Abstract
An experiment was carried out to evaluate the effect of different essential oils, bio-agent and their combinations in in vivo conditions for management of early blight of tomato caused by Alternaria solani and also to increase the growth parameters and yield. A total of eight treatments taken as seedling treatment namely Neem oil (5%), Castor oil (5%), Clove oil (5%), Trichoderma viride (5%), Neem oil + T. viride (2.5%+ 2.5%), Castor oil + T. viride (2.5%+ 2.5%) and lastly Clove oil + T. viride (2.5%+ 2.5%) including control were replicated three times. During evaluation, all the seven treatments were found to be significantly superior over control in managing early blight and also in increasing the growth parameters and yield. Among all the treatments Neem oil + T. viride (2.5%+ 2.5%) followed by Neem oil (5%), Trichoderma viride (5%) were significantly superior over other treatments in reducing early blight infection and also in increasing growth parameters of the crop. Subsequently, cost benefit ratio was also most desirable with Neem oil + T. viride (2.5%+ 2.5%) followed by Clove oil + T. viride (2.5%+ 2.5%). Trichoderma viride is most effective with the combination of essential oils than the single treatment to control early blight disease intensity and also in increasing the growth parameters respectively and also found to be economic.
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Claims 5
Claim · model-written summary
All seven botanical and T. viride treatments significantly reduced early blight in tomato compared with the control.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicume0 - Treatment
- different essential oils, bio-agent and their combinationse0
- Interactor
- Alternaria solani
Alternaria solanie0pathogen - Second interactor
- Trichoderma viride
Trichoderma viridee2biocontrol_agent - Outcome
- managing early blighte1
- Direction
- superiore1
- Comparator
- controle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“evaluate the effect of different essential oils, bio-agent and their combinations in in vivo conditions for management of early blight of tomato caused by Alternaria solani”
e1“all the seven treatments were found to be significantly superior over control in managing early blight and also in increasing the growth parameters and yield”
e2“Among all the treatments Neem oil + T. viride (2.5%+ 2.5%) followed by Neem oil (5%), Trichoderma viride (5%) were significantly superior over other treatments in reducing early blight infection”
Claim · model-written summary
Neem oil + T. viride (2.5%+ 2.5%) was significantly superior to other treatments in reducing early blight infection in tomato.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- Neem oil + T. viride (2.5%+ 2.5%)e2
- Interactor
- Alternaria solaniAlternaria solanie0pathogen
- Outcome
- reducing early blight infectione2
- Direction
- significantly superiore2
- Comparator
- other treatmentse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“evaluate the effect of different essential oils, bio-agent and their combinations in in vivo conditions for management of early blight of tomato caused by Alternaria solani”
e2“Among all the treatments Neem oil + T. viride (2.5%+ 2.5%) followed by Neem oil (5%), Trichoderma viride (5%) were significantly superior over other treatments in reducing early blight infection”
Claim · model-written summary
All seven treatments significantly increased growth parameters and yield of tomato compared with the control.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- different essential oils, bio-agent and their combinationse0
- Outcome
- growth parameters and yielde1
- Direction
- increasinge1
- Comparator
- controle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“evaluate the effect of different essential oils, bio-agent and their combinations in in vivo conditions for management of early blight of tomato caused by Alternaria solani”
e1“all the seven treatments were found to be significantly superior over control in managing early blight and also in increasing the growth parameters and yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Neem oil + T. viride (2.5%+ 2.5%) gave the most desirable cost benefit ratio in tomato early blight control.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- Neem oil + T. viride (2.5%+ 2.5%)e3
- Outcome
- cost benefit ratioe3
- Direction
- most desirablee3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“evaluate the effect of different essential oils, bio-agent and their combinations in in vivo conditions for management of early blight of tomato caused by Alternaria solani”
e3“cost benefit ratio was also most desirable with Neem oil + T. viride (2.5%+ 2.5%)”
Claim · model-written summary
Trichoderma viride combined with essential oils was more effective against early blight than the single treatment.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- combination of essential oilse4
- Interactor
- Alternaria solaniAlternaria solanie0pathogen
- Second interactor
- Trichoderma virideTrichoderma viridee4biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- control early blight disease intensitye4
- Direction
- most effectivee4
- Comparator
- the single treatmente4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“evaluate the effect of different essential oils, bio-agent and their combinations in in vivo conditions for management of early blight of tomato caused by Alternaria solani”
e4“Trichoderma viride is most effective with the combination of essential oils than the single treatment to control early blight disease intensity”
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