Abstract
The Songnen Plain, whose climatic conditions are perfectly suited to sugar beet growth, is located in northeastern China. Unfortunately, this region has a lot of saline-alkaline land, which is the most important factor limiting sugar beet production. This study was undertaken to determine whether biochar-based organic fertilizer could alleviate the negative effect of saline-alkaline soil on sugar beet yield and whether such an effect correlated with changes in nitrogen assimilation, antioxidant system, root activity, and photosynthesis. Three treatments were established: Chemical fertilizers were applied to neutral soil (CK), chemical fertilizers were applied to saline-alkaline soil (SA), and biochar-based organic fertilizer was applied to saline-alkaline soil (SA + B). Our results showed that saline-alkaline stress significantly inhibited the nitrogen assimilation and antioxidant enzymes activities in root, root activity, and photosynthesis, thus significantly reducing the yield and sugar content of sugar beet. Under saline-alkaline conditions, the application of biochar-based organic fertilizer improved the activities of nitrogen assimilation enzymes in the root; at the same time, the antioxidant enzymes activities of the root were significantly increased for improving root activity in this treatment. Moreover, the application of biochar-based organic fertilizer could improve the synthesis of photosynthetic pigments, PSII (Photosystem II) activity, stomatal opening, and photosynthesis of sugar beet under saline-alkaline conditions. Hence, the growth and yield of sugar beet were improved by applying biochar-based organic fertilizer to saline-alkaline soil. These results proved the significance of biochar-based organic fertilizer in alleviating the negative effect of saline-alkaline stress on sugar beet. The results obtained in the pot experiment may not be viable in field conditions. Therefore, in the future, we will verify whether biochar-based organic fertilizer could alleviate the adverse effects of saline-alkaline stress on sugar beets yield under field conditions.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Saline-alkaline stress significantly inhibited root nitrogen assimilation and antioxidant enzymes.
- Taxon
- sugar beet
Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0 - Treatment
- saline-alkaline stresse0
- Outcome
- nitrogen assimilation and antioxidant enzymes activities in roote0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“saline-alkaline stress significantly inhibited the nitrogen assimilation and antioxidant enzymes activities in root”
t0“Sugar Beet”
Claim · model-written summary
Saline-alkaline stress inhibited root activity and photosynthesis.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- saline-alkaline stresse0
- Outcome
- root activity, and photosynthesise0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“saline-alkaline stress significantly inhibited the nitrogen assimilation and antioxidant enzymes activities in root, root activity, and photosynthesis”
t0“Sugar Beet”
Claim · model-written summary
Saline-alkaline stress significantly reduced sugar beet yield.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarise0
- Treatment
- saline-alkaline stresst0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- reducinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“thus significantly reducing the yield and sugar content of sugar beet”
t0“saline-alkaline stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Saline-alkaline stress significantly reduced sugar content.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarise0
- Treatment
- saline-alkaline stresst0
- Outcome
- sugar contente0
- Direction
- reducinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“thus significantly reducing the yield and sugar content of sugar beet”
t0“saline-alkaline stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Biochar organic fertilizer improved root nitrogen assimilation enzyme activities under saline-alkaline conditions.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- biochar-based organic fertilizere0
- Outcome
- activities of nitrogen assimilation enzymes in the roote0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under saline-alkaline conditions, the application of biochar-based organic fertilizer improved the activities of nitrogen assimilation enzymes in the root”
t0“Sugar Beet”
Claim · model-written summary
Biochar organic fertilizer significantly increased root antioxidant enzyme activities.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- biochar-based organic fertilizere1
- Outcome
- antioxidant enzymes activities of the roote0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the antioxidant enzymes activities of the root were significantly increased for improving root activity in this treatment”
t0“Sugar Beet”
e1“the application of biochar-based organic fertilizer improved the activities of nitrogen assimilation enzymes in the root”
Claim · model-written summary
Biochar organic fertilizer improved root activity.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
- Treatment
- biochar-based organic fertilizere1
- Outcome
- root activitye0
- Direction
- improvinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the antioxidant enzymes activities of the root were significantly increased for improving root activity in this treatment”
t0“Sugar Beet”
e1“the application of biochar-based organic fertilizer improved the activities of nitrogen assimilation enzymes in the root”
Claim · model-written summary
Biochar organic fertilizer improved photosynthetic pigment synthesis and PSII activity.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarise0
- Treatment
- biochar-based organic fertilizere0
- Outcome
- synthesis of photosynthetic pigments, PSII (Photosystem II) activitye0
- Direction
- improvee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the application of biochar-based organic fertilizer could improve the synthesis of photosynthetic pigments, PSII (Photosystem II) activity, stomatal opening, and photosynthesis of sugar beet under saline-alkaline conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
Biochar organic fertilizer improved stomatal opening and photosynthesis.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarise0
- Treatment
- biochar-based organic fertilizere0
- Outcome
- stomatal opening, and photosynthesise0
- Direction
- improvee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the application of biochar-based organic fertilizer could improve the synthesis of photosynthetic pigments, PSII (Photosystem II) activity, stomatal opening, and photosynthesis of sugar beet under saline-alkaline conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
Biochar organic fertilizer improved sugar beet growth.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarise0
- Treatment
- biochar-based organic fertilizere0
- Outcome
- growthe0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the growth and yield of sugar beet were improved by applying biochar-based organic fertilizer to saline-alkaline soil”
Claim · model-written summary
Biochar organic fertilizer improved sugar beet yield.
- Taxon
- sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarise0
- Treatment
- biochar-based organic fertilizere0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the growth and yield of sugar beet were improved by applying biochar-based organic fertilizer to saline-alkaline soil”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.