Abstract
Brown rice (BR) and germinated brown rice (GBR) of Oryza sativa L. are popularly consumed by Asians because of their important healthy diet components. They are known to contain bioactive compounds and nutrients, such as phenolics, vitamins, fatty acids, and sugars, which help to maintain good health and reduce the incidences of various chronic diseases. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of germination on changes of nutrition-associated proteins in 4 rice cultivars. After germination for 24 h, the changes of seed nutrition-associated proteins were examined by shotgun proteomics. The total proteins from non-germinated seeds and 24 h germinated seeds of 4 rice cultivars were extracted and analyzed by in-gel digestion coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (GeLC-MS/MS). A total phenolic content was analyzed from the crude methanol extract of those grains after germination for 0, 24, and 48 h using Folin-Ciocalteu assay. The analysis showed that seed nutritional-associated proteins, especially phenolic-associated proteins, increased after germination according to the accumulation of the total phenolic content. The expressions of 6 phenolic-associated proteins, including phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, serine carboxypeptidase-like protein, isoflavone-7-O-methyltransferase, isoflavonoid glucosyltransferase, glycosyltransferase family 61 protein and UDP-glucose flavonoid 3-O-glucosyltransferase were increased by 2.20 - 15.90 folds after germination. This study provides evidence that rice germination for 24 h has essentially influenced the increased nutritional values of BR and the phenolic biosynthetic pathway.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by-nc-nd. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 4
Claim · model-written summary
Germination increased seed nutrition-associated proteins, especially phenolic-associated proteins, in rice.
- Taxon
- Oryza sativa L.
Oryza sativae2 - Material
- 4 rice cultivarse3
- Treatment
- germinatione1
- Outcome
- seed nutritional-associated proteinse1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Comparator
- non-germinated seedse3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“seed nutritional-associated proteins, especially phenolic-associated proteins, increased after germination according to the accumulation of the total phenolic content”
e2“Brown rice (BR) and germinated brown rice (GBR) of Oryza sativa L.”
e3“The total proteins from non-germinated seeds and 24 h germinated seeds of 4 rice cultivars were extracted”
Claim · model-written summary
Total phenolic content accumulated with germination for 0, 24 and 48 h in rice grains.
- Taxon
- Oryza sativa L.Oryza sativae2
- Treatment
- germination for 0, 24, and 48 he4
- Outcome
- total phenolic contente1
- Direction
- accumulatione1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“Brown rice (BR) and germinated brown rice (GBR) of Oryza sativa L.”
e4“after germination for 0, 24, and 48 h”
e1“the accumulation of the total phenolic content”
Claim · model-written summary
Six phenolic-associated proteins (phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, serine carboxypeptidase-like protein, isoflavone-7-O-methyltransferase) increased 2.20 to 15.90 fold after germination.
- Taxon
- Oryza sativa L.Oryza sativae2
- Treatment
- germinatione5
- Gene
- phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, serine carboxypeptidase-like protein, isoflavone-7-O-methyltransferasee5
- Outcome
- expressions of 6 phenolic-associated proteinse5
- Direction
- increasede5
- Value
- 2.20 - 15.90 foldse5
- Comparator
- non-germinated seedse3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“The expressions of 6 phenolic-associated proteins, including phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, serine carboxypeptidase-like protein, isoflavone-7-O-methyltransferase, isoflavonoid glucosyltransferase, glycosyltransferase family 61 protein and UDP-glucose flavonoid 3-O-glucosyltransferase were increased by 2.20 - 15.90 folds after germination”
e2“Brown rice (BR) and germinated brown rice (GBR) of Oryza sativa L.”
e3“The total proteins from non-germinated seeds and 24 h germinated seeds of 4 rice cultivars were extracted”
Claim · model-written summary
Isoflavonoid glucosyltransferase, glycosyltransferase family 61 protein and UDP-glucose flavonoid 3-O-glucosyltransferase increased 2.20 to 15.90 fold after germination.
- Taxon
- Oryza sativa L.Oryza sativae2
- Treatment
- germinatione5
- Gene
- isoflavonoid glucosyltransferase, glycosyltransferase family 61 protein and UDP-glucose flavonoid 3-O-glucosyltransferasee5
- Outcome
- expressions of 6 phenolic-associated proteinse5
- Direction
- increasede5
- Value
- 2.20 - 15.90 foldse5
- Comparator
- non-germinated seedse3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“The expressions of 6 phenolic-associated proteins, including phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, serine carboxypeptidase-like protein, isoflavone-7-O-methyltransferase, isoflavonoid glucosyltransferase, glycosyltransferase family 61 protein and UDP-glucose flavonoid 3-O-glucosyltransferase were increased by 2.20 - 15.90 folds after germination”
e2“Brown rice (BR) and germinated brown rice (GBR) of Oryza sativa L.”
e3“The total proteins from non-germinated seeds and 24 h germinated seeds of 4 rice cultivars were extracted”
The same questions in other papers
processing · quality: phytochemicals · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results
22 papers in the same direction as this paper · 14 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
- positive
33 papers more in this group
See all 37 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.