Abstract
Moler disease of shallot (MDS) or basal plate rot caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. capae (Foce) is an important disease on shallot. In low land such Brebes Central Java where is one of the center production of shallots in Indonesia, the disease is the most important and harmful. The specific symptom of the disease is a twisting leaf so the farmers call it as "Moler" meaning twisting. In the fields, the disease intensity can reach over 70%. So far the disease is still difficult to control. The control development of MDS is important to do. It is understood well that biological control of disease is promising for the future of plant production. The effectiveness consistence however is one of problem in single application of biological control agent. The problem is caused by varies environmental condition in the fields that are not always favourable to biocontrol agents. To minimize the risk of failure to control, it is necessary to use the controlling agent in an integrated or combination manner. Trichoderma and Bacillus were two biocontrol agents having been studied to control plant diseases showing effective to reduce disease intensity of MDS. The research aimed to study the effectiveness of Trichoderma and Bacillus to control MDS in a combination manner. The works in vitro were conducted in laboratory of Plant Pests and Diseases, whereas the works in vivo were arranged by completely randomized design (CRD) with 360 plant samples. The data were analyzed by Duncan's test. The results showed that the application of Trichoderma and Bacillus in vitro had a significant effect on decreasing the growth of pathogenic Fusarium and both microorganisms were antagonistic each other. In vivo however, the antagonism was not significant. The effectiveness of Trichoderma sp. and Bacillus sp. to control MDS singly in vivo reached up to 34.42% and 24.76% respectively. The implication is that the couple biological control agent is possible to apply in combination manner to minimize the risk of failure in single manner application.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
In vitro, application of Trichoderma and Bacillus significantly decreased growth of pathogenic Fusarium.
- Treatment
- application of Trichoderma and Bacilluse0
- Second interactor
- Trichoderma and Bacilluse0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- growth of pathogenic Fusariume0
- Direction
- decreasinge0
- Setting
- in vitroe0
FusariumNot reportedTaxonComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the application of Trichoderma and Bacillus in vitro had a significant effect on decreasing the growth of pathogenic Fusarium”
Claim · model-written summary
In vitro, Trichoderma and Bacillus were antagonistic to each other.
- Outcome
- both microorganisms were antagonistic each othere0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“both microorganisms were antagonistic each other”
Claim · model-written summary
In vivo on shallot, the antagonism between Trichoderma and Bacillus was not significant.
- Taxon
- shallot
Allium cepa var. aggregatumt0 - Outcome
- antagonisme1
- Setting
- In vivoe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Shallots”
e1“In vivo however, the antagonism was not significant”
Claim · model-written summary
Trichoderma sp. alone controlled moler disease in vivo with effectiveness of up to 34.42%.
- Taxon
- shallotAllium cepa var. aggregatumt0
- Treatment
- Trichoderma sp.e1
- Interactor
- Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. capae
_(Fusarium_oxysporum_f.sp._batatas)_1234227-PPT-Clemson_University.jpg?width=60)
Fusarium oxysporume2pathogen - Second interactor
- Trichoderma sp.
Trichodermae1biocontrol_agent - Outcome
- effectivenesse1
- Direction
- reached up toe1
- Value
- 34.42%e1
- Setting
- in vivoe1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_(Fusarium_oxysporum_f.sp._batatas)_1234227-PPT-Clemson_University.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
t0“Shallots”
e1“The effectiveness of Trichoderma sp. and Bacillus sp. to control MDS singly in vivo reached up to 34.42% and 24.76% respectively”
e2“Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. capae (Foce)”
Claim · model-written summary
Bacillus sp. alone controlled moler disease in vivo with effectiveness of up to 24.76%.
- Taxon
- shallotAllium cepa var. aggregatumt0
- Treatment
- Bacillus sp.e1
- Interactor
- Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. capaeFusarium oxysporume2pathogen
- Second interactor
- Bacillus sp.e1biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- effectivenesse1
- Direction
- reached up toe1
- Value
- 24.76%e1
- Setting
- in vivoe1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Shallots”
e1“The effectiveness of Trichoderma sp. and Bacillus sp. to control MDS singly in vivo reached up to 34.42% and 24.76% respectively”
e2“Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. capae (Foce)”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude that the two biocontrol agents can be applied in combination to reduce the risk of failure of single application.
- Taxon
- shallotAllium cepa var. aggregatumt0
- Outcome
- possible to apply in combination mannere1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Shallots”
e1“the couple biological control agent is possible to apply in combination manner to minimize the risk of failure in single manner application”
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- positive
Trichoderma · Fusarium · Allium cepa (onion)Results agree
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- positive
- positive
- positive
1 paper more in this group
See all 5 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.