Abstract
Abstract Longevity of leaves directly influences grain yield of wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.), but is greatly diminished by environmental stresses. The objective of these studies was to identify treatments that might delay senescence of wheat leaves and increase grain yield. ‘Nesma’ wheat was grown on a heavy clay soil at Meknes, Morocco, for two seasons, the first characterized by mild stress and the second by more severe stress from inadequate precipitation and high temperature. Three planting dates, two seeding rates, and foliar applications of NH 4 NO 3 , and KH 2 PO 4 in randomized complete block designs were tested for efficacy in delaying senescence of leaves as measured by proteolytic activity, chlorophyll and protein concentrations, and grain yield. Advancing the planting date from early December, the optimum time, to November in the first year and delaying planting until January in the second year reduced grain yields in both seasons. Increasing the seeding rate from 200 to 400 kernels in m ‐2 increased grain yields only in the second year, and foliar applications of 10 kg N as NH 4 NO 3 ha −1 were ineffective in both years. Foliar applications of 5 to 10 kg ha −1 KH 2 PO 4 , in contrast, often increased grain yields by 1 Mg ha −1 or more. Senescence processes were enhanced by late planting because of high temperatures during maturation and by dense seeding because of interplant competition. Treatments that increased grain yields usually slowed senescence processes. Applying dilute solutions of KH 2 PO 4 was most effective and, after further testing, might have merit for wheat in regions where drought and high‐temperature environmental stresses occur.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Moving planting from early December to November reduced grain yield in the first season.
- Taxon
- Wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- Novembere0
- Outcome
- grain yieldse0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Qualifier
- first yeare0
- Comparator
- early Decembere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Advancing the planting date from early December, the optimum time, to November in the first year and delaying planting until January in the second year reduced grain yields in both seasons.”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Delaying planting to January reduced grain yield in the second season.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Januarye0
- Outcome
- grain yieldse0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Qualifier
- second yeare0
- Comparator
- early Decembere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Advancing the planting date from early December, the optimum time, to November in the first year and delaying planting until January in the second year reduced grain yields in both seasons.”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing seeding rate from 200 to 400 kernels m −2 increased grain yield only in the second year.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- 400 kernels in m ‐2e0
- Outcome
- grain yieldse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- only in the second yeare0
- Comparator
- 200e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Increasing the seeding rate from 200 to 400 kernels in m ‐2 increased grain yields only in the second year”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar NH 4 NO 3 was ineffective in both years.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- foliar applications of 10 kg N as NH 4 NO 3 ha −1e0
- Outcome
- grain yieldse1
- Direction
- ineffectivee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“foliar applications of 10 kg N as NH 4 NO 3 ha −1 were ineffective in both years”
e1“increased grain yields only in the second year”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar KH 2 PO 4 often increased grain yields by at least 1 Mg ha −1.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Foliar applications of 5 to 10 kg ha −1 KH 2 PO 4e0
- Outcome
- grain yieldse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 1 Mg ha −1 or moree0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Foliar applications of 5 to 10 kg ha −1 KH 2 PO 4 , in contrast, often increased grain yields by 1 Mg ha −1 or more.”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Late planting enhanced senescence processes under high maturation temperatures.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- late plantinge0
- Outcome
- Senescence processese0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Qualifier
- high temperatures during maturatione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Senescence processes were enhanced by late planting because of high temperatures during maturation and by dense seeding because of interplant competition.”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Dense seeding enhanced senescence processes through interplant competition.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- dense seedinge0
- Outcome
- Senescence processese1
- Direction
- enhancede1
- Qualifier
- interplant competitione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“by dense seeding because of interplant competition”
e1“Senescence processes were enhanced by late planting because of high temperatures during maturation and by dense seeding because of interplant competition.”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Yield increasing treatments usually slowed senescence processes.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Treatments that increased grain yieldse0
- Outcome
- senescence processese0
- Direction
- slowede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Treatments that increased grain yields usually slowed senescence processes.”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest dilute KH 2 PO 4 solutions might help wheat in drought and high temperature regions after further testing.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Outcome
- Applying dilute solutions of KH 2 PO 4e0
- Qualifier
- after further testinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Applying dilute solutions of KH 2 PO 4 was most effective and, after further testing, might have merit for wheat in regions where drought and high‐temperature environmental stresses occur.”
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See all 877 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.