Abstract
The ever-increasing industrial activities over the decades have generated high toxic metal such as chromium (Cr) that hampers the crop productivity. This study evaluated the effect of Cr on two chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) varieties, Pusa 2085 and Pusa Green 112, in hydroponic and pot-grown conditions. First, growth parameters (seed germination, seedling growth, and biomass production) and physio-biochemical parameters (oxidative stress and the content of antioxidants and proline) were measured to evaluate the performance of both varieties grown hydroponically for 21 days at concentrations of 0, 30, 60, 90 and 120 μM Cr in the form of potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7). In both varieties, significantly deleterious effects on germination and seedling growth parameters were observed at 90 and 120 μM, while growth was stimulated at 30 μM Cr. Significant increases in malondialdehyde and hydrogen peroxide content and electrolyte leakage demonstrated enhanced oxidative injury to seedlings caused by higher concentrations of Cr. Further, increasing concentrations of Cr positively correlated with increased proline content, superoxide dismutase activity, and peroxide content in leaves. There was also an increase in peroxisomal ascorbate peroxidase and catalase in the leaves of both varieties at lower Cr concentrations, whereas a steep decline was recorded at higher Cr concentrations. In the pot experiments conducted over two consecutive years, growth, yield, yield attributes, grain protein, and Cr uptake and accumulation were measured at different Cr concentrations. Pusa Green 112 showed a significant reduction in plant growth, chlorophyll content, grain protein, pod number, and grain yield per plant when compared with Pusa 2085. Overall, our results indicate that Pusa 2085 has a higher Cr tolerance than Pusa Green 112. Therefore, Pusa 2085 could be used to further elucidate the mechanisms of Cr tolerance in plants and in breeding programmes to produce Cr-resistant varieties.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
At 90 and 120 μM Cr, both varieties had impaired germination and seedling growth.
- Taxon
- chickpea
Cicer arietinumt0 - Treatment
- 90 and 120 μMe0
- Outcome
- germination and seedling growth parameterse0
- Direction
- deleteriouse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In both varieties, significantly deleterious effects on germination and seedling growth parameters were observed at 90 and 120 μM, while growth was stimulated at 30 μM Cr.”
t0“Effect of chromium (VI) toxicity on morpho-physiological characteristics, yield, and yield components of two chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) varieties”
Claim · model-written summary
Growth was stimulated at 30 μM Cr.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- 30 μM Cre0
- Outcome
- growthe0
- Direction
- stimulatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In both varieties, significantly deleterious effects on germination and seedling growth parameters were observed at 90 and 120 μM, while growth was stimulated at 30 μM Cr.”
t0“Effect of chromium (VI) toxicity on morpho-physiological characteristics, yield, and yield components of two chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) varieties”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher Cr concentrations increased malondialdehyde, hydrogen peroxide and electrolyte leakage in seedlings.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Organ / stage
- seedlingse0
- Treatment
- higher concentrations of Cre0
- Outcome
- malondialdehyde and hydrogen peroxide content and electrolyte leakagee0
- Direction
- increasese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Significant increases in malondialdehyde and hydrogen peroxide content and electrolyte leakage demonstrated enhanced oxidative injury to seedlings caused by higher concentrations of Cr.”
t0“Effect of chromium (VI) toxicity on morpho-physiological characteristics, yield, and yield components of two chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) varieties”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing Cr concentrations correlated with increased leaf proline content, superoxide dismutase activity and peroxide content.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Organ / stage
- leavese0
- Treatment
- increasing concentrations of Cre0
- Outcome
- proline content, superoxide dismutase activity, and peroxide contente0
- Direction
- increasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Further, increasing concentrations of Cr positively correlated with increased proline content, superoxide dismutase activity, and peroxide content in leaves.”
t0“Effect of chromium (VI) toxicity on morpho-physiological characteristics, yield, and yield components of two chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) varieties”
Claim · model-written summary
Lower Cr concentrations increased leaf peroxisomal ascorbate peroxidase and catalase.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Organ / stage
- leavese0
- Treatment
- lower Cr concentrationse0
- Outcome
- peroxisomal ascorbate peroxidase and catalasee0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“There was also an increase in peroxisomal ascorbate peroxidase and catalase in the leaves of both varieties at lower Cr concentrations, whereas a steep decline was recorded at higher Cr concentrations.”
t0“Effect of chromium (VI) toxicity on morpho-physiological characteristics, yield, and yield components of two chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) varieties”
Claim · model-written summary
Higher Cr concentrations sharply reduced leaf peroxisomal ascorbate peroxidase and catalase.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Treatment
- higher Cr concentrationse0
- Outcome
- peroxisomal ascorbate peroxidase and catalasee0
- Direction
- steep declinee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“There was also an increase in peroxisomal ascorbate peroxidase and catalase in the leaves of both varieties at lower Cr concentrations, whereas a steep decline was recorded at higher Cr concentrations.”
t0“Effect of chromium (VI) toxicity on morpho-physiological characteristics, yield, and yield components of two chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) varieties”
Claim · model-written summary
Pusa Green 112 showed lower growth and chlorophyll content than Pusa 2085.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Material
- Pusa Green 112e0
- Outcome
- plant growth, chlorophyll contente0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Comparator
- Pusa 2085e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Pusa Green 112 showed a significant reduction in plant growth, chlorophyll content, grain protein, pod number, and grain yield per plant when compared with Pusa 2085.”
t0“Effect of chromium (VI) toxicity on morpho-physiological characteristics, yield, and yield components of two chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) varieties”
Claim · model-written summary
Pusa Green 112 had lower grain protein, pod number and grain yield per plant than Pusa 2085.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Material
- Pusa Green 112e0
- Outcome
- grain protein, pod number, and grain yield per plante0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Comparator
- Pusa 2085e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Pusa Green 112 showed a significant reduction in plant growth, chlorophyll content, grain protein, pod number, and grain yield per plant when compared with Pusa 2085.”
t0“Effect of chromium (VI) toxicity on morpho-physiological characteristics, yield, and yield components of two chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) varieties”
Claim · model-written summary
Pusa 2085 had higher Cr tolerance than Pusa Green 112.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Material
- Pusa 2085e0
- Outcome
- Cr tolerancee0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- Pusa Green 112e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Overall, our results indicate that Pusa 2085 has a higher Cr tolerance than Pusa Green 112.”
t0“Effect of chromium (VI) toxicity on morpho-physiological characteristics, yield, and yield components of two chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) varieties”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors propose Pusa 2085 for Cr tolerance research and breeding Cr-resistant varieties.
- Taxon
- chickpeaCicer arietinumt0
- Material
- Pusa 2085e0
- Outcome
- used to further elucidate the mechanisms of Cr tolerance in plants and in breeding programmes to produce Cr-resistant varietiese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Therefore, Pusa 2085 could be used to further elucidate the mechanisms of Cr tolerance in plants and in breeding programmes to produce Cr-resistant varieties.”
t0“Effect of chromium (VI) toxicity on morpho-physiological characteristics, yield, and yield components of two chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) varieties”
The same questions in other papers
chromium atom · growth · Cicer arietinum (chickpea)Results differ
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
- negative
1 paper more in this group
See all 5 papers →chromium atom · physiology: oxidative · Cicer arietinum (chickpea)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- negative
- negative
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.