Abstract
The main characteristics of the phenolic foam are inherent to a substrate of excellent quality such as sterility, excellent aeration and high load-bearing capacity. However, as it comes from a phenolic resin, the foam has some residues that can affect the development of plants. Thus, this work aimed to evaluate different treatments for washing phenolic foam under the germination and initial growth of lettuce seedlings in two immersion times. The experimental design was completely randomized (DIC), in a 5x2 factorial scheme, containing four replications with 56 plants per plot. Each repetition was composed of a phenolic foam board. The experimental factors consisted of different substances: caustic soda (NaOH), pint lime (CaOH2), citric acid (C6H8O7), vinegar (CH3COOH) and water in solution with distilled water, and two immersion times (30 minutes and 18 hours). For the witness treatment, there was no immersion. After 18-hour immersion, the treatment with citric acid presented the best development for height and biomass in the lettuce seedlings. On the other hand, the 4,0% vinegar pretreatment was not considered viable for phenolic foam for any of the times analysed. There was a significant decrease in seedling biomass when no treatment in the foam was carried out before sowing the lettuce seeds. The caustic soda presented lower results for emergence speed index, fresh aerial biomass, height and number of leaves for the 18-hour immersion compared to the 30-minute immersion.
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Claims 5
Claim · model-written summary
Citric acid treatment after 18-hour immersion gave the best development in height and biomass of lettuce seedlings.
- Taxon
- lettuce
Lactuca sativae1 - Treatment
- treatment with citric acide1
- Outcome
- development for height and biomasse1
- Direction
- best developmente1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“After 18-hour immersion, the treatment with citric acid presented the best development for height and biomass in the lettuce seedlings”
Claim · model-written summary
The 4.0% vinegar pretreatment of phenolic foam was not considered viable for any immersion time.
- Taxon
- lettuceLactuca sativae2
- Treatment
- 4,0% vinegar pretreatmente1
- Outcome
- viablee1
- Qualifier
- for any of the times analysede1
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“the 4,0% vinegar pretreatment was not considered viable for phenolic foam for any of the times analysed”
e2“under the germination and initial growth of lettuce seedlings in two immersion times”
Claim · model-written summary
Seedling biomass decreased significantly when no treatment was applied to the phenolic foam before sowing lettuce.
- Taxon
- lettuceLactuca sativae1
- Treatment
- no treatment in the foame1
- Outcome
- seedling biomasse1
- Direction
- decreasee1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“There was a significant decrease in seedling biomass when no treatment in the foam was carried out before sowing the lettuce seeds”
Claim · model-written summary
Caustic soda with 18-hour immersion gave lower emergence speed index, fresh aerial biomass and height of lettuce seedlings than 30-minute immersion.
- Taxon
- lettuceLactuca sativae2
- Treatment
- caustic sodae1
- Outcome
- emergence speed index, fresh aerial biomass, heighte1
- Direction
- lowere1
- Qualifier
- 18-hour immersione1
- Comparator
- 30-minute immersione1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“The caustic soda presented lower results for emergence speed index, fresh aerial biomass, height and number of leaves for the 18-hour immersion compared to the 30-minute immersion”
e2“under the germination and initial growth of lettuce seedlings in two immersion times”
Claim · model-written summary
Caustic soda with 18-hour immersion gave a lower number of leaves in lettuce seedlings than 30-minute immersion.
- Taxon
- lettuceLactuca sativae2
- Treatment
- caustic sodae1
- Outcome
- number of leavese1
- Direction
- lowere1
- Qualifier
- 18-hour immersione1
- Comparator
- 30-minute immersione1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“The caustic soda presented lower results for emergence speed index, fresh aerial biomass, height and number of leaves for the 18-hour immersion compared to the 30-minute immersion”
e2“under the germination and initial growth of lettuce seedlings in two immersion times”
The same questions in other papers
citric acid · growth · Lactuca sativa (garden lettuce)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- positive
1 paper more in this group
See all 5 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.