Abstract
Lipid content has an important effect on rice eating quality, but the effects of fertilizer application rate on lipid synthesis and eating quality of rice are not well understood. Potassium (K) has a great influence on rice quality and the requirements for K fertilizer is greater than that of nitrogen (N) and phosphate (P) fertilizer in rice. To investigate the effects of K fertilizer on lipid synthesis and eating quality of rice, we used Nanjing (NJ) 9108 (japonica) and IR72 (indica) rice as experimental materials and four K levels, K0 (0 kg ha-1), K1 (90 kg ha-1), K2 (135 kg ha-1) and K3 (180 kg ha-1). The results showed that the lipid, free fatty acid (FFA) content, unsaturated fatty acid (UFA) content, malonyl-CoA (MCA) content, phosphatidic acid (PA) content, lipid synthesis-related enzyme activities and eating quality of both cultivars first increased and then decreased with increasing K. The maximum values were obtained under K2. However, the saturated fatty acid (SFA) content showed the opposite trend. No significant differences were found in pyruvate (PYR) content between K treatments. Protein and oxaloacetic acid (OAA) contents and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPCase) activity of NJ 9108 first increased and then decreased with increasing K and the minimum values were obtained under K2 while IR72 showed the opposite trend and the maximum values were obtained under K1. Overall, increasing K optimized fatty acid components and increased the lipid content and eating quality of rice by enhancing lipid synthesis-related enzyme activities and regulating substrate competition for lipid and protein synthesis. The optimal K application rate for lipid synthesis, eating quality and grain yield of both cultivars was 135 kg ha-1.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
In both rice cultivars, lipid, free fatty acid and unsaturated fatty acid contents first increased and then decreased with increasing K, with maximum values under K2.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativat0 - Treatment
- increasing Ke1
- Outcome
- lipid, free fatty acid (FFA) content, unsaturated fatty acid (UFA) contente0
- Direction
- first increased and then decreasede1
- Qualifier
- maximum values were obtained under K2e2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“lipid, free fatty acid (FFA) content, unsaturated fatty acid (UFA) content”
e1“of both cultivars first increased and then decreased with increasing K”
e2“The maximum values were obtained under K2”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
In both rice cultivars, malonyl-CoA and phosphatidic acid contents first increased and then decreased with increasing K, with maximum values under K2.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- increasing Ke1
- Outcome
- malonyl-CoA (MCA) content, phosphatidic acid (PA) contente0
- Direction
- first increased and then decreasede1
- Qualifier
- maximum values were obtained under K2e2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“malonyl-CoA (MCA) content, phosphatidic acid (PA) content”
e1“of both cultivars first increased and then decreased with increasing K”
e2“The maximum values were obtained under K2”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
In both rice cultivars, lipid synthesis-related enzyme activities and eating quality first increased and then decreased with increasing K, with maximum values under K2.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- increasing Ke1
- Outcome
- lipid synthesis-related enzyme activities and eating qualitye0
- Direction
- first increased and then decreasede1
- Qualifier
- maximum values were obtained under K2e2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“lipid synthesis-related enzyme activities and eating quality”
e1“of both cultivars first increased and then decreased with increasing K”
e2“The maximum values were obtained under K2”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Saturated fatty acid content of rice showed the opposite trend to the other lipid traits with increasing K.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- increasing Ke1
- Outcome
- saturated fatty acid (SFA) contente0
- Direction
- opposite trende0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“saturated fatty acid (SFA) content showed the opposite trend”
e1“of both cultivars first increased and then decreased with increasing K”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Pyruvate content did not differ significantly between K treatments.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- K treatmentse0
- Outcome
- pyruvate (PYR) contente0
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“No significant differences were found in pyruvate (PYR) content between K treatments”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
In NJ 9108, protein and oxaloacetic acid contents and PEPCase activity first increased and then decreased with increasing K, with minimum values under K2.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- NJ 9108e0
- Treatment
- increasing Ke0
- Outcome
- Protein and oxaloacetic acid (OAA) contents and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPCase) activitye0
- Direction
- first increased and then decreasede0
- Qualifier
- minimum values were obtained under K2e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Protein and oxaloacetic acid (OAA) contents and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPCase) activity of NJ 9108 first increased and then decreased with increasing K and the minimum values were obtained under K2”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
In IR72, protein and oxaloacetic acid contents and PEPCase activity showed the opposite trend to NJ 9108, with maximum values under K1.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- IR72e1
- Treatment
- increasing Ke0
- Outcome
- Protein and oxaloacetic acid (OAA) contents and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPCase) activitye0
- Direction
- opposite trende1
- Qualifier
- maximum values were obtained under K1e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Protein and oxaloacetic acid (OAA) contents and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPCase) activity of NJ 9108 first increased and then decreased with increasing K and the minimum values were obtained under K2”
e1“IR72 showed the opposite trend and the maximum values were obtained under K1”
t0“rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing K is proposed to have optimized fatty acid components and raised rice lipid content and eating quality by enhancing lipid synthesis-related enzyme activities and regulating substrate competition between lipid and protein synthesis.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- increasing Ke0
- Outcome
- lipid content and eating qualitye0
- Qualifier
- enhancing lipid synthesis-related enzyme activities and regulating substrate competition for lipid and protein synthesise0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increasing K optimized fatty acid components and increased the lipid content and eating quality of rice by enhancing lipid synthesis-related enzyme activities and regulating substrate competition for lipid and protein synthesis”
Claim · model-written summary
The optimal K application rate for lipid synthesis, eating quality and grain yield of both rice cultivars was 135 kg ha-1.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- lipid synthesis, eating quality and grain yielde0
- Value
- 135 kg ha-1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The optimal K application rate for lipid synthesis, eating quality and grain yield of both cultivars was 135 kg ha-1”
t0“rice”
The same questions in other papers
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