Abstract
Abstract Sugarbeet ( Beta vulgaris L.) root quality has been steadily decreasing since the early 1950's with increased use of N fertilizer. Since the extent of these decreases may be associated with the time and amount of N uptake, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of several rates and times of N fertilizer applications and N uptake by sugarbeets on seasonal growth rates, sucrose percentage and accumulation, dry matter production, and partitioning of the photosynthate. Sugarbeets were grown under field conditions on a Portneuf silt loam soil (Durixerollic Calciorthids, coarsesilty, mixed, mesic) near Twin Falls, Idaho, in 1977, using four N rates, each applied preplant, mid‐June, mid‐July, and mid‐August. Root yields, sucrose concentration and yield, dry matter production, leaf area index, and plant N uptake were determined from samples taken throughout the season. Adding N fertilizer above that needed for optimum plant growth or delaying N application until midseason caused a greater proportion of the photosynthate to be used for increased top growth at the expense of dry matter and sucrose accumulation in the roots. Sucrose accumulation was maximum from late July until early September; therefore, during this period, addition of N and N uptake by the plant caused the greatest decrease in sucrose accumulation and production at harvest. Increasing N levels decreased sucrose concentrations during the season and at harvest because of 1) increased moisture level of roots, and 2) dry matter produced and accumulated in the roots having a decreased sucrose concentration. The rate of accumulation of stored sucrose was reduced by midseason N application, but stored sucrose was not used for increased growth of beet tops. Excess and late N applications also increased impurities in the beet root, decreasing extractability of stored sucrose, which further decreased refined sucrose production. Early application of N fertilizer at optimum levels should maximize refined sucrose production.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
N applied above the rate needed for optimum growth shifted photosynthate toward top growth at the expense of root dry matter and sucrose.
- Taxon
- Sugarbeet
Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgarise0 - Treatment
- Adding N fertilizer above that needed for optimum plant growthe1
- Outcome
- proportion of the photosynthate to be used for increased top growthe1
- Direction
- greatere1
- Qualifier
- at the expense of dry matter and sucrose accumulation in the rootse1
- Comparator
- that needed for optimum plant growthe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sugarbeet ( Beta vulgaris L.) root quality has been steadily decreasing”
e1“Adding N fertilizer above that needed for optimum plant growth or delaying N application until midseason caused a greater proportion of the photosynthate to be used for increased top growth at the expense of dry matter and sucrose accumulation in the roots”
Claim · model-written summary
Delaying N application until midseason shifted photosynthate toward top growth at the expense of root dry matter and sucrose.
- Taxon
- SugarbeetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarise0
- Treatment
- delaying N application until midseasone1
- Outcome
- proportion of the photosynthate to be used for increased top growthe1
- Direction
- greatere1
- Qualifier
- at the expense of dry matter and sucrose accumulation in the rootse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sugarbeet ( Beta vulgaris L.) root quality has been steadily decreasing”
e1“Adding N fertilizer above that needed for optimum plant growth or delaying N application until midseason caused a greater proportion of the photosynthate to be used for increased top growth at the expense of dry matter and sucrose accumulation in the roots”
Claim · model-written summary
Sucrose accumulation in sugarbeet roots was maximum from late July until early September.
- Taxon
- SugarbeetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarise0
- Outcome
- Sucrose accumulatione2
- Direction
- maximume2
- Qualifier
- from late July until early Septembere2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sugarbeet ( Beta vulgaris L.) root quality has been steadily decreasing”
e2“Sucrose accumulation was maximum from late July until early September”
Claim · model-written summary
In late July to early September, N addition and N uptake caused the greatest decrease in sucrose accumulation and production at harvest.
- Taxon
- SugarbeetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarise0
- Treatment
- addition of N and N uptake by the plante3
- Outcome
- sucrose accumulation and production at harveste3
- Direction
- greatest decreasee3
- Qualifier
- during this periode3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sugarbeet ( Beta vulgaris L.) root quality has been steadily decreasing”
e3“during this period, addition of N and N uptake by the plant caused the greatest decrease in sucrose accumulation and production at harvest”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing N levels decreased sucrose concentrations during the season and at harvest.
- Taxon
- SugarbeetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarise0
- Treatment
- Increasing N levelse4
- Outcome
- sucrose concentrationse4
- Direction
- decreasede4
- Qualifier
- during the season and at harveste4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sugarbeet ( Beta vulgaris L.) root quality has been steadily decreasing”
e4“Increasing N levels decreased sucrose concentrations during the season and at harvest”
Claim · model-written summary
Increased root moisture is proposed to explain the decrease in sucrose concentration under higher N levels.
- Taxon
- SugarbeetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarise0
- Outcome
- sucrose concentrationse4
- Qualifier
- increased moisture level of rootse5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sugarbeet ( Beta vulgaris L.) root quality has been steadily decreasing”
e4“Increasing N levels decreased sucrose concentrations during the season and at harvest”
e5“because of 1) increased moisture level of roots”
Claim · model-written summary
Dry matter accumulated in roots with a lower sucrose concentration is proposed to explain the decrease in sucrose concentration under higher N levels.
- Taxon
- SugarbeetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarise0
- Outcome
- sucrose concentratione6
- Qualifier
- dry matter produced and accumulated in the rootse6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sugarbeet ( Beta vulgaris L.) root quality has been steadily decreasing”
e6“dry matter produced and accumulated in the roots having a decreased sucrose concentration”
Claim · model-written summary
Midseason N application reduced the rate of accumulation of stored sucrose.
- Taxon
- SugarbeetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarise0
- Treatment
- midseason N applicatione7
- Outcome
- rate of accumulation of stored sucrosee7
- Direction
- reducede7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sugarbeet ( Beta vulgaris L.) root quality has been steadily decreasing”
e7“The rate of accumulation of stored sucrose was reduced by midseason N application”
Claim · model-written summary
Midseason N application did not make stored sucrose available for increased growth of beet tops.
- Taxon
- SugarbeetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarise0
- Treatment
- midseason N applicatione7
- Outcome
- increased growth of beet topse2
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sugarbeet ( Beta vulgaris L.) root quality has been steadily decreasing”
e7“The rate of accumulation of stored sucrose was reduced by midseason N application”
e2“but stored sucrose was not used for increased growth of beet tops”
Claim · model-written summary
Excess and late N applications increased impurities in the beet root.
- Taxon
- SugarbeetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarise0
- Treatment
- Excess and late N applicationse1
- Outcome
- impurities in the beet roote1
- Direction
- increasede1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sugarbeet ( Beta vulgaris L.) root quality has been steadily decreasing”
e1“Excess and late N applications also increased impurities in the beet root”
Claim · model-written summary
Excess and late N applications decreased the extractability of stored sucrose.
- Taxon
- SugarbeetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarise0
- Treatment
- Excess and late N applicationse1
- Outcome
- extractability of stored sucrosee2
- Direction
- decreasinge2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sugarbeet ( Beta vulgaris L.) root quality has been steadily decreasing”
e1“Excess and late N applications also increased impurities in the beet root”
e2“decreasing extractability of stored sucrose”
Claim · model-written summary
Excess and late N applications decreased refined sucrose production.
- Taxon
- SugarbeetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarise0
- Treatment
- Excess and late N applicationse1
- Outcome
- refined sucrose productione2
- Direction
- decreasede2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sugarbeet ( Beta vulgaris L.) root quality has been steadily decreasing”
e1“Excess and late N applications also increased impurities in the beet root”
e2“which further decreased refined sucrose production”
Claim · model-written summary
Early N application at optimum levels should maximize refined sucrose production in sugarbeet.
- Taxon
- SugarbeetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarise0
- Treatment
- Early application of N fertilizer at optimum levelse1
- Outcome
- refined sucrose productione1
- Direction
- maximizee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sugarbeet ( Beta vulgaris L.) root quality has been steadily decreasing”
e1“Early application of N fertilizer at optimum levels should maximize refined sucrose production”
The same questions in other papers
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See all 11 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.