Abstract
The effect of phosphorus (P) rate and crop arrangement on the performance of component crops in maize-bean intercropping systems was investigated at two sites; Malanga and Bugeng’i in western Kenya. A split plot design with five crop arrangements in the main plots i.e., one row of maize alternating with one row of beans (conventional), maize and beans planted in the same hole, two rows of maize alternating with two of beans (Mbili), sole maize and sole beans, in a factorial combination with three P rates; 0, 30, and 60 kg ha-1 in the subplots, was used. Bean yields were low (< 1 t ha-1) but they increased with increasing P rate at both sites. Response of maize to P fertilizer was however poor at Malanga mainly due to Striga weed infestation. Yields of beans did not significantly differ among crop arrangements at both sites. At Bungeng’i, there was a significant interaction between P rate and crop arrangement. At this site, the maize yield in the conventional arrangement increased with increasing P rate but for the Mbili arrangement, the grain yield from application of 30 kg P ha-1 was significantly higher than that at 0 kg P ha-1 and similar to that 60 kg P ha-1. Therefore, it is not beneficial to fertilize beyond 30 kg P ha-1 at this site with the Mbili arrangement. Intercropping was beneficial in all crop arrangements (Land equivalent ratio >1) and can therefore be practiced, except for maize and beans planted in the same hole with no P application at Bugeng’i.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Bean yields were below 1 t ha-1 at both sites.
Verbatim
e0“Bean yields were low (< 1 t ha-1) but they increased with increasing P rate at both sites.”
e1“Yields of beans did not significantly differ among crop arrangements at both sites.”
Claim · model-written summary
Bean yields increased with phosphorus rate at both sites.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Bean yields were low (< 1 t ha-1) but they increased with increasing P rate at both sites.”
e1“Yields of beans did not significantly differ among crop arrangements at both sites.”
Claim · model-written summary
Maize response to phosphorus fertilizer was poor at Malanga, mainly due to Striga infestation.
Zea mays
StrigaNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Response of maize to P fertilizer was however poor at Malanga mainly due to Striga weed infestation.”
Claim · model-written summary
Bean yields did not significantly differ among crop arrangements at either site.
- Taxon
- beanse0
- Treatment
- crop arrangementse0
- Outcome
- Yields of beanse0
- Direction
- did not significantly differe0
- Setting
- both sitese0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Yields of beans did not significantly differ among crop arrangements at both sites.”
Claim · model-written summary
Phosphorus rate and crop arrangement interacted significantly for maize yield at Bungeng’i.
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At Bungeng’i, there was a significant interaction between P rate and crop arrangement.”
e1“At this site, the maize yield in the conventional arrangement increased with increasing P rate”
Claim · model-written summary
Maize yield in the conventional arrangement rose with phosphorus rate at Bungeng’i.
- Treatment
- increasing P ratee0
- Outcome
- maize yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- conventional arrangemente0
- Setting
- Bungeng’ie1
Not reportedMaterialComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At this site, the maize yield in the conventional arrangement increased with increasing P rate”
e1“At Bungeng’i, there was a significant interaction between P rate and crop arrangement.”
Claim · model-written summary
Under Mbili, 30 kg P ha-1 produced significantly higher maize grain yield than 0 kg P ha-1.
- Treatment
- application of 30 kg P ha-1e0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- highere0
- Qualifier
- Mbili arrangemente0
- Comparator
- 0 kg P ha-1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“for the Mbili arrangement, the grain yield from application of 30 kg P ha-1 was significantly higher than that at 0 kg P ha-1”
t0“maize-common bean intercropping”
Claim · model-written summary
Under Mbili, grain yield at 30 kg P ha-1 was similar to 60 kg P ha-1.
- Treatment
- application of 30 kg P ha-1e0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- similare0
- Qualifier
- Mbili arrangemente0
- Comparator
- 60 kg P ha-1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“for the Mbili arrangement, the grain yield from application of 30 kg P ha-1 was significantly higher than that at 0 kg P ha-1 and similar to that 60 kg P ha-1”
t0“maize-common bean intercropping”
Claim · model-written summary
Fertilization beyond 30 kg P ha-1 is not beneficial for Mbili at this site.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Therefore, it is not beneficial to fertilize beyond 30 kg P ha-1 at this site with the Mbili arrangement.”
t0“maize-common bean intercropping”
Claim · model-written summary
Intercropping was beneficial across arrangements, with land equivalent ratios above one, apart from the stated same-hole exception.
Verbatim
e0“Intercropping was beneficial in all crop arrangements (Land equivalent ratio >1) and can therefore be practiced, except for maize and beans planted in the same hole with no P application at Bugeng’i.”
Claim · model-written summary
Intercropping can be practiced except for same-hole maize and beans without phosphorus at Bugeng’i.
Verbatim
e0“Intercropping was beneficial in all crop arrangements (Land equivalent ratio >1) and can therefore be practiced, except for maize and beans planted in the same hole with no P application at Bugeng’i.”
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See all 627 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.