Abstract
Two experiments were carried out in private farm (Khatatba Minufiya Governorate) in winter of field 2016/ 2017and 2017/ 2018 seasons to evaluate the alteration of physiological and biochemical processes as well as yield and its quality of tomato plants (Solanum lycopersicum) grown under chilling stress (5-10°C at night). The nanobiostimulators used in this study were, NB compound contains (CPPU, BR and proline) used by two concentrations (NB1: 0.5 and NB2: 1.0 ml L), nano jasmonic acid (JA1: 5 and JA2: 10 ppm), and finally nano silicon (Si1: 2 and Si2: 3 mM) beside the control plants which sprayed with tap water. The treatments applied as foliar on tomato seedlings grown under low temperature at 45, 60 and 90 day after transplanting. The results were as following:- low temperature caused significant reductions in plant height, fresh and dry weight of leaves and branches as well as leaf area, chlorophyll content, antioxidant enzymes (PPO, PO and CAT), also reduced proline content and total sugars. Moreover significant reduction in early and total yield and firmness, TSS and Vit C, meanwhile increased chilling injury index (CI %.) Spraying NB1 and Si1 at low concentration caused a significant reduction in chilling injury index (CI) and increased significantly chlorophyll content, antioxidant enzymes (PPO, PO and CAT), proline content and total sugars. Meanwhile significantly reduced chilling injury index (CI). Moreover, nanobiodtimulators at low concentration caused a good performance for tomato plants with highly early yield (57, 48%) and (43, 40%) for NB1 & Si1 beside total yield (30, 37%) and (20, 23%) for NB1 & Si1, in both seasons respectively, also the same treatments had induction in firmness, TSS and Vit. C compared to the control plants.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Low temperature significantly reduced tomato growth traits.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicumt0 - Treatment
- low temperaturee0
- Outcome
- plant height, fresh and dry weight of leaves and branches as well as leaf areae0
- Direction
- reductionse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim
e0“low temperature caused significant reductions in plant height, fresh and dry weight of leaves and branches as well as leaf area”
t0“TOMATO”
Claim · model-written summary
Low temperature significantly reduced chlorophyll, antioxidant enzymes, proline and sugars.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicumt0 - Treatment
- low temperaturee1
- Outcome
- chlorophyll content, antioxidant enzymes (PPO, PO and CAT)e0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Qualifier
- proline content and total sugarse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim
e0“chlorophyll content, antioxidant enzymes (PPO, PO and CAT), also reduced proline content and total sugars”
t0“TOMATO”
e1“low temperature caused significant reductions”
Claim · model-written summary
Low temperature significantly reduced early and total yield.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicumt0 - Treatment
- low temperaturee1
- Outcome
- early and total yielde0
- Direction
- reductione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim
e0“significant reduction in early and total yield”
t0“TOMATO”
e1“low temperature caused significant reductions”
Claim · model-written summary
Low temperature significantly reduced firmness, TSS and vitamin C.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicumt0 - Treatment
- low temperaturee1
- Outcome
- firmness, TSS and Vit Ce0
- Direction
- reductione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim
e0“significant reduction in early and total yield and firmness, TSS and Vit C”
t0“TOMATO”
e1“low temperature caused significant reductions”
Claim · model-written summary
Low temperature increased chilling injury index.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicumt0 - Treatment
- low temperaturee1
- Outcome
- chilling injury index (CI %.)e0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim
e0“increased chilling injury index (CI %.)”
t0“TOMATO”
e1“low temperature caused significant reductions”
Claim · model-written summary
NB1 and Si1 significantly reduced chilling injury.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicumt0 - Treatment
- NB1 and Si1 at low concentratione0
- Outcome
- chilling injury index (CI)e0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Comparator
- control plantse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim
e0“Spraying NB1 and Si1 at low concentration caused a significant reduction in chilling injury index (CI)”
t0“TOMATO”
e1“beside the control plants which sprayed with tap water”
Claim · model-written summary
NB1 and Si1 significantly increased chlorophyll and antioxidant enzymes.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicumt0 - Treatment
- NB1 and Si1e1
- Outcome
- chlorophyll content, antioxidant enzymes (PPO, PO and CAT)e0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- control plantse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim
e0“increased significantly chlorophyll content, antioxidant enzymes (PPO, PO and CAT)”
t0“TOMATO”
e1“Spraying NB1 and Si1 at low concentration caused a significant reduction in chilling injury index (CI)”
e2“compared to the control plants”
Claim · model-written summary
NB1 and Si1 significantly increased proline and sugars.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicumt0 - Treatment
- NB1 and Si1e1
- Outcome
- proline content and total sugarse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- control plantse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim
e0“increased significantly chlorophyll content, antioxidant enzymes (PPO, PO and CAT), proline content and total sugars”
t0“TOMATO”
e1“Spraying NB1 and Si1 at low concentration caused a significant reduction in chilling injury index (CI)”
e2“compared to the control plants”
Claim · model-written summary
NB1 raised early yield by 57% and 48% across the two seasons.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicumt0 - Treatment
- NB1e0
- Outcome
- early yielde0
- Value
- 57, 48%e0
- Comparator
- control plantse1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim
e0“early yield (57, 48%) and (43, 40%) for NB1 & Si1”
t0“TOMATO”
e1“compared to the control plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Si1 raised early yield by 43% and 40% across the two seasons.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicumt0 - Treatment
- Si1e0
- Outcome
- early yielde0
- Value
- 43, 40%e0
- Comparator
- control plantse1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim
e0“early yield (57, 48%) and (43, 40%) for NB1 & Si1”
t0“TOMATO”
e1“compared to the control plants”
Claim · model-written summary
NB1 raised total yield by 30% and 37% across the two seasons.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicumt0 - Treatment
- NB1e0
- Outcome
- total yielde0
- Value
- 30, 37%e0
- Comparator
- control plantse1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim
e0“total yield (30, 37%) and (20, 23%) for NB1 & Si1”
t0“TOMATO”
e1“compared to the control plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Si1 raised total yield by 20% and 23% across the two seasons.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicumt0 - Treatment
- Si1e0
- Outcome
- total yielde0
- Value
- 20, 23%e0
- Comparator
- control plantse1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim
e0“total yield (30, 37%) and (20, 23%) for NB1 & Si1”
t0“TOMATO”
e1“compared to the control plants”
Claim · model-written summary
NB1 and Si1 improved firmness, TSS and vitamin C.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicumt0 - Treatment
- NB1 & Si1e1
- Outcome
- firmness, TSS and Vit. Ce0
- Direction
- inductione0
- Comparator
- control plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim
e0“the same treatments had induction in firmness, TSS and Vit. C compared to the control plants”
t0“TOMATO”
e1“for NB1 & Si1 beside total yield”
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