Abstract
Two field experiments were conduced at Rice Research and TrainingCenter, Sakha Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt in 2007 and 2008 summer seasons to study the effect of split application of N and K to SK2047 hybrid rice [IR70368A/Giza 178R]. One level of N fertilization was used, 165 kg N/ha in the form of urea applied in three different times (N1) as two splits [2/3 incorporated into dry soil before transplanting + 1/3 before panicle initiation), (N2) as three equal splits [1/3 incorporated into dry soil before transplanting + 1/3 at mid tillering + 1/3 before panicle initiation], (N3) as three splits [1/2 incorporated into dry soil before transplanting + 1/4 at mid-tillering + 1/4 at panicle initiation]. One level of potassium (60 kg K2O/ha) was applied. All amount was applied as follow: (K1) without potassium (control), (K2) the total amount was applied as basal (100% B), (K3) one half as basal and one half at panicle initiation (50% B + 50% PI), (K4) one half as basal and other half in two equal splits; at mid-tillering and at panicle initiation (50% B + 25% T + 25% PI) and (K5) in four equal splits: basal, mid-tillering, panicle initiation and heading (25% B + 25% MT + 25% PI and 25% at heading). The main results could be summarized as follows: Three equal split applications of nitrogen (N2); [1/3 B + 1/3 MT + 1/3 PI) was superior in dry matter (DM), flag leaf area (FLA), leaf area index (LAI), N and K shoot content, panicle number, % of filled grains/panicle, panicle weight, 1000-grain weight, harvest index (HI) and grain yield. Potassium applications increased growth characters, grain yield and its components and N and K shoot content compared with the control. While, split-applied potassium with three doses (K4); 50% B + 25% MT + 25% PI, gave the highest values of studied parameters without any significant differences with those produced by (K5); 25% B + 25% MT + 25% PI + 25% heading in rice grain yield. The interaction between split application of N and K was significant for filled grains percentage and K shoot content in 2007 season. It could be concluded that for raising hybrid rice productivity, both nitrogen and potassium should be applied in the following formulas; 1/3 basal (B) + 1/3 at mid tillering stage (MT) + 1/3 at panicle initiation (PI) and 50% basal (B) + 25% at mid tillering stage (MT) + 25% at panicle initiation (PI) for nitrogen and potassium respectively.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Three equal nitrogen splits were superior for dry matter, flag leaf area and leaf area index.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativat0 - Treatment
- Three equal split applications of nitrogen (N2)e0
- Outcome
- dry matter (DM), flag leaf area (FLA), leaf area index (LAI)e0
- Direction
- superiore0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Three equal split applications of nitrogen (N2); [1/3 B + 1/3 MT + 1/3 PI) was superior in dry matter (DM), flag leaf area (FLA), leaf area index (LAI), N and K shoot content, panicle number, % of filled grains/panicle, panicle weight, 1000-grain weight, harvest index (HI) and grain yield.”
t0“RICE”
Claim · model-written summary
Three equal nitrogen splits were superior for nitrogen and potassium shoot content.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Three equal split applications of nitrogen (N2)e0
- Outcome
- N and K shoot contente0
- Direction
- superiore0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Three equal split applications of nitrogen (N2); [1/3 B + 1/3 MT + 1/3 PI) was superior in dry matter (DM), flag leaf area (FLA), leaf area index (LAI), N and K shoot content, panicle number, % of filled grains/panicle, panicle weight, 1000-grain weight, harvest index (HI) and grain yield.”
t0“RICE”
Claim · model-written summary
Three equal nitrogen splits were superior for panicle number, filled grain percentage and panicle weight.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Three equal split applications of nitrogen (N2)e0
- Outcome
- panicle number, % of filled grains/panicle, panicle weighte0
- Direction
- superiore0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Three equal split applications of nitrogen (N2); [1/3 B + 1/3 MT + 1/3 PI) was superior in dry matter (DM), flag leaf area (FLA), leaf area index (LAI), N and K shoot content, panicle number, % of filled grains/panicle, panicle weight, 1000-grain weight, harvest index (HI) and grain yield.”
t0“RICE”
Claim · model-written summary
Three equal nitrogen splits were superior for grain weight, harvest index and grain yield.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Three equal split applications of nitrogen (N2)e0
- Outcome
- 1000-grain weight, harvest index (HI) and grain yielde0
- Direction
- superiore0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Three equal split applications of nitrogen (N2); [1/3 B + 1/3 MT + 1/3 PI) was superior in dry matter (DM), flag leaf area (FLA), leaf area index (LAI), N and K shoot content, panicle number, % of filled grains/panicle, panicle weight, 1000-grain weight, harvest index (HI) and grain yield.”
t0“RICE”
Claim · model-written summary
Potassium application increased growth characters and grain yield relative to control.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Potassium applicationse0
- Outcome
- growth characters, grain yield and its componentse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- the controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Potassium applications increased growth characters, grain yield and its components and N and K shoot content compared with the control.”
t0“RICE”
Claim · model-written summary
Potassium application increased nitrogen and potassium shoot content relative to control.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- Potassium applicationse0
- Outcome
- N and K shoot contente0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- the controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Potassium applications increased growth characters, grain yield and its components and N and K shoot content compared with the control.”
t0“RICE”
Claim · model-written summary
K4 potassium splitting produced the highest values of studied parameters.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- split-applied potassium with three doses (K4); 50% B + 25% MT + 25% PIe0
- Outcome
- studied parameterse0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“split-applied potassium with three doses (K4); 50% B + 25% MT + 25% PI, gave the highest values of studied parameters without any significant differences with those produced by (K5); 25% B + 25% MT + 25% PI + 25% heading in rice grain yield.”
t0“RICE”
Claim · model-written summary
K4 and K5 did not differ significantly in rice grain yield.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- (K5); 25% B + 25% MT + 25% PI + 25% headinge0
- Outcome
- rice grain yielde0
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede0
- Comparator
- K4e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“without any significant differences with those produced by (K5); 25% B + 25% MT + 25% PI + 25% heading in rice grain yield.”
t0“RICE”
e1“split-applied potassium with three doses (K4); 50% B + 25% MT + 25% PI, gave the highest values of studied parameters without any significant differences with those produced by (K5); 25% B + 25% MT + 25% PI + 25% heading in rice grain yield.”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen by potassium split interaction was significant for filled grain percentage in 2007.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- filled grains percentagee0
- Qualifier
- 2007 seasone0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The interaction between split application of N and K was significant for filled grains percentage and K shoot content in 2007 season.”
t0“RICE”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen by potassium split interaction was significant for potassium shoot content in 2007.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- K shoot contente0
- Qualifier
- 2007 seasone0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The interaction between split application of N and K was significant for filled grains percentage and K shoot content in 2007 season.”
t0“RICE”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend one-third nitrogen at each of basal, mid tillering and panicle initiation for productivity.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- 1/3 basal (B) + 1/3 at mid tillering stage (MT) + 1/3 at panicle initiation (PI)e0
- Qualifier
- nitrogene0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“1/3 basal (B) + 1/3 at mid tillering stage (MT) + 1/3 at panicle initiation (PI) and 50% basal (B) + 25% at mid tillering stage (MT) + 25% at panicle initiation (PI) for nitrogen and potassium respectively.”
t0“RICE”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend 50% basal and 25% each at mid tillering and panicle initiation for potassium.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- 50% basal (B) + 25% at mid tillering stage (MT) + 25% at panicle initiation (PI)e0
- Qualifier
- potassiume0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“1/3 basal (B) + 1/3 at mid tillering stage (MT) + 1/3 at panicle initiation (PI) and 50% basal (B) + 25% at mid tillering stage (MT) + 25% at panicle initiation (PI) for nitrogen and potassium respectively.”
t0“RICE”
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