome
- wheat resistance to Pste0
- Direction
- suppressede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Silencing of TaH2A.1 suppressed wheat resistance to Pst”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors infer that TaCRK10 activates wheat resistance through nuclear processes.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Interactor
- Pste0pathogen
- Gene
- TaCRK10e0
- Outcome
- wheat resistance to Pste0
- Qualifier
- regulating nuclear processese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“TaCRK10 serves as an important sensor of Pst infection and high temperatures, and it activates wheat resistance to Pst through regulating nuclear processes”
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