Abstract
A research experiment was conducted during Rabi 2017-18 and 2018-19 at Kanpur to study the effect of irrigation, pre and post-emergence herbicides on Chenopodium album in wheat under split-plot design with four replication having four irrigation schedule and eight factors of weed management. Results revealed that application of two irrigations at CRI and active tillering stage (I1) significantly reduces the density of C. album and their fresh and dry weight with highest weed control efficiency (WCE) irrigation at CRI+ jointing+ booting+ flowering+ milking stage (I4) and irrigation at CRI + active tillering + booting + flowering stage (I3) and it was statistically at par with irrigation at CRI + jointing + booting (I2). Among weed management practices, significantly the lowest density, fresh and dry weight of C. album and the highest WCE was recorded with the post-emergence application of broadway (carfentrazone ethyl 20% + sulfosulfuron 25%WG) @ 100 g a.i. ha-1 at 35 DAS as compared to other treatments. None of the weed management treatments as effective as hand at 20 and 40 DAS.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Two irrigations at CRI and active tillering reduced the density and fresh and dry weight of C. album in wheat.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- two irrigations at CRI and active tillering stage (I1)e1
- Interactor
- C. album
Chenopodium albume1weed - Outcome
- density of C. album and their fresh and dry weighte1
- Direction
- reducese1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
e1“application of two irrigations at CRI and active tillering stage (I1) significantly reduces the density of C. album and their fresh and dry weight”
Claim · model-written summary
Irrigation at CRI + jointing + booting + flowering + milking stage gave the highest weed control efficiency in wheat.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- irrigation at CRI+ jointing+ booting+ flowering+ milking stage (I4)e2
- Outcome
- weed control efficiency (WCE)e2
- Direction
- higheste2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
e2“highest weed control efficiency (WCE) irrigation at CRI+ jointing+ booting+ flowering+ milking stage (I4)”
Claim · model-written summary
Irrigation at CRI + active tillering + booting + flowering stage gave the highest weed control efficiency in wheat.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- irrigation at CRI + active tillering + booting + flowering stage (I3)e3
- Outcome
- weed control efficiency (WCE)e2
- Direction
- higheste2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
e2“highest weed control efficiency (WCE) irrigation at CRI+ jointing+ booting+ flowering+ milking stage (I4)”
e3“irrigation at CRI + active tillering + booting + flowering stage (I3)”
Claim · model-written summary
Irrigation at CRI + jointing + booting was statistically at par with irrigation at CRI + jointing + booting + flowering + milking in weed control efficiency in wheat.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- irrigation at CRI + jointing + booting (I2)e4
- Outcome
- weed control efficiency (WCE)e2
- Direction
- at pare4
- Comparator
- irrigation at CRI+ jointing+ booting+ flowering+ milking stage (I4)e2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
e2“highest weed control efficiency (WCE) irrigation at CRI+ jointing+ booting+ flowering+ milking stage (I4)”
e4“it was statistically at par with irrigation at CRI + jointing + booting (I2)”
Claim · model-written summary
Post-emergence broadway at 35 DAS gave the lowest density, fresh and dry weight of C. album in wheat compared with other treatments.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- post-emergence application of broadway (carfentrazone ethyl 20% + sulfosulfuron 25%WG) @ 100 g a.i. ha-1 at 35 DASe5
- Interactor
- C. albumChenopodium albume5weed
- Outcome
- density, fresh and dry weight of C. albume5
- Direction
- loweste5
- Comparator
- other treatmentse5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
e5“significantly the lowest density, fresh and dry weight of C. album and the highest WCE was recorded with the post-emergence application of broadway (carfentrazone ethyl 20% + sulfosulfuron 25%WG) @ 100 g a.i. ha-1 at 35 DAS as compared to other treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Post-emergence broadway at 35 DAS gave the highest weed control efficiency in wheat compared with other treatments.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- post-emergence application of broadway (carfentrazone ethyl 20% + sulfosulfuron 25%WG) @ 100 g a.i. ha-1 at 35 DASe5
- Outcome
- WCEe5
- Direction
- higheste5
- Comparator
- other treatmentse5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
e5“significantly the lowest density, fresh and dry weight of C. album and the highest WCE was recorded with the post-emergence application of broadway (carfentrazone ethyl 20% + sulfosulfuron 25%WG) @ 100 g a.i. ha-1 at 35 DAS as compared to other treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
No weed management treatment was as effective as hand weeding at 20 and 40 DAS.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- weed management treatmentse6
- Outcome
- effectivee6
- Comparator
- hand at 20 and 40 DASe6
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)”
e6“None of the weed management treatments as effective as hand at 20 and 40 DAS”
The same questions in other papers
carfentrazone-ethyl · Chenopodium album · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
carfentrazone-ethyl · weed · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results agree
25 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
22 papers more in this group
See all 26 papers →tillage · weed · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results differ
125 papers in the same direction as this paper · 56 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- positive
- positive
- negative
179 papers more in this group
See all 183 papers →herbicide · Chenopodium album · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
3 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
- positive
1 paper more in this group
See all 5 papers →tillage · Chenopodium album · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
5 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- positive
4 papers more in this group
See all 8 papers →irrigation · weed · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
14 papers in the same direction as this paper · 7 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- positive
- no effect
- negative
19 papers more in this group
See all 23 papers →herbicide · weed · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
361 papers in the same direction as this paper · 34 in the opposite direction · 5 reporting no difference from an alternative
- positive
- negative
- negative
397 papers more in this group
See all 401 papers →irrigation · Chenopodium album · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
8 of 9 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.