Abstract
γ-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) is a widely distributed non-protein amino acid mediated the regulation of nitrate uptake and Al3+ tolerance in plants. However, there are few reports about the involvement of GABA in the regulation of iron (Fe) acquisition and translocation. Here, we show that GABA regulates Fe homeostasis in rice seedlings. Exogenous GABA decreased the chlorophyll concentration in leaves, with or without Fe supply. Over-expression of glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) gene, coding a crucial enzyme of GABA production, elevated endogenous GABA content and caused more leaf chlorosis than wild type (Nipponbare). GABA inhibited Fe transportation from roots to shoots and GABA application elevated the expression levels of Fe deficiency (FD)-related genes under conditions of Fe-sufficiency (FS), suggesting that GABA is a regulator of Fe translocation. Using Perls’ blue staining, we found that more ferric iron (Fe3+) was deposited in the epidermal cells of roots treated with GABA compared with control roots. Anatomic section analysis showed that GABA treatment induced more aerenchyma formation compared with the control. Aerenchyma facilitated the oxidization of soluble ferrous iron (Fe2+) into insoluble Fe3+, resulted in Fe precipitation in the epidermis, and inhibited the transportation of Fe from roots to shoots.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Exogenous GABA decreased chlorophyll concentration in rice leaves, with or without Fe supply.
- Taxon
- rice seedlings
Oryza sativae6 - Treatment
- Exogenous GABAe0
- Outcome
- chlorophyll concentration in leavese0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Qualifier
- with or without Fe supplye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Exogenous GABA decreased the chlorophyll concentration in leaves, with or without Fe supply”
e6“Here, we show that GABA regulates Fe homeostasis in rice seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Over-expression of the glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) gene elevated endogenous GABA content in rice compared with wild type Nipponbare.
- Taxon
- rice seedlingsOryza sativae6
- Treatment
- Over-expression of glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) genee1
- Gene
- glutamate decarboxylase (GAD)e1
- Outcome
- endogenous GABA contente1
- Direction
- elevatede1
- Comparator
- wild type (Nipponbare)e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Over-expression of glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) gene, coding a crucial enzyme of GABA production, elevated endogenous GABA content and caused more leaf chlorosis than wild type (Nipponbare)”
e6“Here, we show that GABA regulates Fe homeostasis in rice seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Over-expression of the glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) gene caused more leaf chlorosis than wild type Nipponbare.
- Taxon
- rice seedlingsOryza sativae6
- Treatment
- Over-expression of glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) genee1
- Gene
- glutamate decarboxylase (GAD)e1
- Outcome
- leaf chlorosise1
- Direction
- moree1
- Comparator
- wild type (Nipponbare)e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Over-expression of glutamate decarboxylase (GAD) gene, coding a crucial enzyme of GABA production, elevated endogenous GABA content and caused more leaf chlorosis than wild type (Nipponbare)”
e6“Here, we show that GABA regulates Fe homeostasis in rice seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
GABA inhibited iron transportation from roots to shoots in rice seedlings.
- Taxon
- rice seedlingsOryza sativae6
- Treatment
- GABAe2
- Outcome
- Fe transportation from roots to shootse2
- Direction
- inhibitede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“GABA inhibited Fe transportation from roots to shoots and GABA application elevated the expression levels of Fe deficiency (FD)-related genes under conditions of Fe-sufficiency (FS)”
e6“Here, we show that GABA regulates Fe homeostasis in rice seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
GABA application elevated expression of Fe deficiency-related genes under Fe-sufficient conditions.
- Taxon
- rice seedlingsOryza sativae6
- Treatment
- GABA applicatione2
- Outcome
- expression levels of Fe deficiency (FD)-related genese2
- Direction
- elevatede2
- Qualifier
- under conditions of Fe-sufficiency (FS)e2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“GABA inhibited Fe transportation from roots to shoots and GABA application elevated the expression levels of Fe deficiency (FD)-related genes under conditions of Fe-sufficiency (FS)”
e6“Here, we show that GABA regulates Fe homeostasis in rice seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
GABA treatment led to more ferric iron deposition in the epidermal cells of roots than control roots.
- Taxon
- rice seedlingsOryza sativae6
- Organ / stage
- epidermal cells of rootse4
- Treatment
- GABAe4
- Outcome
- ferric iron (Fe3+)e4
- Direction
- moree4
- Comparator
- control rootse4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“more ferric iron (Fe3+) was deposited in the epidermal cells of roots treated with GABA compared with control roots”
e6“Here, we show that GABA regulates Fe homeostasis in rice seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
GABA treatment induced more aerenchyma formation than the control in rice seedlings.
- Taxon
- rice seedlingsOryza sativae6
- Treatment
- GABA treatmente3
- Outcome
- aerenchyma formatione3
- Direction
- moree3
- Comparator
- controle3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“GABA treatment induced more aerenchyma formation compared with the control”
e6“Here, we show that GABA regulates Fe homeostasis in rice seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Aerenchyma facilitated the oxidation of soluble ferrous iron into insoluble Fe3+ in rice roots.
- Taxon
- rice seedlingsOryza sativae6
- Organ / stage
- Aerenchymae5
- Compound
- ferrous iron (Fe2+)e5
- Outcome
- oxidization of soluble ferrous iron (Fe2+) into insoluble Fe3+e5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“Aerenchyma facilitated the oxidization of soluble ferrous iron (Fe2+) into insoluble Fe3+, resulted in Fe precipitation in the epidermis, and inhibited the transportation of Fe from roots to shoots”
e6“Here, we show that GABA regulates Fe homeostasis in rice seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
Aerenchyma resulted in iron precipitation in the root epidermis and inhibited iron transportation from roots to shoots.
- Taxon
- rice seedlingsOryza sativae6
- Outcome
- transportation of Fe from roots to shootse5
- Direction
- inhibitede5
- Qualifier
- resulted in Fe precipitation in the epidermise5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“Aerenchyma facilitated the oxidization of soluble ferrous iron (Fe2+) into insoluble Fe3+, resulted in Fe precipitation in the epidermis, and inhibited the transportation of Fe from roots to shoots”
e6“Here, we show that GABA regulates Fe homeostasis in rice seedlings”
The same questions in other papers
gamma-aminobutyric acid · physiology: pigments · Oryza sativa (rice)Results differ
4 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
1 paper more in this group
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