Abstract
Zinc (Zn) deficiency in major food crops has been considered as an important factor affecting crop production and subsequently the human health.The application of Zn solubilizing bacteria could be a sustainable agronomic approach to increase the soil available Zn.The present field study was conducted at two different sites (Farmers' fields at Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan) to evaluate the biofortification potential of four Zn solubilizing Bacillus strains viz., Bacillus spp.ZM20, Bacillus aryabhattai ZM31, B. subtilis ZM63, and B. aryabhattai S10, alone as well as in different combination.Separate as well as combinations of Zn solubilizing Bacillus strains, significantly, improved the plant growth, yield and grain nutrient concentrations at both experimental sites.However, more increase in maize growth, yield and biofortified Zn and iron (Fe) concentration in grains were obtained due to co-inoculated combinations.Co-inoculation with B. aryabhattai S10 and B. subtilis ZM63 had the maximum Fe concentration (56.5 mg kg -1 ) in grains with an increase of 34% at Site-I compared to respective un-inoculated control.While the maximum increase in Zn concentration in maize grains (23% over respective uninoculated control at Site-II) was recorded due to combined use of B. aryabhattai ZM31 and B. subtilis ZM63.These results suggested that co-inoculation with Zn solubilizing Bacillus strains expressed synergistic effects to increase nutrients acquisition and to promote growth and yield of maize.It is recommended to use the consortia of B. aryabhattai ZM31 and B. subtilis ZM63 as potential bio-inoculants for Zn biofortification of maize under nutrient-deficient soil conditions.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Zn solubilizing Bacillus strains, alone and in combination, significantly improved maize growth, yield and grain nutrient concentrations at both experimental sites.
- Treatment
- Zn solubilizing Bacillus strainse0
- Interactor
- Zn solubilizing Bacillus strainse0symbiont
- Outcome
- plant growth, yield and grain nutrient concentrationse0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Setting
- both experimental sitese0
Zea maysNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Separate as well as combinations of Zn solubilizing Bacillus strains, significantly, improved the plant growth, yield and grain nutrient concentrations at both experimental sites”
t0“Maize (Zea mays)”
Claim · model-written summary
Co-inoculated Bacillus combinations gave a greater increase in maize growth, yield and grain Zn and Fe concentration.
- Treatment
- co-inoculated combinationse0
- Outcome
- maize growth, yield and biofortified Zn and iron (Fe) concentration in grainse0
- Direction
- more increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“more increase in maize growth, yield and biofortified Zn and iron (Fe) concentration in grains were obtained due to co-inoculated combinations”
Claim · model-written summary
Co-inoculation with B. aryabhattai S10 and B. subtilis ZM63 gave the maximum grain Fe concentration (56.5 mg kg -1), a 34% increase over the un-inoculated control at Site-I.
- Organ / stage
- grainse0
- Treatment
- Co-inoculation with B. aryabhattai S10 and B. subtilis ZM63e0
- Interactor
- B. aryabhattai S10Priestia aryabhattaie0symbiont
- Second interactor
- B. subtilis ZM63
Bacillus subtilise0symbiont - Outcome
- Fe concentratione0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 56.5 mg kg -1e0
- Qualifier
- 34%e0
- Comparator
- un-inoculated controle0
- Setting
- Site-Ie0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Co-inoculation with B. aryabhattai S10 and B. subtilis ZM63 had the maximum Fe concentration (56.5 mg kg -1 ) in grains with an increase of 34% at Site-I compared to respective un-inoculated control”
t0“Maize (Zea mays)”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined use of B. aryabhattai ZM31 and B. subtilis ZM63 gave the maximum increase in maize grain Zn concentration, 23% over the uninoculated control at Site-II.
- Organ / stage
- grainse0
- Treatment
- combined use of B. aryabhattai ZM31 and B. subtilis ZM63e0
- Interactor
- B. aryabhattai ZM31Priestia aryabhattaie0symbiont
- Second interactor
- B. subtilis ZM63Bacillus subtilise0symbiont
- Outcome
- Zn concentratione0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 23%e0
- Comparator
- uninoculated controle0
- Setting
- Site-IIe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the maximum increase in Zn concentration in maize grains (23% over respective uninoculated control at Site-II) was recorded due to combined use of B. aryabhattai ZM31 and B. subtilis ZM63”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude that co-inoculation with Zn solubilizing Bacillus strains had synergistic effects increasing nutrient acquisition and promoting growth and yield of maize.
- Treatment
- co-inoculation with Zn solubilizing Bacillus strainse0
- Outcome
- nutrients acquisitione0
- Qualifier
- synergistic effectse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“co-inoculation with Zn solubilizing Bacillus strains expressed synergistic effects to increase nutrients acquisition and to promote growth and yield of maize”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend the B. aryabhattai ZM31 and B. subtilis ZM63 consortium as bio-inoculants for Zn biofortification of maize under nutrient-deficient soil.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“It is recommended to use the consortia of B. aryabhattai ZM31 and B. subtilis ZM63 as potential bio-inoculants for Zn biofortification of maize under nutrient-deficient soil conditions”
The same questions in other papers
zinc atom · yield · Zea mays (maize)Results differ
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- negative
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478 papers in the same direction as this paper · 52 in the opposite direction · 7 reporting no difference from an alternative
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See all 538 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.