Abstract
Abstract. Maintenance of realistically low solution P concentrations under controlled conditions is a major difficulty in studies of P nutrition. In this report, we describe a relatively simple and economical sand culture system capable of sustaining plant growth to maturity under controlled yet realistic P regimes. The system uses Al 2 O 3 as a solid‐phase P buffer, and modern process control technology to control irrigation and addition of other mineral nutrients. Aspects of the design, use and potential applications of automated solid‐phase systems are discussed. The system was used to grow Phaseolus vulgaris to matarity at 0.4 mmol m 3 , 1.0 mmol m 3 and 27 mmol m 3 P with and without mycorrhizal inoculation. At flowering, low solution P concentrations were associated with reduced leaf concentrations of P in nonmycorrhizal plants, and reduced leaf concentrations of Ca in both mycorrhizal and nonmycorrhizal plants. Mycorrhizal inoculation increased leaf P, K, Mg and Mn concentrations, but reduced leaf N concentration. Low P regimes reduced final seed yield by diminishing both the number of pods per plant and the number of seeds per pod. Mycorrhizal inoculation significantly enhanced seed yield under low P regimes by increasing seed weight, the number of pods per plant, and the number of seeds per pod.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
The sand culture system grew Phaseolus vulgaris to maturity under three phosphorus concentrations with and without mycorrhiza.
- Taxon
- Phaseolus vulgaris
Phaseolus vulgarise0 - Outcome
- grow Phaseolus vulgaris to mataritye0
- Value
- 0.4 mmol m 3e0
- Qualifier
- 1.0 mmol m 3 and 27 mmol m 3 Pe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The system was used to grow Phaseolus vulgaris to matarity at 0.4 mmol m 3 , 1.0 mmol m 3 and 27 mmol m 3 P with and without mycorrhizal inoculation.”
Claim · model-written summary
Low solution phosphorus was associated with reduced leaf phosphorus in nonmycorrhizal plants at flowering.
- Taxon
- Phaseolus vulgarisPhaseolus vulgarise7
- Treatment
- low solution P concentrationse0
- Outcome
- leaf concentrations of Pe0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Qualifier
- nonmycorrhizal plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At flowering, low solution P concentrations were associated with reduced leaf concentrations of P in nonmycorrhizal plants”
e7“Phaseolus vulgaris”
Claim · model-written summary
Low solution phosphorus was associated with reduced leaf calcium in mycorrhizal and nonmycorrhizal plants.
- Taxon
- Phaseolus vulgarisPhaseolus vulgarise7
- Treatment
- low solution P concentrationse1
- Outcome
- leaf concentrations of Cae0
- Direction
- reducede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“reduced leaf concentrations of Ca in both mycorrhizal and nonmycorrhizal plants.”
e1“At flowering, low solution P concentrations were associated”
e7“Phaseolus vulgaris”
Claim · model-written summary
Mycorrhizal inoculation increased leaf P, K, and Mg concentrations.
- Taxon
- Phaseolus vulgarisPhaseolus vulgarise7
- Treatment
- Mycorrhizal inoculatione0
- Outcome
- leaf P, K, Mg and Mn concentrationse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Mycorrhizal inoculation increased leaf P, K, Mg and Mn concentrations”
e7“Phaseolus vulgaris”
Claim · model-written summary
Mycorrhizal inoculation reduced leaf nitrogen concentration.
- Taxon
- Phaseolus vulgarisPhaseolus vulgarise7
- Treatment
- Mycorrhizal inoculatione0
- Outcome
- leaf N concentratione0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Mycorrhizal inoculation increased leaf P, K, Mg and Mn concentrations, but reduced leaf N concentration.”
e7“Phaseolus vulgaris”
Claim · model-written summary
Low phosphorus regimes reduced final seed yield.
- Taxon
- Phaseolus vulgarisPhaseolus vulgarise7
- Treatment
- Low P regimese0
- Outcome
- final seed yielde0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Low P regimes reduced final seed yield”
e7“Phaseolus vulgaris”
Claim · model-written summary
Low phosphorus reduced pods per plant and seeds per pod.
- Taxon
- Phaseolus vulgarisPhaseolus vulgarise7
- Treatment
- Low P regimese0
- Outcome
- number of pods per plant and the number of seeds per pode0
- Direction
- diminishinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Low P regimes reduced final seed yield by diminishing both the number of pods per plant and the number of seeds per pod.”
e7“Phaseolus vulgaris”
Claim · model-written summary
Mycorrhizal inoculation significantly enhanced seed yield under low phosphorus.
- Taxon
- Phaseolus vulgarisPhaseolus vulgarise7
- Treatment
- Mycorrhizal inoculatione0
- Outcome
- seed yielde0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Qualifier
- low P regimese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Mycorrhizal inoculation significantly enhanced seed yield under low P regimes”
e7“Phaseolus vulgaris”
Claim · model-written summary
Mycorrhizal inoculation increased seed weight, pods per plant, and seeds per pod under low phosphorus.
- Taxon
- Phaseolus vulgarisPhaseolus vulgarise7
- Treatment
- Mycorrhizal inoculatione0
- Outcome
- seed weight, the number of pods per plant, and the number of seeds per pode0
- Direction
- increasinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Mycorrhizal inoculation significantly enhanced seed yield under low P regimes by increasing seed weight, the number of pods per plant, and the number of seeds per pod.”
e7“Phaseolus vulgaris”
The same questions in other papers
mycorrhiza · yield · Phaseolus vulgaris (common bean)Positive and negative results
24 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- negative
- no effect
24 papers more in this group
See all 28 papers →inoculation · nutrient: content · Phaseolus vulgaris (common bean)Positive and negative results
39 papers in the same direction as this paper · 4 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- negative
- negative
40 papers more in this group
See all 44 papers →phosphorus · yield · Phaseolus vulgaris (common bean)Positive and negative results
21 papers in the same direction as this paper · 96 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
114 papers more in this group
See all 118 papers →inoculation · yield · Phaseolus vulgaris (common bean)Positive and negative results
152 papers in the same direction as this paper · 36 in the opposite direction · 6 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
- no effect
- negative
191 papers more in this group
See all 195 papers →mycorrhiza · nutrient: content · Phaseolus vulgaris (common bean)Results agree
11 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
8 papers more in this group
See all 12 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.